Ultrasound - Guided Percutaneous Sclerotherapy of Simple Renal Cysts - Five Years Report

Abstract

Introduction. The sclerotherapy is considered a safe and effective treatment of simple renal cysts, usually per- formed by urologists. It was a five-year retrospective report on our tertiary clinical experience with simple renal cysts sclerotherapy performed by nephrologists. Methods. We analyzed the medical histories of patients who underwent sclerotherapy from January 2015 until the end of December 2019 counting overall 23 sessions of sclerotherapy. The method (aspiration or drainage) was chosen according to cyst size and depth. Sclerothe- rapy with 96% alcohol was performed. The cyst size was recorded, and the curative effect was evaluated by the residual cyst volume; over 20% residua in the cyst size was considered as a failed treatment. Patients we- re reexamined by ultrasound at 12-month follow-up, or earlier if symptomatic. Results. The mean age of patients was 58.68±11.08 years and majority of them were females. Most of the cysts [17] induced flank pain, dysregulated hypertension was present in 22% of patients and one have obstructted the urine flow. The mean cyst volume was 540±307.51 ml. All cysts were successfully treated. The mean cyst volume decreased significantly. Concerning the compli- cations, sporadic cases of pain and vomitus occurred du- ring only three treatment procedures. At the follow-up, all patients who suffered from unsatisfactory blood pre- ssure control improved and the hydronephrosis resolved. In five cases there was reoccurrence of a symptomatic cyst, with a need of re-treatment in the follow-up period. Conclusion. Ultrasound-guided aspiration and sclerothe- rapy of simple renal cysts is a safe and effective proce- dure that may be carried out by nephrologists.