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    Non-ampullary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the small intestine unmasked by persistent anemia: A Case Report
    (Liga-Inform, Ltd., 2026-02-23)
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    Jankoski D
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    Kutanoski D
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    Kostovska, Irena
    Non-ampullary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the small intestine unmasked by persistent anemia: A Case Report
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    PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH MISSED ABORTION
    (Македонско лекарско друштво = Macedonian medical association, 2025-09)
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    Jasmina Chelebieva
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    Bekim Dika
    Introduction: Miscarriage (abortion), 85% of which may happen during the first trimester, is one of the most common adverse pregnancy outcomes. Almost half of miscarriages are a consequence of chromosomal abnormalities. The risk factors include advanced maternal age, comorbidities (obesity, diabetes, hypertension), previous miscarriages, smoking and inappropriate nutritional status. Anaemia is the most prominent haematological abnormality during gestation and it is a global health problem affecting nearly half of all pregnant women. Anaemia has been linked to a higher risk of adverse outcomes, including maternal mortality, stillbirth, preterm births, small-for-gestational-age (SGA). World Health Organization has defined anaemia in pregnancy as the haemoglobin (Hgb) concentration of less than 110g/L. The primary cause of anemia during pregnancy is iron deficiency secondary to chronic inadequate dietary intake and menstruation, heightened by the physiologic demands of the fetus and maternal blood volume expansion during pregnancy. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of anemia in women with missed abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy, who are not bleeding. Material and methods: In 80 patients with missed abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy, we determined the level of Hgb in capillary blood. Results: In 31 women (38,8%), we detected anemia (the level of Hgb below 110g/L), and 7 of them (8,8% of the total number of women) had a severe anemia with Hgb levels below 90 g/L. As pregnancy progresses, we expect this prevalence to increase. Conclusion: We want to emphasize that a large percentage of women are anemic even preconceptually and early in pregnancy, so if it is not detected and treated, the severity of anemia worsens as the pregnancy progresses.
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    ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY AND RISK FACTORS
    (Македонско лекарско друштво = Macedonian medical association, 2025-09)
    Aleksandar Nakov
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    Bekim Dika
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    Introduction: During pregnancy, there is a “dilution” of hemoglobin concentration due to the increase in plasma volume. Iron and folic acid are necessary for the development of the fetus and are transported to it, so the mother can develop anemia due to their deficiency. Anemia affects 36% of pregnant women worldwide. Of those affected, about 40% are due to iron deficiency. Iron is an essential micronutrient involved in vital processes such as erythropoiesis, immune responses, and during pregnancy in the development of the placenta and fetus. The aim of our research was to determine the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy as well as the influence of certain risk factors: age, body mass index - BMI, parity and history of taking iron supplements. Material and methods: A blood count was performed in 100 patients in the third trimester of pregnancy in order to determine the hemoglobin concentration. The patients' body weight and height (to determine BMI) were measured and data were collected about age, number of previous births, and whether they were taking iron supplements. Results: Anemia (hemoglobin level below 110g/L) was present in 42.1% of pregnant women. Anemia was significantly common in women with ≥3 births and in those not taking iron supplements. Statistically insignificant anemia was more common in women under 25 years of age and in those with a BMI below 20. Conclusion: The results of the study showed the importance of regular controls of hemoglobin levels as well as the significance of iron supplementation during pregnancy, when the needs for this element are significantly higher.
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    Association Between the Polymorphism of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene and Interleukin-1 Beta Gene and the Response to Erythropoietin Therapy in Dialysis Patients with Anemia
    (Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2023-12)
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    Eftimovska-Otovikj, Natasha
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    The polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b) gene could be associated with resistance in the treatment of anemia in dialysis patients with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO). The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between the polymorphism of the ACE and IL-1b genes and the response to rHuEPO therapy in dialysis patients with anemia.
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    Gastric metastasis from high-grade soft tissue sarcoma: a rare occurrence with literature review
    (Oxford University Press and JSCR Publishing Ltd, 2025-03-15)
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    Angelovska, Tamara
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    Adem, Xhem
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    Todorova, Teodora
    Metastasis of high-grade soft tissue sarcoma to the stomach is an extremely rare occurrence. While sarcomas can spread to distant organs,they most commonly metastasize to the lungs,liver,and bones.We report a unique case of gastric metastasis from a high-grade soft tissue sarcoma,occurring 4 years after the initial diagnosis of fibrosarcoma in the right femoral region.The patient did not undergo adjuvant chemotherapy and developed a large soft tissue metastasis in the left gluteal region 2 years later. After 4 years, he presented with a second soft tissue metastasis and suspected metastatic lung nodules. Symptoms of melena and severe anemia prompted a gastroscopic examination, which revealed gastric metastasis from a high-grade soft tissue sarcoma. Due to severe anemia, a palliative gastric resection was performed.A review of the literature indicates that metastatic leiomyosarcomas are the most frequently reported sarcoma subtype metastasizing to the stomach.
