Faculty of Medicine
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Item type:Publication, SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA ARISING IN A KELOID SCAR: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW(Macedonian Association of Pathology and North Macedonia Division of IAP, 2025); ; ; Angelovska TIntroduction: Keloids are characterized by abnormal fibroblast proliferation and excessive collagen deposition. While typically benign, they have been recognized as potential predisposing factors for cutaneous neoplasia. Case Presentation: We present a rare case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising within a keloid scar in a 38-year-old female with a history of exuberant keloid formation on the feet. Histopathological examination of the excised lesion revealed moderately differentiated SCC developing within keloid tissue, marked by invasive nests of atypical squamous cells and keratin pearl formation embedded in dense keloidal stroma. Conclusion: Although exceedingly rare, malignant transformation of keloid scars into SCC can occur, particularly in lesions exposed to chronic irritation, inflammation, ulceration, repeated trauma, or ultraviolet radiation. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion when evaluating morphological changes in long-standing keloids. Early biopsy of suspicious lesions is crucial for timely diagnosis and appropriate management. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, INVASIVE SKINCARCINOMA OF THE SKULLTREATED WITH A ROTATIONALFLAP-A CASE REPORT(Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2023-12-26) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Assessment of Density of Neovascularization in Lower Lip Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Relation to Neoplasm Differentiation Grade in Patients with and without Neck Lymph Nodes Metastasis(ID Design Press, 2019); ; - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Ovarian mucinous cystadenoma with murale nodule of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Report of a case(Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2008-10); - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, High-risk HPV E6/E7 messenger RNA testing versus HPV DNA testing in women with squamous cell abnormalities of the uterine cervix(BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, International Gynecologic Cancer Society & European Society of Gynaecological Oncology, 2017-11); ; Dabeski, AnaAims The study is performed in order to compare the results of two HPV screening methods: High-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV DNA. Method Comparative prospective study, conducted in the period for April 2016 to March 2017 at the University Clinics for Gynecology and Obstetrics and Radiotherapy and Oncology in Skopje and Institute of Public Health of Republic of Macedonia of 98 sexually active women, age groups of 20 to 60 years, with squamous cell abnormalities on the cervical cytology. In all 98 women were done: HPV DNA testing, High-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA testing and colposcopy and directed biopsy with endocervical curettage for histopathological analysis. Results Histopathologically, there were: 36.7% non-neoplastic lesions, 20.4% LGSIL cases, 29.6% HGSIL cases and 13.3% invasive squamous cell carcinomas. HPV DNA was found 78.6% of the cases; E6 and E7 transcripts were found in 58.2%. The rates of detection of HPV DNA and E6 and E7 transcripts were 83.3% and 22.2% for cases with non-neoplastic finding; 65.0% and 45.0% for cases with LGSIL; 75.9% and 93.1% for cases with HGSIL and 92.3% and 100% for cases with invasive squamous cell carcinoma. High-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA testing showed a higher sensitivity than the HPV DNA testing (79.0% and 75.8%), higher specificity (77.8% and 16.7%) and a higher positive predictive value for HGSIL ( 93.1% and 75.9%) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (100% and 92.3%). Conclusion High-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA testing could be more powerful than HPV DNA testing for screening and investigation of HGSIL and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Correlation between cytopathology and histopathology in women with squamous cell abnormalities of the uterine cervix(Macedonian Association of Pathology, 2016-09); ; ; ; Objective: The objective of our study was to investigate the correlation between cytology and cervical biopsy findings in women with squamous cell abnormalities on cervical cytology. Material and Methods: A comparative retrospective study was conducted in the period from September 2015 to March 2016 in a series of 184 sexually active women, aged from 20 to 60 years, with squamous cell abnormalities in the liquid-based cytology test. In all women, cervical biopsy with endocervical curettage was performed colposcopically for histopathological analysis. Results: Cytologically, there were 118 (64.13%) atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), 22 (11.96%) low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 38 (20.65%) high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and 6 (3.26%) invasive squamous cell carcinoma cases. According to the histopathological findings in the cervical biopsy and/or endocervical curettage material in 108 (58.70%) women only nonneoplastic lesions were diagnosed. Twenty-four (13.04%) women had histologically confirmed LSIL, 42 (22.83%) had HSIL and in 10 (5.43%) cases invasive SCC was confirmed. For all squamous cell abnormalities, the sensitivity of the liquid-based cytology test in LSIL and higher grade lesions was 58.70% (108/184) and false positivity was 41.30% (76/184). Excluding ASC-US lesions, the sensitivity of the liquid-based cytology test was 78.80% (52/66) and the false positivity was 21.21% (14/66). The positive predictive value was 100% (6/6) for invasive SCC, 68.42% (26/38) for HSIL and 31.82% (7/22) for LSIL. Conclusions: The high sensitivity of the liquid-based cytology test for HSILs shows that it is an effective screening test for cervical cancer and its precursor lesions. