Faculty of Medicine
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Item type:Publication, DIAGNOSIS OF OVARIAN TORSION(Македонско лекарско друштво = Macedonian medical association, 2025-04); Ognenoska, BiljanaOvarian torsion is a rare but serious condition in young children, often presenting with nonspecific symptoms, leading to diagnostic delays. It is an uncommon but urgent condition in pediatric patients which arises from partial or complete twisting of the ovary and/or fallopian tube, leading to vascular compromise. Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent irreversible ovarian damage. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH ULTRASONOGRAPHICALLY DETECTED ENDOMETRIAL POLYP(Македонско лекарско друштво = Macedonian medical association, 2025-09); ; Ivan KoprivnjakIntroduction. Endometrial polyps are defined as the excess hyperplastic growth of endometrial glands and stroma within the uterine cavity. They vary in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. Polyps may be found as a single lesion or multiple lesions filling the entire endometrial cavity. Endometrial polyps may be diagnosed at all ages but the highest incidence is between 40 - 49 years of age. They are considered benign but there is a small risk of malignant transformation. Thе aim of this study is to determine the correlation between the ultrasound findings of endometrial polyp and the histopathological reports. Material and methods. We analized a total of 140 histopathological reports from patients who underwent fractionated explorative curettage or hysteroscopy due to ultrasonographically diagnosed endometrial polyps. The histopathological findings showed that in 112 (80%) the diagnosis of endometrial polyp was confirmed and 78 of these were hyperplastic polyps (69.6% of the total number of endometrial polyps), 5 polyps with atypical hyperplasia (4.5%), 1 (0.9%) malignant polyp (adenocarcinoma), 5 senile polyps (4,5%). Endocervical or isthmicocervical polyp were diagnosed in 12 patients (8.6%). The remaining 28 patients (20%) had these findings: simplex endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (6 patients), complex endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (1), complex endometrial hyperplasia with atypia (1 patient), submucosal myoma (3), adenomyoma (1), prolonged and inadequate estrogen action (8), deficient secretory phase (3), chronic cervicitis (3), and normal endometrium in 2 patients. Conclusion: Transvaginal ultrasound is the first line of investigation while evaluating the endometrium. Its accuracy is limited in the diagnosis of focal endometrial lesions, so the further investigation is needed. Hysteroscopy is the gold standard for accurate evaluation of intracavitary pathology like submucous fibroid, polyps or anomalies. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, MULTIPLE CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS AS AN INDICATION FOR MEDICAL ABORTION(Macedonian Medical Association = Македонско лекарско друштво, 2025-04); ; - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Use of ultrasound in pregnancy -opportunities and challenges for assessment of neurological development(AD ZEGIN, 2024-11-13)Advances in ultrasound technology and development of 4d have enabled evaluation of fetal movement and facial expressions in fetus.The purpouse of this test is to observe tne intrauterine neurological behavior of the fetus to predict developemnetal disorders. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Value of ultrasound and MR imaging in diagnosis of tubular ectasia of rete testis.(Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis Galaksijanis Nis, 2023-09-21); ; - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ULTRASOUND AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FOR THE EARLY DETECTION OF CRYPTORCHIDISM IN CHILDREN AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ORCHIDOPEXY FINDINGS(Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2024-05-02); ; ; ; Objective: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting cryptorchidism in pediatric patients and to compare these imaging modalities with classic orchidopexy findings. Materials and Methods: Conducted between 2018 and 2019 at the PHI University Institute of Radiology - Skopje in collaboration with the PHI Clinic for Children's Surgery at the Mother Teresa University Clinical Centre - Skopje, this cross-sectional study included pediatric patients up to 14 years old with suspected cryptorchidism. B-mode ultrasound and MRI, including DW-MRI sequences, were employed for localization of undescended testes. These imaging findings were compared with those obtained from classic orchidopexy, serving as the gold standard. Results: A total of 41 male pediatric patients (≤14 years old) with suspected cryptorchidism were enrolled, with a mean age of 6.76±3.74 years. MRI demonstrated superior detection and visualization of undescended testes compared to ultrasound. Specifically, MRI significantly improved the preoperative diagnostic accuracy, especially in localizing non-palpable undescended testes, when compared to ultrasound. Conclusion: The findings suggest that MRI is more effective than ultrasound in detecting undescended testes in pediatric patients. Furthermore, MRI enhances the preoperative diagnostic accuracy, particularly in localizing non-palpable undescended testes, thereby potentially serving as a recommended imaging modality for this purpose. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, A NEGLECTED CASE OF ANENCEPHALY(Macedonian medical association /De Gruyter, 2022); ; ; Introduction. Anencephaly is a neural tube defect (NTD) that occurs when the cephalic end of the neural tube fails to close. With five cases per 10,000 births, it is the second most common NTD worldwide. Case report. A 23-year-old woman with third pregnancy was hospitalized at the Pathological pregnancy department, University Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology in Skopje. Her pregnancy course had been irregularly controlled, without taking any folic acid in preconception or in the first trimester. The patient had not attended PRISCA 1 or 2, vaginal smear or microbiological examination, ultrasound examination or other obstetric examination of any kind up until her 20th week of pregnancy. The very screening of fetal structural anomalies showed acrania and anencephaly. Termination of pregnancy had been suggested, nonetheless the patient had decided to carry on with the pregnancy. After passing her term, she underwent induction of labor. Vaginal delivery was without any complications. The infant was in a clinically difficult condition, with hypotony, cyanosis and major congenital absence of the cranial bones. Regardless of the post-partum palliative treatment, the newborn died at H23 of life. Conclusion. The root of the possibilities of early detection of anencephaly, detailed examination and opportunity for optimal perinatal management lays in the sonographic technology and its advances. That aside, as physicians, we had to respect our patient's decision to take any desired action considering her circumstances. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Landmark versusu ultrasound –guided subclavian central venous cathetirization with a combinated short and long axis approach in an intensive care setting(Македонско лекарско друштво = Macedonian Medical Association, 2017); Nikolova Todorova ZIntroduction. Central venous catheterization of the subclavian vein can be achieved with a landmark and an ultrasound-guided method. Using ultrasound the vein can be catheterized with a long axis in plane or a short axis out of plane approach and a combined approach. The aim of the study was to compare the success, average number of attempts and mechanical compli- cation rate between the landmark and the combined ultrasound-guided method. Methods. A total of 162 adult patients from the Intensive Care Unit at Clinical Hospital Acibadem-Sistina, Skopje were included in this prospective study. Patients rando- mized in the examined group (n=71) were catheterized with real-time ultrasound guidance with a combined short axis out of plane and long axis in plane method. Patients randomized in the control group (n=91) were catheterized with the landmark method. Subclavian vein was catheterized in both groups. Overall success, success on first attempt, number of attempts and complications at the moment of catheterization were the main outcome measures. Results. Catheterization using the landmark method was successful in 94.5% of patients, 65.9% of which during the first attempt. Cannulation using real-time ultrasound guidance was successful in all patients with a first pas success of 83.1%. Conclusion. Real-time ultrasound guidance with a combined short axis out of plane and long axis in plane approach improves success, decreases number of attempts, and reduces mechanical complications rate. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Comparative analysis of ultrasound guided central venous catheterization compared to blind cateterisation.(Македонска академија на науките и уметностите, Одделение за медицински науки = Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Section of Medical Sciences/ Sciendo, 2017); Nikolova Todorova Zintroduction: Central venous catheterization is performed by the landmark method and ultrasound guided meth- od. The purpose of the study was to compare the success, average number of attempts, average time to return of blood, and complication rate between the two methods. Material and Methods: This was a prospective study done in the Intensive Care Unit of the Acibadem Sistina Clinical Hospital, in Skopje. There were 400 patients in need of central venous catheter and they were prospectively randomized in two groups. The patients randomized in the examined-ultrasound group underwent real-time ultrasound-guided catheterization and the patients randomized in the control-landmark group were catheterized using the landmark method. Internal Jugular, Subclavian and Femoral vein were catheterized in both groups. The Overall success, success on the first attempt, time to the return of blood, number of attempts and complications at the moment of catheterization such as arterial puncture, pneumothorax and hematoma formation were the main outcome measures. results: The catheterization using the landmark method was successful in 90.5% of patients, 60.5% of which during the first attempt. The cannulation using real-time ultrasound guidance was success- ful in 98% of patients with a first pass success of 77%. The complication rate with the landmark method was 14.5% versus 4% with real-time ultrasound guidance p<0.05(p=0.0008). conclusion: Real-time ultrasound guidance improves success, decreases number of attempts, decreases average time to the return of blood and reduces mechanical complications rate - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Ultrasound assessment of the adrenal glands magnitude in relation to the visceral body fat distribution in obese women(Sievert Association, 2021-09); ; ;