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    Anemia,renal impairment and intrahospital mortality in acute worsening chronic heart failure patients
    (2014-06)
    Bojovski Ivica
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    Caparovska Emilija
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    Pocesta Bekim
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    Shehu Enes
    im of the study: To analyze the impact of anemia and renal impairment on in-hospital mortality(IHD), in patients with acute worsening chronic heart failure. Methods: 232 randomly selected patients with symptoms of HF were retrospectively analyzed. Analyzed variables: gender, age, risk factors and co-morbidities: HTA, HLP, DM, COPD, CAD, PVD, CVD, anemia(defined as Hgb ≤10mg/dl), renal failure. Measured variables: systolic and diastolic BP, Hgb, sodium, BUN, creatinine, length of hospital stay and IHD. Comparative analysis was performed between patients with in-hospital mortality(IHD) and survivors, as a function of anemia and renal impairment. Statistical analysis: descriptive and comparative analysis, t-test, Chi square, univariate (binary logistic and linear regression and multivariate linear regression(stepwise backward). Results: Mean age 69.6±11.4, 102(44%)females and 130(56%) males, with females being significantly older 72.6±12.5 vs. 67.7±10.2(p=0.002), with significantly higher SBP, DBP and sodium level (p=0.003; 0.002 and 0.028 respectively), and males having HTA more often OR 1.3; p=0.017. Mean hospital stay was 6.8±5.8 days, with significant difference between IHD and non IHD group(7.9±4.5 vs. 3.8±7.9; p=0.000), with the highest mortality during the first (37.3%) and second hospital day (44.1%). 44 pts.(19%) had anemia, 31(13.4%) had known Chronic Renal Failure(CRF), and 59(25.4%) had IHD. Anemia was significantly associated with IHD (Chi square 6,36, sig 0.012, Exp B 2.48, sig 0.010), meaning pts. with anemia had 2,5 times greater risk for IHD. CRF per se, was not associated with IHD. Univariate linear regression identified creatinine(R square .032, beta .180, sig 0.006), and BUN(R square .034, beta .184, sig 0.005), as predictors of IHD. Multivariate stepwise regression model(anemia, HRF, Hgb, BUN, creatinine, sodium) at step 3(mean square .799, sig 0.002), identified two independent predictors Hgb(beta -.148, sig 0.028), and BUN(beta .163, sig 0.055). Multivariate model that included other known predictors of IHD(EF%, SBP, DBP, HRF, CAD, anemia, Hgb, BUN, creatinine, sodium) at step 8(mean square 1.537, sig 0.000), identified four independent predictors: EF%(beta -.204, sig 0.002), SBP(beta -.130, sig 0.052) as markers of systolic dysfunction and again anemia(Exp B 2.2.06, sig 0.041), and BUN(beta .200, sig 0.002). Conclusion: Anemia and renal impairment are well known comorbidities associated with HF that have great impact on course of HF. We confirmed that anemia and BUN, are significantly independent predictors of in hospital mortality in acute worsening CHF
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    Multiple myeloma related anemia treated with erythropetin
    (Turkish Society of Hematology, 2005)
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    Aleksandar Stojanovic
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    Nikola Siljanovski
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    Liljana Hadzi-Pecova
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    Erythropoetin in the treatment of multiple myeloma related anemia
    (European Hematology Association, 2004)
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    T. Smilevska
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    M. Lozance
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    Red Blood Cell Variables in Children and Adolescents regarding the Age and Sex
    (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2019-04)
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    Serjoza Gontarev
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    Daniela Shukova Stojmanova
    Background: This study aimed to assess the basic red blood cell variables and hematological indices in children and adolescents and analyze the differences regarding age and sex. Methods: Overall, 320 young participants, age 8 to 18 years, were enrolled at Laboratory of sport’s medicine, Medical Faculty, Skopje during the 2016. Capillary blood samples were drawn and following hematologic parameters were measured: the red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit level (Hct) and hematological indexes: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean hemoglobin concentration (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RDW). Results: RBC variables in male group showed high statistical level of significance between age different groups (P=0.001) for all studied parameters except MCHC (P=0.423) and RDW (P=0.174). ANOVA test and multivariate tests in female group showed that there was no significant difference for all hematological parameters between age different groups. Regarding the sex differences, male participants had significantly higher red blood count (P<0.001), hemoglobin content (P<0.001) and hematocrit (P<0.001). Conclusion: Hematological parameters in adolescent as inhomogeneous population are not quantified sufficiently, especially hematological indices. RBC variables, regardless of the age, differ very much between male and female subjects, in favor of the male subjects. Hematological indices were insignificantly higher in males. Regarding the age RBC variables showed significant inter-groups differences only within male adolescents. While with girls, ages span 8 to 18 yr, we did not find significant differences for most of the hematological variables.