Индивидуално дизајнирани ноќни протези при естетско-функционална рехабилитација на пациенти со бруксизам

Abstract

Introduction: Bruxism is an occlusal parafunction that can hardly be placed in several different categories of parafunctions. In the dictionary of prosthetic terms bruxism is defined as an unconscious habit of oral rhythmic dysfunctional pressing, gnashing and grinding of the teeth when performing movements that are not part of the function of mastication and lead to occlusal trauma. Objective: Is the production of individually designed night dentures аt aesthetic - functional rehabilitation of patients with bruxism. Material and Methods: In this paper 80 patients were diagnosed, monitored, analyzed and treated. They were divided into 2 groups: -40 patients with diagnosed bruxism treated with prosthetic structures and night dentures; -40 patients with bruxism that were not treated (control group). The research was accomplished at the Public Health Organization University Dental Clinical Center „St. Panteleimon“ and for its realisation was agreed by the ethics committee of the Dental Faculty. After the detailed clinical and dental history exact diagnosis was confirmed through paraclinical method using the application apparatus - bruxchecker, individually designed for each patient. Intraoral methods for diagnosing bruxism was applied by measuring the degree of dental abrasion with the index of Smith and Knight. The index by Ramfojrd for gingival inflamation and depth od parodontal pockets was used. Measurement of the occlusal forces of mastication with the application of electric gnatodinamometar individually constructed was performed. Patients were treated with prosthetic constructions suitably. The treatment was followed by creation of individually designed night dentures. Sometimes an indication requires producing night dentures before the prosthetic treatment. Accompanying with them laser treatments were applied as well as alternative treatments (physiotherapy, pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy). They were followed by creating a nutritional plan for this group of patients. Therapists need to educate patients about the need to avoid everyday stress through the application of measurements for relaxation. Results and Discussion: Patients treated with prosthetic devices and individually designed night dentures have unchanged indexes by Smith and Knight, as well as Ramfjord. The values measured by gnatodinamometer have a tendency for reduction of the values. Taking the night dentures in patients with bruxism, prevention and treatment of all participants (except the control group) is provided. This focuses on the complete success and aesthetic - functional rehabilitation of patients. Conclusion: The production of invidually designed night dentures as a new method will contribute in therapists helping patients with diagnosed bruxism.