Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food

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ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF GRAPE PRODUCTION IN MACEDONIA: THE CASE OF THE SMEDEREVKA VARIETY
(Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food, 2025-06-15)
Elenov, Riste
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Sredojevic, Zorica
In the Republic of North Macedonia are 1,265 thousand hectares of agricultural land, of which about 520 thousand hectares are arable land. Of the total arable land, arable land and gardens account for 80%, meadows for 12%, vineyards for 5% and orchards for 3%. In the area under vineyards, wine varieties account for 70%, of which white varieties account for 40% and red varieties for 60% (State Statistical Office, 2025). The most common white varieties are: Smederevka, Chardonnay, Riesling and Sauvignon, and the most common red varieties are: Vranec, Kratošija, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot. The subject of research in this paper is the production of grapes, the Smederevka variety. The aim of the research is to analyze the results and economic justification of the production of the mentioned grape variety. Data were collected through a survey of 30 grape producers from the Vardar region. The data collected through the survey were processed using the Excel software package. Descriptive statistics indicators were also used. The results of the analysis indicate that the average yield of the Smederevka variety is 18,833 kg/ha, and the average total income is 293,937 denars. In the total income, income from the sale of grapes accounts for 73%, subsidies per area account for 14%, and subsidies per delivered quantities of grapes account for 13%. The average yield rate is 45%, and the average yield threshold is 17,055 kg/ha. The cost price of grapes is the lowest among producers with larger plantings, and they also achieve better operational results. Smaller producers should focus on association, consolidation, and modernization of their capacities, along with continuous education.
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Assessing Youth Employment Opportunities in Agribusiness: A Case Study from the Pelagonia Region
(Journal of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, 2024-06-15)
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The agri-food sector in the Pelagonia region of North Macedonia, despite its importance to the local economy, struggles to attract young people to employment opportunities. This study surveyed 15 companies of different sizes and an academic institution to understand the skills and competencies employers need and to explore the factors behind youth unemployment in this sector. The findings point to a mismatch between the skills taught in formal education and those demanded by the industry, as well as certain gender disparities in job opportunities in agri-food sector. Employers emphasized the need for both soft skills, such as teamwork and flexibility, and hard skills, including practical agricultural expertise. A major barrier identified is the gap between formal education and the practical needs of the workplace, along with a lack of motivation and awareness among youth about the potential careers in the agri-business sector. The study recommends enhanced collaboration between academia and industry, increased internship opportunities, and efforts to make the agri-food sector more appealing to young people. By addressing these issues could help build a more skilled and inclusive workforce, supporting the sustainable growth of Pelagonia region's agri-food sector.
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Proizvodnja vina u svetu i putevi vina u republici Srbiji
(Federalni agromediteranski zavod Mostar, Agronomski i prehrambeno-tehnološki fakultet Sveučilišta u Mostaru, 2018)
Milić, Dušan
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Bulatović, Mirjana Lukač
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Elenov, Riste
Wine production is undertaken on all the continents of the world. From the regional perspective, Europe boasts the highest production volume of wine, accounting for more than half of the world’s wine production. Italy, France and Spain are the largest wine-producing countries in Europe. Most European countries, as well as the countries neighbouring Serbia, have succeeded in promoting and developing wine tourism by establishing so-called wine routes such as Vinske ceste in Slovenia and Croatia, Wine strasse in Germany and Austria, Bortúrák in Hungary, etc. Favourable features characteristic of Serbia (such as the geographical and traffic position, biodiversity, flora and fauna, climate, anthropogenic factors, cultural and historical heritage, various folk customs, festivities, etc.) provide a solid base for enhancing wine tourism. Wine tourism has the potential to become one of the Serbian brands. The establishment of “wine routes” across the country is an ambitious and responsible enterprise which surpasses the ability of individuals. The country has pledged to grant loans to support wine tourism, whereas tourist organisations are building “wine maps” in order to introduce tourists to the top eight wine-producing regions of Serbia, i.e. the Wine Routes of Palić, Fruška Gora, Vršac, Smederevo, Topola, Negotin, Knjaževac and Župa.
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Influence of extrinsic factors on consumers' choice at segmented wine events
(Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON/CEES), 2019)
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Popova, Kristina
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Elenov, Riste
Many wine attributes make consumer’s choice difficult and confusing. By focusing on consumers from higher-segmented comparing wine events and comparing lower-segmented and higher-segmented wine events, we determinate the more influential attributes in consumers’ choice, and identify what is important cue on the bottle’s label. ANOVA, cluster analysis and Pearson chi-square test were used to determinate the consumers’ segments and their differences, difference between attributes, influence of some of the attributes over behavioral variables. We find that recommendation influences has stronger influence over the choice of consumers at the higher-segmented event, compared to awards or information on the label. Price and design defined cluster in the lower segmented sample while vintage, region and brand defined the high-segmented cluster.
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A Multi-criteria Decision Making Approach for Prioritization of the Common Market Organization Policy Measures in North Macedonia
(Springer International Publishing, 2021)
Janeska Stamenkovska, Ivana
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Nikolov, Dimitre
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Elenov, Riste
Introduction of market regulation policy measures should be conducted gradually in countries that are in the process of approximation towards the European Union Common Agricultural Policy. Such policies are often implemented in complex socio-economic settings, where numerous stakeholders hold different and potentially conflicting values. Therefore, an effective implementation of Common Market Organization (CMO) policies in aspiring countries requires prioritization of the different available policy instruments. The aim of this study is to determine the farmers’ preferences in context of introduction of key CMO policy measures in North Macedonia. This paper presents an Analytical Hierarchy Process based modelling framework, as a multi-criteria decision making technique, for prioritization of the CMO interventions for fresh fruits and vegetables. The results suggest that four policy measures are prioritized, among which the measures supporting the establishment of producers’ organizations and for products withdrawal are most prominent (45% of vegetable producers and 57% of fruit growers). Another priority is further given to the policy instruments supporting the introduction and the implementation of the marketing standards for fresh fruits and vegetables, followed by the introduction of the schools’ schemes. Analyses of this kind, considering the bottom-up approach in valuing the farmers’ opinions and needs for introduction of certain policy measures are scarce in practice, but are very important in tailoring the agricultural policy to the real needs of its beneficiaries. Therefore, the presented methodology might be beneficial for introduction and implementation of other policy instruments, but also in other countries aspiring to become a part of the European Union.

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