Identification of humoral immune indicators in some clinical manifestations in patients with heroin use disorder without hepatitis C infection
Journal
HEROIN ADDICTION & RELATED CLINICAL PROBLEMS
Date Issued
2019
Author(s)
Abstract
Background: The effect of opioids on the immune system is a complex phenomenon dependent on such variables as the
type of opioid, the character of the response (humoral versus cellular) and the types of cells involved. Aim: To characterize humoral immune indicators and determine their predictive impact on the onset of common clinical manifestations
observed in heroin users without hepatitis C infection. Methods: A total of 140 outpatients were enrolled in this crosssectional study, which lasted over a 3.5-year period at the University Clinic of Toxicology in Skopje from January 2009
to June 2012. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the impact of several humoral immune
indicators at the onset of the common clinical manifestations. The following instruments were used for analysis of patient
samples: immunoturbidimetric assay, indirect immunofluorescence, spectrophotometer, fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Results: Most of the patients were male n=108, with an average age of 28.34 ± 5.34 years. Arthralgia was observed in 42.14%, skin changes in 12.14%, respiratory difficulties in 15.0%, neurological disorders in 12.86%, Raynaud’s
disease in 19.28%, and proteinuria in 42.86% of patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that significant
factors having a potential correlation with intravenous heroin usage included: immunoglobulin G (0.027), immunoglobulin M (0.026), and cryoglobulins (<0.001). Conclusions: Heroin users with cryoglobulinemia have a greater chance of
developing arthralgia, skin changes, respiratory difficulties, neurological disorders, and Raynaud’s disease. Some of these
conditions were more common among participants who were taking heroin intravenously. These manifestations require
treatment that is delivered on time.
type of opioid, the character of the response (humoral versus cellular) and the types of cells involved. Aim: To characterize humoral immune indicators and determine their predictive impact on the onset of common clinical manifestations
observed in heroin users without hepatitis C infection. Methods: A total of 140 outpatients were enrolled in this crosssectional study, which lasted over a 3.5-year period at the University Clinic of Toxicology in Skopje from January 2009
to June 2012. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the impact of several humoral immune
indicators at the onset of the common clinical manifestations. The following instruments were used for analysis of patient
samples: immunoturbidimetric assay, indirect immunofluorescence, spectrophotometer, fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Results: Most of the patients were male n=108, with an average age of 28.34 ± 5.34 years. Arthralgia was observed in 42.14%, skin changes in 12.14%, respiratory difficulties in 15.0%, neurological disorders in 12.86%, Raynaud’s
disease in 19.28%, and proteinuria in 42.86% of patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that significant
factors having a potential correlation with intravenous heroin usage included: immunoglobulin G (0.027), immunoglobulin M (0.026), and cryoglobulins (<0.001). Conclusions: Heroin users with cryoglobulinemia have a greater chance of
developing arthralgia, skin changes, respiratory difficulties, neurological disorders, and Raynaud’s disease. Some of these
conditions were more common among participants who were taking heroin intravenously. These manifestations require
treatment that is delivered on time.
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
439#593_SIMONOVSKA-PAP.pdf
Size
176.55 KB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):fa5333d9bdf8276234c1b30c089de329