Epidemiology and impact of frailty in patients with atrial fibrillation in Europe

Proietti, Marco; Romiti, Giulio Francesco; Vitolo, Marco; Harrison, Stephanie L; Lane, Deirdre A; Fauchier, Laurent; Marin, Francisco; Näbauer, Michael; Potpara, Tatjana S; Dan, Gheorghe-Andrei; Maggioni, Aldo P; Cesari, Matteo; Boriani, Giuseppe; Lip, Gregory Y H; null, null; Zëra, E; Ekmekçiu, U; Paparisto, V; Tase, M; Gjergo, H

doi:10.1093/ageing/afac192

Epidemiology and impact of frailty in patients with atrial fibrillation in Europe

Journal

Age and Ageing

Date Issued

2022-08

Author(s)

Proietti, Marco

Romiti, Giulio Francesco

Vitolo, Marco

Harrison, Stephanie L

Lane, Deirdre A

Fauchier, Laurent

Marin, Francisco

Näbauer, Michael

Potpara, Tatjana S

Dan, Gheorghe-Andrei

Maggioni, Aldo P

Cesari, Matteo

Boriani, Giuseppe

Lip, Gregory Y H

null, null

Zëra, E

Ekmekçiu, U

Paparisto, V

Tase, M

Gjergo, H

Dragoti, J

Goda, A

Ciutea, M

Ahadi, N

el Husseini, Z

Raepers, M

Leroy, J

Haushan, P

Jourdan, A

Lepiece, C

Desteghe, L

Vijgen, J

Koopman, P

Van Genechten, G

Heidbuchel, H

Boussy, T

De Coninck, M

Van Eeckhoutte, H

Bouckaert, N

Friart, A

Boreux, J

Arend, C

Evrard, P

Stefan, L

Hoffer, E

Herzet, J

Massoz, M

Celentano, C

Sprynger, M

Pierard, L

Melon, P

Van Hauwaert, B

Kuppens, C

Faes, D

Van Lier, D

Van Dorpe, A

Gerardy, A

Deceuninck, O

Xhaet, O

Dormal, F

Ballant, E

Blommaert, D

Yakova, D

Hristov, M

Yncheva, T

Stancheva, N

Tisheva, S

Tokmakova, M

Nikolov, F

Gencheva, D

Shalganov, T

Kunev, B

Stoyanov, M

Marchov, D

Gelev, V

Traykov, V

Kisheva, A

Tsvyatkov, H

Shtereva, R

Bakalska-Georgieva, S

Slavcheva, S

Yotov, Y

Kubíčková, M

Marni Joensen, A

Gammelmark, A

Hvilsted Rasmussen, L

Dinesen, P

Riahi, S

Krogh Venø, S

Sorensen, B

Korsgaard, A

Andersen, K

Fragtrup Hellum, C

Svenningsen, A

Nyvad, O

Wiggers, P

May, O

Aarup, A

Graversen, B

Jensen, L

Andersen, M

Svejgaard, M

Vester, S

Hansen, S

Lynggaard, V

Ciudad, M

Vettus, R

Muda, P

Maestre, A

Castaño, S

Cheggour, S

Poulard, J

Mouquet, V

Leparrée, S

Bouet, J

Taieb, J

Doucy, A

Duquenne, H

Furber, A

Dupuis, J

Rautureau, J

Font, M

Damiano, P

Lacrimini, M

Abalea, J

Boismal, S

Menez, T

Mansourati, J

Range, G

Gorka, H

Laure, C

Vassalière, C

Elbaz, N

Lellouche, N

Djouadi, K

Roubille, F

Dietz, D

Davy, J

Granier, M

Winum, P

Leperchois-Jacquey, C

Kassim, H

Marijon, E

Le Heuzey, J

Fedida, J

Maupain, C

Himbert, C

Gandjbakhch, E

Hidden-Lucet, F

Duthoit, G

Badenco, N

Chastre, T

Waintraub, X

Oudihat, M

Lacoste, J

Stephan, C

Bader, H

Delarche, N

Giry, L

Arnaud, D

Lopez, C

Boury, F

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Mingam, R

Haissaguerre, M

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DOI

10.1093/ageing/afac192

Abstract

Background: Frailty is a medical syndrome characterised by reduced physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors. Data regarding the relationship between frailty and atrial fibrillation (AF) are still inconsistent.
Methods
A 40-item frailty index (FI) was built according to the accumulation of deficits model in the AF patients enrolled in the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry. Association of baseline characteristics, clinical management, quality of life, healthcare resources use and risk of outcomes with frailty was examined.
Results
Among 10,177 patients [mean age (standard deviation) 69.0 (11.4) years, 4,103 (40.3%) females], 6,066 (59.6%) were pre-frail and 2,172 (21.3%) were frail, whereas only 1,939 (19.1%) were considered robust. Baseline thromboembolic and bleeding risks were independently associated with increasing FI. Frail patients with AF were less likely to be treated with oral anticoagulants (OACs) (odds ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.55–0.89), especially with non-vitamin K antagonist OACs and managed with a rhythm control strategy, compared with robust patients. Increasing frailty was associated with a higher risk for all outcomes examined, with a non-linear exponential relationship. The use of OAC was associated with a lower risk of outcomes, except in patients with very/extremely high frailty.
Conclusions
In this large cohort of AF patients, there was a high burden of frailty, influencing clinical management and risk of adverse outcomes. The clinical benefit of OAC is maintained in patients with high frailty, but not in very high/extremely frail ones.

Subjects

atrial fibrillation

frailty

chronicity

oral anticoagulant th...

outcomes

epidemiology

older people