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The depth of the stromal invasion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in correlation with tumor size and tumor differentiation(Macedonian Association of Pathology, 2016-09); ; ; ; Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the correlations between stromal invasion and the grade of differentiation as well as tumor’s size in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC). Material and Methods: Surgically resected skin specimens from 30 patients with cutaneous SCC, were included in the study. The hematoxylin-eosin stained histological sections containing the tumor tissue and the surrounding normal skin prepared from routinely processed paraffin blocks were analyzed by light microscopy. In each analyzed SCC, the degree of histological differentiation (G) and the postoperative tumor status (pT) of the neoplasm according to TNM classification (AJCC) were determined. The depth of stromal invasion in each case was measured on low power field (x40) using morphometry software. The distance from the basement membrane of the epidermis to the deepest invasive neoplastic focus of the tumor and the obtained values are presented in absolute numbers expressed in micrometers. Results: The SCC in 21 (70%) cases was classified as pT1 and in 9 (30%) cases as pT2 category tumor. Twelve tumors (40%) were classified as well (G1), 13 (43.3%) as moderately (G2), and 5 (16.7%) as poorly (G3) differentiated tumors. The depth of stromal invasion was ranging from 1561.2 μm to 13000.1 μm. A statistically significant difference was found between the depth of invasion in tumors belonging to different pT category (Mann-Whitney U test, p=0.003034 for pT1 and pT2), and different grade (Kruskal-Wallis test, p=0.00008 for G1, G2, G3). Conclusions: The depth of stromal invasion was higher in larger SCCs with a maximal diameter greater than 2 cm (pT2) and in poorly differentiated (G3) tumors. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Determination of the density of neovascularization in invasive front in skin squamous cell carcinoma, with varying degrees of histological differentiation(Turkish Society of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy (TSACA), 2015); ; ; ; Introduction: Angiogenesis is a process of formation of new blood vessels from the existing normal capillaries. Tumors with higher angiogenesis activity belong to the category of very aggressive tumors. Aim of this paper is determination of the density of the blood vessels, i.e. neovascularization in the invasive front of the tumor stroma in skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in relation to the healthy skin and the ratio of the density of the blood vessels in the skin SCC with a different degree of histological differentiation. Methods: The material is consisted of operational materials from 30 patients with skin SCC. Neoplasms were classified according to the degree of histological differentiation (G). Histological sections of the invasive front of the neoplasms, the tumor tissue and the surrounding healthy skin were stained immunohistochemically using specific primary monoclonal antibodies SMA and CD34 and analyzed by light microscopy. The density of the blood vessels in the skin SCC in relation to the dermis of the healthy skin was determined, and the density of the blood vessels in neoplasms in relation to the degree of histological differentiation(G). Results: The histological analysis has shown high statistical difference in the density of the blood vessels in the invasive front of skin SCC compared to the healthy skin (Mann-Whitney U, p=0.0000001). The difference found in the density of neovascularization in the neoplasms with different degree of differentiation (G1, G2, G3) is statistically significant for (Kruskal-Wallis, p=0.0003). Conclusion: The density of the neovascularization changes considerably compared to the healthy skin. Depending on the degree of histological differentiation of the neoplasms, the found differences in the density of the blood vessels are statistically significant and there is positive correlation between them. The increase of vascularity in the invasive front of the neoplasm in a higher grade cancers suggest about its possible role in the progression of neoplasm. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Morphological Characteristics of the Stroma in Malignat Epithelial Neoplasms with Short Review of Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma(Македонско лекарско друштво = Macedonian medical association, 2014-04-01); ; ; ; The stroma of the neoplasm is a highly complex structure built by: specialized mesenchymal cells typical for each tissue surroundings, cancer associated fibroblast/myofibroblast, congenital or acquired immune cells, vascular network with endothelial cells and pericytes, mastocytes, macrophages, leukocytes and adipocytes, all together incorporated in the extracellular matrix. Each neoplasm produces its own unique microenvironment where the tumor grows and modifies. Although most of the cells of the host in the stroma have compulsory tumor suppressor ability, the stroma is changing during the malignant process and it even promotes growth, invasion and metastasis. Genetic changes that occur during the development of the cancer, which are guided by the malignant cells lead to changes in the stroma of the host that will overtake it and adjust it to their own needs. In the early stages of the tumor development and invasion, the basal membrane is degraded and the stroma becomes active and contains an increased number of fibroblasts, inflammatory infiltrate and newly composed capillaries which come into direct contact with the tumor cells. These changes lead to cancer invasion. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE CONJUCTIVA-CASE REPORT(Faculty of Medicine, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, 2022-08-31); Pandilov, StefanPresentation of a patientwith a squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva on his left eye A 83-year –old man with a squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva was examined and treated at the University Eye Clinic in Skopje, by the ophthalmologist,after anophthalmological examination and observationin the small countryside-ophthalmology department for a year. Nearthe temporal limbus at 3 o’clock there was present nodous and white tumorous lesion around 1,4 cm. weathwith elevation from the eye surface of 0,5 cm.Around the tumor there was local vascularization. External photographs weretakento document the lesion. The excision biopsywas performed. Topical antibiotic-steroid combination of eye drops wasapplied 3 times daily for 4 weeks after the primary excision of tumor. The diagnosis was pathohistologically confirmed at the Institute of Pathology in Skopje.Primary excision biopsy is preferably therapyand treatment. Also the primary excision biopsy is a golden standard for proper diagnosis for small squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva.