Virulence genes of Escherichia coli isolates from milk and vaginal swabs of sows associated with post-partum dysgalactia syndrome
Journal
Reproduction in domestic animals
Date Issued
2022-09-28
Author(s)
Branko Angjelovski, Branko Atanasov, Miroslav Kjosevski
DOI
DOI: 10.1111/rda.14247
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the presence of virulence
genes of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from vaginal and milk samples associated with post-partum dysgalactia syndrome (PDS) in
farmed sows. Two hundred and two sows from five commercial
pig farms were clinically inspected for PDS 12–24 h after farrowing. Sows were defined as PDS-affected (PDSA) if they showed
pathological vulvar discharge or mastitis followed by one or more
clinical signs such as fever, anorexia and altered piglet behaviour.
Milk samples and vaginal swabs for bacteriological testing were
taken from PDSA (n = 47) and PDS-unaffected (PDSU, n = 155).
In total, 96 isolates of E. coli were tested by multiplex polymerase
chain reaction (mPCR) for the presence of virulence genes related
to specific pathogen strains. Virulence genes associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) were the most prevalent
among all tested E. coli isolates (92.6%). The most dominant among
all E. coli isolates was Type 1 fimbrial (fimC) gene (90.6%), with the
prevalence of 92.38% in PDSA and 94.4% in PDSU sows. There
was no significance in the prevalence of virulence genes in milk
samples between sows. The increased serum survival (iss) gene
was significantly more prevalent (p < 0.05) in vaginal swabs of
PDSA sows compared to PDSU sows. The multivariable logistic
regression model showed that lower parity sows and the presence
of iss and heat-stable cytotoxin associated with enteroaggregative
E. coli (astA) genes were correlated (p < 0.001) with the occurrence
of PDS. Lower parity sows vaginaly infected with E. coli associated
with certain ExPEC strains are at higher risk of developing PDS.
Sows with positive vaginal swabs for E. coli and iss gene early after
parturition were associated with PDS.
genes of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from vaginal and milk samples associated with post-partum dysgalactia syndrome (PDS) in
farmed sows. Two hundred and two sows from five commercial
pig farms were clinically inspected for PDS 12–24 h after farrowing. Sows were defined as PDS-affected (PDSA) if they showed
pathological vulvar discharge or mastitis followed by one or more
clinical signs such as fever, anorexia and altered piglet behaviour.
Milk samples and vaginal swabs for bacteriological testing were
taken from PDSA (n = 47) and PDS-unaffected (PDSU, n = 155).
In total, 96 isolates of E. coli were tested by multiplex polymerase
chain reaction (mPCR) for the presence of virulence genes related
to specific pathogen strains. Virulence genes associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) were the most prevalent
among all tested E. coli isolates (92.6%). The most dominant among
all E. coli isolates was Type 1 fimbrial (fimC) gene (90.6%), with the
prevalence of 92.38% in PDSA and 94.4% in PDSU sows. There
was no significance in the prevalence of virulence genes in milk
samples between sows. The increased serum survival (iss) gene
was significantly more prevalent (p < 0.05) in vaginal swabs of
PDSA sows compared to PDSU sows. The multivariable logistic
regression model showed that lower parity sows and the presence
of iss and heat-stable cytotoxin associated with enteroaggregative
E. coli (astA) genes were correlated (p < 0.001) with the occurrence
of PDS. Lower parity sows vaginaly infected with E. coli associated
with certain ExPEC strains are at higher risk of developing PDS.
Sows with positive vaginal swabs for E. coli and iss gene early after
parturition were associated with PDS.
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