Ingestion of corrosive substances and the endoscopic role in assessing the severity of caustic injury
Journal
Gastroenterology Review/Przegląd Gastroenterologiczny
Date Issued
2023
Author(s)
Irena Jurukov
Kristin Kostadinovski
Kiril Naumovski
DOI
10.5114/pg.2023.129415
Abstract
Introduction: The ingestion of caustic substances into the upper gastrointestinal tract is an unusual but potentially
life-threatening problem.
Aim: To evaluate the most commonly ingested corrosive substances, and the endoscopic findings, complications, and final
outcomes of caustic intake.
Material and methods: This cross-sectional study included 220 inpatient participants with corrosive poisonings during
a 3-year period (2017–2019). Data from the national patient electronic system “My term” and from the “Poisoning information
centre” at the University Clinic for Toxicology, Skopje were used. Demographic characteristics, type of corrosive substance, endoscopic findings by Kikendall classification, emerging complications, fatal outcome, and hospitalization were analysed. Data
obtained were analysed with the SPSS software package, version 22.0 for Windows.
Results: During the period 2017–2019, out of 220 hospitalized cases with corrosive substance intake, 132 (60%) were with
ingestion of acids, 19 (8.6%) with bases, 32 (14.6%) with bleaches, and 37 (16.8%) with other household products (p = 0.3469).
The mean age of patients was 49.89 ±19.86 years. The most severe endoscopy findings (high-grade injury) were significantly
more often associated with acid and base ingestion (p = 0.00001). Out of all strictures, 25 (64.1%) were on one location (either
oesophagus or stomach), and 12 (30.8%) were on 2 locations.
Conclusions: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is very important procedure for rapid assessment of severity of caustic injury, early appropriate therapy, as well as the potential development of strictures. The obtained data are very important for the
development of a national program for the prevention of corrosive poisoning in our country.
life-threatening problem.
Aim: To evaluate the most commonly ingested corrosive substances, and the endoscopic findings, complications, and final
outcomes of caustic intake.
Material and methods: This cross-sectional study included 220 inpatient participants with corrosive poisonings during
a 3-year period (2017–2019). Data from the national patient electronic system “My term” and from the “Poisoning information
centre” at the University Clinic for Toxicology, Skopje were used. Demographic characteristics, type of corrosive substance, endoscopic findings by Kikendall classification, emerging complications, fatal outcome, and hospitalization were analysed. Data
obtained were analysed with the SPSS software package, version 22.0 for Windows.
Results: During the period 2017–2019, out of 220 hospitalized cases with corrosive substance intake, 132 (60%) were with
ingestion of acids, 19 (8.6%) with bases, 32 (14.6%) with bleaches, and 37 (16.8%) with other household products (p = 0.3469).
The mean age of patients was 49.89 ±19.86 years. The most severe endoscopy findings (high-grade injury) were significantly
more often associated with acid and base ingestion (p = 0.00001). Out of all strictures, 25 (64.1%) were on one location (either
oesophagus or stomach), and 12 (30.8%) were on 2 locations.
Conclusions: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is very important procedure for rapid assessment of severity of caustic injury, early appropriate therapy, as well as the potential development of strictures. The obtained data are very important for the
development of a national program for the prevention of corrosive poisoning in our country.
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