Institute of Agriculture

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Author: search.filters.author.Biljana KorunoskaHas files: Yes

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    CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SOME AUTOCHTHONOUS FRUIT SPECIES FROM MACEDONIA
    (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND PLANT SCIENCES, JAPS, 2023)
    Ana Selamovska
    ;
    Milena Taseska- Gjorgjijevski
    ;
    Aleksandar Markovski
    ;
    Biljana Korunoska
    The scope of this paper is determination of the content of soluble dry matters, total sugar, total acids, invert sugar and citric, malic, tartaric and lactic acid in some autochthonous fruit species: pomegranate (Zumnarija, Bejnarija, Valandovska kisela, Valandovska kiselo-slatka, Hidjas, Kisela, Lifanka, Ropkavec), apple (Ubavo cvetka, Shareno blago, Prespanka, Tetovka, Karapasha, Kozharka, Bela Tetovka) and cherry (Ohridska brza, Ohridska rana, Ohridska crna, Dolga shishka, Dalbazlija, Ohridska bela). Comparative studies were performed in relation to the standard varieties (Karamustafa-pomegranate, Idared-apple and Bigaro burlatcherry). Pomegranate fruits have the highest content of soluble dry matters (15.6%), total sugars (149 g/L) and total acids (20.1 g/L). The highest content of invert sugar was observed in pomegranate (113 g/L which means 76.3% of total sugar). In apple and cherry fruits, malic acid dominates (above 5 g/L), while in pomegranate fruits, citric and malic acids are almost equally represented. Tartaric acid is present only in apple fruits (0.383 g/L). Lactic acid was not found in all fruit species. A strong positive correlation was found between soluble dry matter and total sugar with coefficient of determination R2 = 60%. A moderate positive correlation exists between the contents of total and invert sugar with coefficient of determination R2 = 20%, between total acids and invert sugar with coefficient of determination R2 = 22% and between the content of malic and citric acid with coefficient of determination R2 = 30%. A strong negative correlation was found between the content of total acid and malic acid with coefficient of determination R2 = 37% and very strong negative correlation between malic acid and invert sugar with coefficient of determination R2 =77%.
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    COMPARATIVE RESEARCH ON ANTIOXIDANT CONTENT IN THE FRUITS OF SELECT INDIGENOUS VARIETIES OF FRUITS, GRAPES AND VEGETABLES
    (CONTRIBUTIONS, Section of Natural, Mathematical and Biotechnical Sciences, MASA, 2021)
    Ana Selamovska
    ;
    Viktor Gjamovski
    ;
    Biljana Korunoska
    ;
    Milena Taseska-Gjorgjijevski
    ;
    Klime Beleski
    In this research study, we presented the results of the chemical analysis conducted on fruits of indigenous varieties and populations of several fruit species, namely cherries, pomegranates and apples, as well as grapes and vegetables such as peppers and tomatoes. Among the samples analyzed, the pepper populations exhibited the highest concentration of vitamin C, measured at 51.25 mg/100g. Conversely, the lowest levels of vitamin C were observed in apples and grapes, approximately 9 mg/100g. When considering the overall antioxidant activity, tomatoes and peppers displayed the largest proportion of vitamin C, accounting for over 75 mg/100g. Furthermore, the highest quantity of anthocyanins was found in cherries, specifically 394.30 mg/kg FW (FW = Fresh Weight). Pomegranate varieties exhibited the greatest content of total phenols, measuring 5359.43 mg/kg FW, along with the highest fruit antioxidant activity, showing 81.58 % inhibition. As for apple varieties, they contained the highest amount of flavan-3-ols, reaching 517.98 mg/kg FW. Our analysis revealed a positive correlation between total phenols and antioxidant activity, as well as between total phenols and flavan-3-ols. Additionally, a moderate negative correlation was identified between vitamin C and flavan-3-ols.
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    A comparative study of the content of some antioxidants in the fruits of autochthonous pomegranate varieties
    (University of Banjaluka, Faculty of Agriculture, 2022)
    Ana Selamovska
    ;
    Viktor Gjamovski
    ;
    Milena Taseska-Gjorgjijevski
    ;
    Dushko Nedelkovski
    ;
    Klime Beleski
    The contents of total phenolics, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, and the fruit antioxidant activity of 9 pomegranate varieties (‘Zumnarija’, ‘Bejnarija’, ‘Valandovska kisela’, ‘Valandovska kiselo-slatka’, ‘Hidjas’, ‘Kisela’, ‘Karamustafa’, ‘Lifanka’, and ‘Ropkavec’) were examined. Autochthonous pomegranate varieties contained 4354.4 – 6480.9 mg/kg FW total phenols, 160 – 698.2 mg/kg FW anthocyanins, 96.9 – 157.2 mg/kg FW flavan-3-ols, and high antioxidant activity of fruits (71.2 – 92.5% inhibition). The ‘Valandovska kisela’ variety had the highest content of total phenolics (6480.87 mg/kg FW), flavan-3-ols (157.190 mg/kg FW) and higher fruit antioxidant activity (92.5% inhibition) compared to the standard ‘Karamustafa’ variety and the other autochthonous varieties. The ‘Hidjas’ variety had the highest content of anthocyanins (698.20 mg/kg FW). A positive correlation (0.9815) was found between the content of total phenolics and the fruit antioxidant activity. A moderate positive, insignificant correlation was also found between the content of flavan-3-ols and anthocyanins.
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    EXAMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF SOME ANTIOXIDANT SUBSTANCES IN SOME AUTOCHTHONOUS GRAPEVINE VARIETIES (VITIS VINIFERA L.) IN R.N. MACEDONIA
    (Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food, 2021)
    Biljana Korunoska
    ;
    Milena Taseska-Gjorgjijevski
    ;
    Dushko Nedelkovski
    ;
    Klime Beleski
    ;
    Roze Gjolevska-Millenkovska
    In this paper, some bioactive antioxidants have been tested in several grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L.) present in R.N. Macedonia. Grapes are a source of various nutrients that are beneficial to the human body in many ways. A grape, as a raw material and its final processing - wine is a complex of many chemical substances and compounds that are responsible for many visible and sensory characteristics that are manifested in varieties (phenotypic). Those chemical compounds are; carbohydrates, organic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, vitamins, polyphenols, minerals, nitrogen compounds, etc. Specifically, in our case, vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and phenolic compounds (total phenols, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ol and antioxidant activity) were tested in several autochthonous grape varieties and one standard variety (Belo zimsko, Stanushina, Crn valandovski drenok, Crven valandovski drenok and Palieri as standard). The tested chemicals are of great importance in their consumption in the human diet. They have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-mutation effects and reduce the risk of cardiovascular, degenerative and other chronic diseases. The most important for this group of compounds is that they determine the color, astringency, bitterness and some organoleptic and sensory characteristics of grapes and wine.