Pavlovski, Goran

Preferred name

Pavlovski, Goran

Official Name

Pavlovski, Goran

Main Affiliation

goran.pavlovski@medf.ukim.edu.mk

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Reliable and durable Golgi staining of brain tissue from human autopsies and experimental animals
(Elsevier BV, 2014-06-15)
Rosoklija, Gorazd B
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Petrushevski, Vladimir M
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Dika, Ani
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Golgi stains are notoriously capricious, particularly when applied to human brain. The well-known difficulties, which include complete failure of impregnation, patchy staining, unstable staining, and extensive crystalline deposits in superficial sections, have discouraged many from attempting to use these techniques. A reliable method that produces uniform impregnation in tissue from human autopsies and experimental animals is needed.
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Comparative study of two dna extraction methods in different tissues and conditions of degradation
(Elsevier BV, 2015-12)
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Air gun injury with deadly aftermath – Case report
(Elsevier BV, 2013-01)
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Muric, Nedzat
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Dwork, Andrew J.
In Republic of Macedonia the use of air guns is quite widespread. They are used mainly for target practice. They are regulated by the Law of Arms, where they are defined as pneumatic weapons. There is no legal limit on type or quantity of ammunition that one may possess. Our Institute performs at least 90% of the forensic autopsies in Macedonia. In this report we describe the only fatality by pneumatic weapon to come to our attention over the past 10 years. A 6-year-old girl was accidentally wounded by her brother when he and his father were trying a new air gun, a 4.5 mm single shot, break barrel, spring piston air rifle manufactured in China under the brand ‘‘Westlake’’. She died within minutes. Autopsy showed cardiac tamponade due to penetration of the aorta. A 0.5 g metal projectile, 4.5 mm in diameter, with a pointed, conical shape, was recovered from the pericardial sac.
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Blood Vessels and Perivascular Phagocytes of Prefrontal White and Gray Matter in Suicide
(Oxford University Press (OUP), 2019-01-01)
Schnieder, Tatiana P
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Zhou Qin, Isaiah D
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Trencevska-Ivanovska, Iskra
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Rosoklija, Gorazd
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Inflammatory processes may contribute to psychiatric disorders and suicide. Earlier, we reported greater densities of perivascular phagocytes in dorsal prefrontal white matter (DPFWM) in suicide than in non-suicide deaths. To distinguish between greater vascularity and greater coverage of vessels by perivascular phagocytes, and to determine whether the excess of perivascular phagocytes is derived from microglia or from non-parenchymal immune cells, we made stereological estimates of vascular surface area density (AVTOTAL) by staining for glucose transporter Glut-1, and the fraction of vascular surface area (AF) immunoreactive (IR) for CD163 (CD163 AF) in dorsal and ventral prefrontal white and gray matter. Manner of death or psychiatric diagnosis showed no association with CD163 AF in any region. Suicide was associated with a lower AVTOTAL compared with non-suicides in DPFWM (p = 0.018) but not with AVTOTAL in the 3 other regions of interest. Thus, the earlier observation of increased density of perivascular phagocytes in DPFWM after suicide cannot be attributed to infiltration by peripheral monocytes or to increased vascularity. Greater AVTOTAL ventrally than dorsally (p = 0.002) was unique to suicide and white matter.
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INFORMED CONSENT IN GENETIC REASEARCH
(Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2023)
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Recognizing the ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) of genetic testing becomes crucial for physicians in the face of complex medical issues, as they are increasingly expected to counsel their patients regarding the medical, psychological, and social responses arising from genetic information. Genetic medicine, with its extreme complexity and the potential repercussions on an individual's life, raises important questions in the ethical, deontological, and legal realms of medicine, playing a primary role in personalized medicine. The aim of this paper is to underscore the significance of informed consent and to provide insights into the ethical procedures associated with genetic testing.
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Consent form, the highest ethical standard in creating DNA databases for criminal investigation
(Elsevier BV, 2022-12)
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Donevska-Stefanov, Pavlinka
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Janevski, Robert
