Molecular survey of infectious bronchitis virus in commercial flocks in Macedonia reveals presence of different genotypes
Date Issued
2016-06
Author(s)
Popova Zagorka
Abstract
Introduction: Preliminary testing of commercial flocks using molecular and
phylogenetic analysis revealed presence of genotypes QX and 4/91 in poultry farms
with clinical signs and in poultry farms without clinical signs. Poultry farms are
performing different vaccination programs without the knowledge of the genotype
of the circulating strains. The purpose of this study was to detect presence of IBV in
commercial flocks in Macedonia by molecular methods and to genotype the detected
strains thus to establish a map of circulating genotypes in the country.
Methods: Molecular survey was performed in 35 poultry farms representative for the
whole territory of the country without clinical signs at different production age as
part of active surveillance for avian influenza. From each farm 30 cloacal swabs were
taken totalling 1050 samples. Samples were pooled by five in the laboratory.
Additionally, samples (oropharyngeal swabs, affected organs) were taken from 15
farms with clinically signs (respiratory signs, drop in egg production, altered eqq
quality) and post-mortem (respiratory, ovary and kidney lesions) findings associated
to IBV. A real-time RT-PCR was performed targeting UTR region on all samples. A
two-step nested RT-PCR was performed on all positive samples with primers targeting
the S1 gene. Genotyping and subsequent phylogenetic analysis was performed by
partial sequencing of the S1 gene region.
Results: Results of the present study revealed presence of following genotypes of
IBV’s circulating in commercial poultry in Macedonia: 4/91, Italy-02, QX, Mass, D274.
This is first report of detection of Italy-02 in Macedonia.
Conclusions: Establishing a map of circulating IBV genotypes will help towards better
optimisation of vaccination protocol of poultry farms and will contribute towards
better understanding of epidemiological situation on a country and regional level.
phylogenetic analysis revealed presence of genotypes QX and 4/91 in poultry farms
with clinical signs and in poultry farms without clinical signs. Poultry farms are
performing different vaccination programs without the knowledge of the genotype
of the circulating strains. The purpose of this study was to detect presence of IBV in
commercial flocks in Macedonia by molecular methods and to genotype the detected
strains thus to establish a map of circulating genotypes in the country.
Methods: Molecular survey was performed in 35 poultry farms representative for the
whole territory of the country without clinical signs at different production age as
part of active surveillance for avian influenza. From each farm 30 cloacal swabs were
taken totalling 1050 samples. Samples were pooled by five in the laboratory.
Additionally, samples (oropharyngeal swabs, affected organs) were taken from 15
farms with clinically signs (respiratory signs, drop in egg production, altered eqq
quality) and post-mortem (respiratory, ovary and kidney lesions) findings associated
to IBV. A real-time RT-PCR was performed targeting UTR region on all samples. A
two-step nested RT-PCR was performed on all positive samples with primers targeting
the S1 gene. Genotyping and subsequent phylogenetic analysis was performed by
partial sequencing of the S1 gene region.
Results: Results of the present study revealed presence of following genotypes of
IBV’s circulating in commercial poultry in Macedonia: 4/91, Italy-02, QX, Mass, D274.
This is first report of detection of Italy-02 in Macedonia.
Conclusions: Establishing a map of circulating IBV genotypes will help towards better
optimisation of vaccination protocol of poultry farms and will contribute towards
better understanding of epidemiological situation on a country and regional level.
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