Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food

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Assessing technical efficiency of vegetable farms in North Macedonia
(Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2021)
Martinovska Stojcheska, Aleksandra
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Janeska Stamenkovska, Ivana
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Žgajnar, Jaka
Farm economic performance measuring is important for farm management purposes and for assessing the impact of agricultural policy measures. Efficiency studies enable assessment of farm performance since highly efficient farms are considered to have higher potential for operating in a changing economic and technological environment. The aim of this paper is to assess the technical efficiency of vegetable farms in North Macedonia, utilising Data Envelopment Analysis, as a non-parametric approach estimating the relative efficiency of decision making units producing multiple outputs and using multiple inputs. The analysis is based on Farm Monitoring System data including 75 vegetable farms in 2011 survey. Apart from baseline scenario, additional scenarios include available agricultural policy support in 2011 and 2016. The average technical efficiency of vegetable farms is 0.62 considering constant returns to scale, i.e. 0.71 and 0.75 considering variable returns to scale (in output and input oriented perspective, respectively). With better farm management, technical efficiency score can be improved on average by 25%. Technical efficiency increases slightly with subsidies, on average by 2 to 3%. Analyses based on farm level data, are valuable when estimating the effects of implementation of agricultural policy as well as when creating new policy interventions.
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Determinants of farmers' choice to use irrigation systems: The case of northern Ethiopia
(Wiley, 2022-12-27)
Gebrekidan, Berhe Girmay
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Abbay, Aradom Gebrekidan
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Azadi, Hossein
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Viira, Ants‐Hannes
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Tanaskovik, Vjekoslav
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Climate change is thought to be having a negative impact on Africa's agricultural industry. Smallholder farmers who depend heavily on agriculture are more severely affected by climate change. Droughts and the depletion of water resources are two examples of how climate change affects production. Therefore, it is necessary to take steps to reduce the negative effects of climate change in Ethiopia on smallholder farmers in particular and agriculture in general. Therefore, the purpose of this analysis was to identify the factors that affect the increase in irrigation efficiency among farmers in northern Ethiopia. A total of 194 farmers were picked at random and questioned using semi‐structured questionnaires. Out of the 18 explanatory variables hypothesized to analyse the preference of farmers for using irrigation in the study area, only 13 were considered important. Of these 13 significant explanatory variables, 4 including health status, labour force members, availability of labour and perception of the advantage of using agricultural inputs were statistically significant with farmers' choice of irrigation.</jats:p>
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A Multi-criteria Decision Making Approach for Prioritization of the Common Market Organization Policy Measures in North Macedonia
(Springer International Publishing, 2021)
Janeska Stamenkovska, Ivana
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Nikolov, Dimitre
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Elenov, Riste
Introduction of market regulation policy measures should be conducted gradually in countries that are in the process of approximation towards the European Union Common Agricultural Policy. Such policies are often implemented in complex socio-economic settings, where numerous stakeholders hold different and potentially conflicting values. Therefore, an effective implementation of Common Market Organization (CMO) policies in aspiring countries requires prioritization of the different available policy instruments. The aim of this study is to determine the farmers’ preferences in context of introduction of key CMO policy measures in North Macedonia. This paper presents an Analytical Hierarchy Process based modelling framework, as a multi-criteria decision making technique, for prioritization of the CMO interventions for fresh fruits and vegetables. The results suggest that four policy measures are prioritized, among which the measures supporting the establishment of producers’ organizations and for products withdrawal are most prominent (45% of vegetable producers and 57% of fruit growers). Another priority is further given to the policy instruments supporting the introduction and the implementation of the marketing standards for fresh fruits and vegetables, followed by the introduction of the schools’ schemes. Analyses of this kind, considering the bottom-up approach in valuing the farmers’ opinions and needs for introduction of certain policy measures are scarce in practice, but are very important in tailoring the agricultural policy to the real needs of its beneficiaries. Therefore, the presented methodology might be beneficial for introduction and implementation of other policy instruments, but also in other countries aspiring to become a part of the European Union.
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JRU METROFOOD-MK AS A PART OF THE EUROPEAN RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PROMOTING METROLOGY IN FOOD AND NUTRITION
(University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, 2020)
Najdenkoska, Anita
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Arsova-Sarafinovska, Zorica
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Velkoska-Markovska, Lenche
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Jankulovska, Mirjana S.