Preparation of DNA databases for the purpose of criminal investigation opens discussions about ethical-legal issues concerning violation of human rights. The practice shows that one of the human rights that can be misused while creating such a database is the right to freedom, the freedom to make a decision. When preparing DNA databases, the right to freedom refers to free decision of the person to be sampled for carrying out the test. The right to freedom and respect to self-determination of the person implies the necessity of prior consent of the subject when preparing a database on general population level. This is not a case when databases are created from persons under investigation for committing a crime, who are compulsory subjected for obtaining samples for DNA analysis. Legal regulations approve the duty of the police and its authorization in collecting samples for personal or criminalistic identification, analyzing, keeping and eliminating collected personal information when criminal prosecution is concerned. In these cases, consent form from the subject is not necessary. However, we should be aware that the process of taking and collecting of personal information by the national institutions can have direct impact of privacy of the subject, no matter if this information is going to be used or not. In purpose of fair balance between public and private interest, consent form can be redefined and the person from whom the biological material is provided will be unequivocally made aware of the purposes for which his genetic data will be used, how long his DNA will undergo further automated processing, and about the procedure and under what conditions his DNA profile can be removed from the national DNA databases.
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TIME-DEPENDENT EXPRESSION OF IL-1β mRNA - A PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR POSSIBLE WOUND AGE MARKER
(Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2023)
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Siamkouri, Rosica
Accurate estimation of wound age is a very important task in forensic medicine field, because it can helps in reconstruction of crime scene. IL-1β is proinflamatory cytokine and plays a major role in wound healing process. The aim of the study is to develop a method for the reliable estimation of dermal injury age. In this study the expression of IL-1β mRNA was evaluated by real-time PCR at skin human wounds with different post-injuried period. We collected 27 human skin wound samples from forensic autopsy cases at our Institute. In our study were include samples from lacerations, incised wounds and stab wounds, with a known time of injury and death. Wound samples were divided into five groups: control group (n=5); first group consisted of cases with immediate death (n=7); second group consisted of cases with survival from 1 hour to 6 hours (n=5); the third group comprised cases with survival from 6 hours to 72 hours (n=3); the fourth group comprised cases with survival from 72 hours to 168 hours (n=7). In this study we detected increased expression levels of IL-1 β mRNA in the second group with survival time from 1 to 6 hours.
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Drug-related deaths linked with concomitant use of methadone and benzodiazepines in the period between 2011 and 2015 in the Republic of Macedonia
(Macedonian Pharmaceutical Association, 2016)
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Measurement-oriented deep-learning workflow for improved segmentation of myelin and axons in high-resolution images of human cerebral white matter
(Elsevier BV, 2019-10)
Janjic, Predrag
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Petrovski, Kristijan
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Dolgoski, Blagoja
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Smiley, John
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Background: Standard segmentation of high-contrast electron micrographs (EM) identifies myelin accurately but does not translate easily into measurements of individual axons and their myelin, even in cross-sections of parallel fibers. We describe automated segmentation and measurement of each myelinated axon and its sheath in EMs of arbitrarily oriented human white matter from autopsies. New methods: Preliminary segmentation of myelin, axons and background by machine learning, using selected filters, precedes automated correction of systematic errors. Final segmentation is done by a deep neural network (DNN). Automated measurement of each putative fiber rejects measures encountering pre-defined artifacts and excludes fibers failing to satisfy pre-defined conditions. Results: Improved segmentation of three sets of 30 annotated images each (two sets from human prefrontal white matter and one from human optic nerve) is achieved with a DNN trained only with a subset of the first set from prefrontal white matter. Total number of myelinated axons identified by the DNN differed from expert segmentation by 0.2%, 2.9%, and -5.1%, respectively. G-ratios differed by 2.96%, 0.74% and 2.83%. Intraclass correlation coefficients between DNN and annotated segmentation were mostly>0.9, indicating nearly interchangeable performance. Comparison with existing method(s): Measurement-oriented studies of arbitrarily oriented fibers from central white matter are rare. Published methods are typically applied to cross-sections of fascicles and measure aggregated areas of myelin sheaths and axons, allowing estimation only of average g-ratio. Conclusions: Automated segmentation and measurement of axons and myelin is complex. We report a feasible approach that has so far proven comparable to manual segmentation.
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Forensic DNA analysis in the identification of human remains in mass graves
(2010)
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Biljana Janeska
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Routine techniques are often insufficient to address the identification of human remains in mass graves. The major complicating factors include delayed exhumation, commingling of skeletal remains, lack of ante-mortem information and attempts to conceal evidence of criminal activity. We have elaborated a study on two mass graves that contained partly fragmented commingled remains from the ethnic conflicts that took place in 2001 in the Republic of Macedonia. By using DNA typing of autosomal and Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (STR) markers and by making comparisons with samples from parents and siblings we identified all of the victims.

Pavlovski, Goran

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