Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food

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Author: search.filters.author.Dragutin A. Djukic

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    Nanofertilizers: A New Approach to Horticultural Nutrition
    (International Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2025)
    Marina T. Stojanova
    ;
    Dragutin A. Djukic
    ;
    Monika Stojanova
    Nanotechnology offers transformative potential in agriculture and horticulture, revolutionizing crop production, plant health, and resource management. Its dynamic influence is particularly evident in enhancing vegetable yields through targeted nutrient delivery. Nanofertilizers, which utilize nanoparticles with higher surface tension than conventional fertilizers, provide plants with slow-release, efficient nutrient availability. This improves nutrient uptake, reduces waste, and promotes more sustainable farming practices. Nanofertilizers are specifically designed to optimize plant growth, fertility, and pollination in flowers, resulting in higher yields and improved quality in horticultural crops. By enhancing the availability and use efficiency of nutrients, nano fertilizers reduce nutrient fixation and enhance overall productivity. This review focuses on the significance of nanotechnology development, nanomaterials, and nano fertilizers, highlighting their potential to improve productivity and quality in horticultural crops. It also explores how nanoparticles can enhance plant resilience, particularly in response to environmental changes, supporting food security for the growing global population. By providing targeted, efficient solutions, nanotechnology offers promising strategies for ensuring the long-term sustainability and health of horticultural production systems. The application of nanofertilizers in enhancing both crop quality and environmental sustainability positions nanotechnology as a key innovation for the future of agriculture.
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    Novel functional plant-based yoghurt designed and analysed using conventional and AI techniques
    (Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2025-06)
    Monika Stojanova
    ;
    Marina T. Stojanova
    ;
    Aziz Şatana
    ;
    Dragutin A. Djukic
    This research uses supercritical water extraction to extract bioactive compounds from orange peel and the edible mushroom Suillus granulatus. The goal was to create a new functional almond yoghurt enriched with these extracts while determining its nutritional, antioxidant, and sensory properties. Moreover, the goal was also to determine the accuracy and reliability of digital sensor analysis using a combination of several software programs. The precise fermentation process was successfully employed during the laboratory production of almond yoghurt enriched with extracts from orange peel and S. granulatus. Subcritical water extraction, known as "green extraction," has proven to be an excellent method for extracting valuable components from food waste, such as orange peel. The three types of almond yoghurt produced exhibited remarkably high protein content (ranging from 13.51% to 14.88%) and fat content (between 9.13% and 9.39%), significantly exceeding the protein and fat levels found in traditional yoghurt made from cow's milk. Among the samples, the yoghurt enriched with orange peel extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in both tests conducted (P < 0.05) compared to the other samples. Additionally, the yogurt enriched with orange peel (Sample 2) showed significantly greater facial expressions, including lip press (10.70), lip suck (2.26), surprise (3.57), and joy (8.71), in comparison to Samples 1 and 3 (P < 0.05). This production process will be adapted for industrial-scale production, integrating digitalisation and emphasising the importance of precise fermentation to ensure the production of high-quality, functional plant-based substitutes for dairy products.
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    New Formulation for Organic Mineral Nutrition of Plums to Achieve Higher Yield and Better Chemical Composition of Leaves and Fruits
    (Applied Fruit Science, Springer, 2024-05)
    Marina T. Stojanova
    ;
    Dragutin A. Djukic
    ;
    Monika Stojanova
    ;
    Aziz Şatana
    The impact of foliar fertilization on the yield and chemical composition of the ‘Stenlej’ plum cultivar grown in North Macedonia was studied with multiple experimental variants as follows: 1. Control (untreated); 2. NPK+Ever green with Me (55% organic matter, 2% w/w Mg, 2% w/w Fe, 2% w/w Zn, 2% w/w Mn, 0.5% w/w Cu, 0.5% w/w B); 3. NPK+Biolinfa (34% organic matter 3% N, 5.80% K2O); 4. NPK+Oligomix (1.20% B, 0.10% Cu, 4% Fe, 1.50% Mn, 0.10% Mo, 2% Zn). Before setting up the experiment, soil agrochemical analyses were performed, and it was concluded that fertility was good in terms of nitrogen but medium in terms of phosphorus and potassium. Foliar fertilizing has a positive influence on the yield and chemical composition of leaves and plum fruits. The highest (p < 0.05) average plum fruit yield (18,255 kg∙ha−1) was determined in variant 2. The same variant was characterized by the highest (p < 0.05) average content of nitrogen (3.10%), phosphorus (0.35%) and potassium (2.15%) in plum leaves and plum fruits (3.40% N, 1.35% P2O5, 3.87% K2O).