"Blaze Koneski" Faculty of Philology

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    Item type:Publication,
    Investigating Political Discourse. Theoretical and Practical Approaches
    (Macedonian Science Society, Bitola, 2023)
    Neshkovska, Silvana
    ;
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    Investigating Media Discourse. Theoretical and Practical Approaches
    (Macedonian Science Society, Bitola, 2023)
    Trajkova, Strezovska Zorica
    ;
    Neshkovska, Silvana
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    Persuasive Strategies Employed in Political Discourse for Resolving the ‘To Get or not to Get Vaccinated’ Dilemma
    (Teacher, Faculty of Education-Bitola, 2022-11)
    Neshkovska, Silvana
    ;
    In 2020 the pandemic-stricken world saw a glimmer of hope as a number of vaccines against the Covid-19 virus were discovered. However, the vaccination was not welcomed enthusiastically by everyone, despite constant appeals of authorities worldwide that the vaccination was safe and efficient. The aim of the research, which has a qualitative paradigm, was to conduct a pragmatic analysis of a corpus of pro-vaccination speeches, made by prominent politicians, in the second half of 2021. The stress was put on inspecting politicians’ position towards the vaccination process in their respective countries; the provaccination arguments they used to make their statements more persuasive, and how they addressed the vaccinated and unvaccinated people in terms of what speech acts (Searle,1976), politeness maxims (Leech, 1983) and strategies (Brown and Levinson, 1987) they employed to reach out to them. The findings suggest that politicians’ persuasion efforts were in close correlation with the vaccination rate and that they rested on both the ‘loss’ and ‘gain’ frame; the varying of the speech acts with which the vaccinated and unvaccinated people were addressed; a strategic use of the positive, negative, bold on record and off record politeness strategies, as well as intermittent obeyance and disobeyance of politeness maxims.
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    Vaccine Mandates: Deepening the Rift Between Polarized Ideology on Social Media
    (Faculty of Philology "Blaze Koneski", Skopje, 2022-12)
    Trajkova, Strezovska Zorica
    ;
    Neshkovska, Silvana
    Facing the consequences of one of the most deadly waves of the Covid-19 pandemic towards the end of 2021, the political authorities all over the world struggled to persuade people to get as massively vaccinated as possible, using rhetoric which ranged from threats to even begging. Focusing on the vaccine hesitancy by certain populations, most governments have started to impose a vaccine mandate for all citizens, which resulted in eruption of protests across a number of European, Australian and American cities. Consequently, the intolerance of “the other”, either vaccinated or unvaccinated, has risen among social media users. By combining the methods of critical discourse and pragmatic analysis, this research attempts to investigate the main pro and con argumentation of social media users (Macedonian and English) made in the comment threads of posted online news on mandatory vaccination. The detailed discursive analysis of the samples reveals that fear, triggered by threat as well as risk, is what justifies both sides’ attitude and reasoning.
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    Rhetorical Violence in Political Discourse and its Implications
    (Faculty of Law - Kicevo, University “St. Kliment Ohridski” – Bitola, Center for Scientific Research at the Faculty of Law – Kicevo, 2020)
    Neshkovska, Silvana
    ;
    Political discourse, in the name of democracy and freedom of speech, at times, obtains very harsh overtones, especially, when the stakes for politicians are high. The primary targets of politicians’ abusive language are their political opponents, but, sometimes, some vulnerable categories of people become the recipients of this vilifying language as well. Stemming from authority figures, hate speech seems to have the capacity to spread like wildfire, and to bruise societies deeply. The aim of the paper is to underscore that hate speech has become an integral part of political discourse nowadays, despite the legislative implemented and the general condemnation it receives. The paper presents a number of instances of rhetorical violence generated from contemporary high-profile politicians worldwide and their targets. In an attempt to raise awareness of its destructive power when springing in the domain politics, this research also looks into the implications that it usually incurs.