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Janeska Stamenkovska, Ivana
The METROFOOD-RI is European research infrastructure for promoting metrology in food and nutrition. This infrastructure is aimed to promote scientific excellence in the field of food quality and safety. JRU METROFOOD-MK is Joint Research Unit i.e. Macedonian Node which belongs to METROFOOD-MK infrastructure and consisted of two institutions, Institute of Public Health (IJZRSM) and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food - Skopje (FASF). The METROFOOD-RIincludes physical infrastructure (P-RI) and electronic infrastructure (e- RI). The P-RI covers facilities for realization of different analyses related to food quality and safety such as: contaminants and ecotoxicology, food quality control, trace elements analysis, chemical analysis of primary agricultural and processed products. The e-RI represents a state of the art web platform enabling sharing and integrating information and data on availability of metrological tools for food analysis. METROFOOD-RI will be of great scientific importance for following user categories: researchers, policy makers, food inspection and control experts and organizations, food business operators and citizens.
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Application of the agricultural policy measures (APM) tool: Evidence from Macedonia
(Asssociation of Agricultural Economists of the Republic of Macedonia, 2016)
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Janeska Stamenkovska, Ivana
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The differences in the budgetary support of agriculture among countries, but also among years, hinder the process of evaluation of the harmonization with the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Agricultural Policy Measures (APM) tool enables uniform classification of the agriculture policy measures combining the pillar concept of the CAP and the OECD classification. This paper presents the application of the APM for the Macedonian agricultural policy for the period 2008-2014. The findings confirm the commitment for gradual harmonization with the CAP, but also identify the needs for further adjustments of the policy and the applicability of this database for conducting policy analysis and impact evaluation.
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DEVELOPMENT OF DIRECT PAYMENT MEASURES IN THE MACEDONIAN PROCESS OF HARMONIZATION WITH CAP
(Agricultural Academy, Institute of Agricultural Economics, 2019)
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Janeska Stamenkovska, Ivana
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Martinovska Stojcheska, Aleksandra
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Agriculture, as a vital sector for socio-economic development in Macedonia, gains more importance for the policy makers during the process of harmonization with the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union. Since the start of this process, the national agricultural policy is under continuous reform; thus, the scope, the form and the type of the budgetary transfers to agriculture have been under constant change in the country. The aim of this paper is to describe and evaluate the development of the Macedonian agricultural policy, with a focus on the development of the direct payment measures. The analysis is based on the annual programs for financial support of agriculture (direct payment scheme dataset) and on the completed budgetary transfers classified by the Agricultural Policy Measures Classification scheme (APMC database). More systematic and structural changes for adjusting national agricultural policy towards CAP are established with the Law on Agriculture and Rural Development adopted in 2010; therefore, the analysis covers the period from 2010 to 2017. The analysis confirmed that direct producer support measures are the dominant instrument in the Macedonian agricultural policy, distributed mainly in a form of coupled payments (per output, cultivated area or head of livestock). The main recommendations derived from the findings are: to enlarge the share of decoupled measures in the direct support scheme; and in time, to gradually direct the policy toward rural development measures.
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DATA QUALITY IN THE AGRI-ECONOMIC RESEARCH IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
(Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food - Skopje, 2019)
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Martinovska Stojchesка, Aleksandra
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Dimitievski, Dragi
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Janeska Stamenkovska, Ivana
The transition process in the South-East European countries opened new research topics and encouraged use of new methodologies in agricultural economic studies. The process of transformation of the agri-food sector towards market economy principles required introduction of complex micro and macroeconomic models to evaluate the alternative solutions to the ongoing challenges. The models’ relevance and their usefulness depend on the availability and quality of input data. Data unavailability and big differences among databases make data sets unreliable and require adjustments to make them suitable for use. As an EU candidate country since 2005, the Republic of Macedonia conducts institutional and systemic harmonization, including the national statistics. The aim of this paper is to analyse the role of data and their quality in the agricultural economics research in Republic of Macedonia, through a review of the available literature and experiences of the stakeholders (based on users’ survey) in the last decade. The analysis uses the attribute-based approach (Wang, Reddy and Kon, 1995), defining data quality as multi-dimensional and hierarchical concept. The paper underlines the role of data availability and their quality for the needs of evidence-based policy decision making; and the need for more active involvement of the agricultural economics science and practice in the creation, harmonization, quality assurance and sharing of data necessary for research.

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