A case report of fetal spinal meningomyelocella

Journal
ULTRASOUND in Obstetrics & Gynecology
Date Issued
2022-09
Author(s)
Bashkim Ismaili
Dimitar Georgiev
Aleksandar Nakov
Abstract
Neural tube defects are congenital malformations of the CNS
resulting from defective closure of the neural tube during early
embryogenesis between 3rd and 4th week of intrauterine life. It
involves defect in the skull, vertebral column, the spinal cord and
other portion of CNS. It occurs about 1 to 5 per 1000 live births.
Myelomeningocele is most common and severe form of spina bifida
cystica, characterised by protrusion of spinal cord through the open
vertebrae into the amniotic fluid.
We present a case of a 25-year-old pregnant woman who came
into our hospital in the 17th week of pregnancy with characteristic
ultrasound signs for the presence of fetal spina bifida. Lumbosacral
meningomyelocella was present. The anterior part of the head started
to develop ‘‘the lemon sign’’ and cerebellum showed ‘‘the banana
sign’’. Dilated lateral ventricle was also present. There was anamnesis
for folic acid supplementation starting at 6 weeks of gestation. We
performed induction of labour with oxytocine and termination of
this pregnancy. The autopsy report showed the presence of spina
bifida in the lumbosacral region, with a defect of the skin and the
vertebral arches, measuring 1.7 × 1 cm, with protrusion of meninges
and the spinal cord.
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