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    Coronavirus–inspired Metaphors in Political Discourse
    (Thesis, Kolegji AAB, 2020-12)
    Neshkovska, Silvana
    ;
    In the face of the great danger posed by the Covid-19 pandemic, political leaders worldwide, speaking from a position of authority, delivered carefully crafted televised speeches and press conferences, intended to inform the public about the pandemic, its implications and the preventive restrictions they were imposing. The main objective of this paper is to investigate how politicians used language, particularly metaphors, when talking about and interpreting the newly created situation with the Covid-19 pandemic. For the purposes of this study a corpus was compiled of coronavirus-related speeches delivered by several key world political figures – Boris Johnson, Donald Trump, Angela Merkel, and Emanuel Macron. The speeches were delivered on a timeline from March to May 2020, i.e. the period that saw the inception, the peak and the gradual withdrawal of the first ‘wave’ of the coronavirus in Europe and the United States. A contrastive analysis of the speeches was carried out in order to detect similarities and differences in the use of metaphors on the part of the politicians, at the three specific time points of the pandemic’s trajectory. The final aim was to ascertain whether any correlation existed between the use of metaphoric language and the outcome of the pandemic, i.e. how people reacted and whether they followed the politicians’ instructions and recommendations. The analysis showed that a range of different metaphors permeated the analysed political speeches; however, the war metaphor presenting the pandemic as a fight against a deadly and invisible enemy was the most persistent one. The usage of war metaphor was particularly frequent during the peak of the pandemic but the results suggests that it had no real bearing on the outcome of the pandemic, i.e. people’s response to politicians’ calls for caution and obedience to the preventative measures.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Hate Speech On Social Media Over The Macedonia Naming Dispute
    (Blaže Koneski Faculty of Philology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje., 2019)
    Neshkovska, Silvana
    ;
    The paper offers a critical discourse and pragmatic analysis of a corpus of hateful Facebook comments of Macedonian citizens over the Macedonia naming dispute, collected immediately after the name change was officially endorsed in the Parliament. The analysis first attempts to unveil who the hateful political discourse in the given socio-political context is directed at, what roles the commenters assume, what speech acts the hateful posts are predominantly composed of (e.g. assertive, directives, expressives, commissives), as well as what kind of negative lexis and rhetorical tropes are employed by the commenters. The main aim of the research is to unveil the main features of hateful comments through detailed language analysis as they could be easily detected and extracted from social media. The results show that social media have influenced the traditional pattern of communication by introducing a more interactive and participative type of communication. Social media users employ them to direct verbal assaults not only at fellow citizens, but also at political figures, journalists, diplomats and other officials, assuming roles of analysts and judges who mostly use assertive and expressive speech acts, ingrained with a variety of negative lexis and rhetorical figures intended to reinforce their negative stance.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Strategies of Legitimisation and Delegitimisation in Selected American Presidential Speeches
    (Vilnius University Press, 2019)
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    Neshkovska, Silvana
    Politicians invest a lot of time and effort to win elections and present themselves in the best possible manner. They use language strategies to present and legitimise themselves as the right choice. And if they are the right choice, then their opponent is obviously not, so while they are trying to acclaim themselves and their political party, they use strategies to delegitimise and attack their opponents and the policy they represent. This paper aims to conduct a critical discourse analysis of the speeches of the two main political opponents in the last elections in the USA, Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton. The research gives an insight into the manipulative function of language and covers two aspects: the lexical-semantic and pragmatic aspect and is based on the supposition that the strategies politicians use while talking about themselves and describing their opponents differ. As expected, they use more positive terminology to talk about themselves and their policies, and negative terminology to criticise the opponent’s policy. They also employ different pragmatic strategies, such as intensifiers and inclusive pronouns, to involve the audience into the discourse and convince them in their arguments. Finally, although carried out on a relatively small corpus, the analysis gives an insight into the language techniques employed by politicians to legitimise themselves and delegitimise their opponent and thus win the elections.
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    Verbal Irony as a Communicative Mode of Persuasion
    (London College of United Knowledge Press, 2018-10)
    Neshkovska, Silvana
    ;
    The general pervasiveness of politics in modern society renders political discourse susceptible to analysis by many different profiles of researchers, especially linguists. This particular paper attempts to shed light on the usage of verbal irony in political discourse. The premise we put forward here is that politicians in their political speeches purposefully employ irony in order to enhance the persuasiveness of their speech. Moreover, we believe that the enhancement of persuasiveness is in a direct correlation with the pragmatic functions of verbal irony. To put it differently, 'seasoning' political speeches with ironic statements which evoke either humor; or express mild ridicule, or harsh criticism at the expense of the political opponent, is what makes them truly persuasive. The corpus compiled for the purposes of this research comprises political speeches delivered by American politicians in the course of the 2016 U.S. presidential race. The results obtained primarily confirm the relatively high incidence of verbal irony in political speeches; then, they also point to the relatively high degree of persuasion attached to irony in general and its association mainly with expressing mild ridicule and harsh criticism.
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    Item type:Publication,
    The Making of English: Where It had been and Where It is headed
    (Faculty of Education-Bitola, 2018-05)
    Neshkovska, Silvana
    ;
    Linguists concerned with diachronic research of English have established several main periods of development of the English language: Old–English (450-1100); Middle English (1100-1500) and Modern English which is further subdivided into Early Modern English (1500-1700) and Late Modern English (1700 - ). The aim of the paper is to explore the most important social, political and cultural factors that marked all these three major periods, as they undoubtedly exerted heavy influence on the making of today’s English. In fact, the paper attempts to follow closely the intricate and extraordinary story of the development and evolution of the English language since its inception to date. It traces some of the major ups and downs of the language and their correlation with particular historic events primarily (but not exclusively) from Britain’s great and turbulent historic past and present. The paper tries to demonstrate how all of that has been manifestly reflected in the language at various levels – pronunciation, morpho-syntax, lexis, and spelling.