Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food

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THE EFFECT OF FOLIAR FERTILIZING ON THE PLUM YIELD AND THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PLUM LEAVES
(TOKYO 7TH INTERNATIONAL INNOVATIVE STUDIES & CONTEMPORARY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONGRESS, 2023-04-21)
Marina T. Stojanova
;
Dragutin Đukić
;
Monika Stojanova
The effect of foliar fertilizing on the yield and the chemical composition of leaves from Stanley plum cultivar was determined. The variants were: Control (untreated); NPK+Ever green со Me (55% organic matter, 2% w/w Mg, 2% w/w Fe, 2% w/w Zn, 2% w/w Mn, 0.5 % w/w Cu, 0.5% w/w B); NPK+Biolinfa (34% organic matter 3% N, 5.80% K2O) and NPK+Oligomix (1.20% B, 0.10% Cu, 4% Fe, 1.50% Mn, 0.10% Mo, 2% Zn). The distance of fruit planting was 5 m row by row and 4 m in the rows. In each variant and repetition 20 plants were included, and total in all experiment 240 plants were involved. Three foliar treatments were applied with given above fertilizers at a concentration of 0.4%. At the end of November, soil fertilizing with the fertilizer Polyfeed NPK 11-44-11 (450 kg∙ha-1) was done. Soil agrochemical analyses were made, and was concluded good fertility with nitrogen, but medium fertility with phosphorus and potassium. The foliar fertilizing has a positive influence on the yield and the chemical composition of plum leaves. The highest (p<0.05) average plum fruit yield (18,255 kg∙ha-1) was determined in the variant treated with fertilizer NPK+Ever green with Me (55% organic matter, 2%w/w Mg, 2%w/w Fe, 2%w/w Zn, 2% w/w Mn, 0.5 %w/w Cu, 0.5 %w/w B). The lowest plum fruits yield (17,970 kg∙ha-1) was determined in the control variant. The highest average content of nitrogen (3.10%), phosphorus (0.35%) and potassium (2.15%) was determined in the variant NPK+Ever green со Me (55% organic matter, 2% w/w Mg, 2% w/w Fe, 2% w/w Zn, 2% w/w Mn, 0.5 % w/w Cu, 0.5% w/w B). The highest average content of calcium (2.12%) and magnesium (0.51%) were determined in the leaves from variant NPK+Oligomix (1.20% B, 0.10% Cu, 4% Fe, 1.50% Mn, 0.10% Mo, 2% Zn).
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Determination of antioxidant potential of Agaricus macrosporus and Russula vesca mushroom extract
(III International Agricultural, Biological & Life Science Conference, 2021-09)
Monika Stojanova
;
Dragutin Đukić
;
Slavica Vesković-Moračanin
;
Marina Todor Stojanova
;
Irina Mladenoska
The aim of this research was to determine the content of bioactive compounds phenols and flavonoids in two extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) of two wild mushroom species: Agaricus macrosporus and Russula vesca collected from the Republic of North Macedonia. Moreover, their antioxidant potential was determine through the ability to capture free DPPH radicals, as well as chelating iron ions. Generally, aqueous extracts showed slightly higher, statistically significant (p<0.05) antioxidant activity, compared to the ethanolic extract. Aqueous extract of Agaricus macrosporus was characterised with statistically significant (p<0.05) higher content of phenols, compared to the same extract of Russula vesca. On the other hand, both tested extracts of Russula vesca had statistically significant (p<0.05) higher content of flavonoids, compared to those of Agaricus macrosporus. Therefore, it can be concluded that the aqueous extracts of both tested mushrooms showed good antioxidant properties that can be a substitute for some of the synthetic antioxidants used for industrial purposes. According to that, this study can be a novel starting point for future research in which mushroom extracts can be used in various fields such as food industry, pharmaceutics, medicine or cosmetics.
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EFFECT OF FOLIAR FERTILIZING ON THE YIELD OF SOME ALMOND CULTIVARS GROWN IN NORTH MACEDONIA
(Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2022-01)
Marina Todor Stojanova
;
Dragutin Đukić
;
Monika Stojanova
;
Igor Ivanovski
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of foliar fertilizing with different fertilizers on the yield of feranjez, texas and primorski almond cultivar, grown in Valandovo region, North Macedonia. The variants were: 1. Control (untreated); 2. Ever green with Me (55% organic matter, 2% w/w Mg, 2% w/w Fe, 2% w/w Zn, 2% w/w Mn, 0.5 % w/w Cu, 0.5% w/w B); 3. Biolinfa (34% organic matter 3% N, 5.80% K2O); 4. Oligomix (1.20% B, 0.10% Cu, 4% Fe, 1.50% Mn, 0.10% Mo, 2% Zn). Total 240 plants per cultivar were included. At the end, soil fertilizing with the fertilizer Polyfeed 11-44-11+ME (Fe, B, Zn, Mn, Co, Mo) was done (450 kg/ha). Before setting up the experiment, soil agrochemical analyses were done and good fertility with nitrogen and potassium, while medium fertility with phosphorus was determined. The foliar fertilizing had a positive influence on the yield of analyzed almond cultivars. The highest average content of fruit yield (2794 kg/ha for feranjez cultivar, 2699 kg/ha for texas cultivar and 2781 kg/ha for primorski cultivar) and the highest average kernels yield (1079 kg/ha for feranjez cultivar, 1333.50 for texas cultivar and 1257.30 kg/ha for primorski cultivar) were determined in the variant 2 treated with the fertilizer Ever green with Me. This study explored and determined how to achieves minimization of economic losses, but also ecological production and preservation of the environment, on the other hand, and all of that with proper use of foliar fertilizers.
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Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of Wild Chestnut Ohrid Diamond Extract—An Opportunity for Creation of New Natural Products
(Erwerbs-Obstbau, Springer, 2022-04)
Monika Stojanova
;
Dragutin Đukić
;
Marina Todor Stojanova
;
Aziz Şatana
;
Blazo Lalevic
The aim of this research was to prepare aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the seed and leaf of the wild chestnut known as Ohrid diamond and to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. In general, ethanolic extracts showed higher antioxidant potential compared with the aqueous extracts. Moreover, ethanolic seed extracts had better results in all of the antioxidant tests compared with the ethanolic extracts from the leaves. The ethanolic seed extract was characterized by a statistically significant (p < 0.05) lower IC50 value for the ability to capture DPPH radicals (0.63 mg/ml) compared with all other tested extracts. Furthermore, the extracts showed statistically significantly (p < 0.05) higher antimicrobial activity against five tested bacteria (Staphylococcus aureusATCC25923, Listeria monocytogenesATCC19115, Escherichia coliATCC11230, Shigella sonneiATCC29930, Pseudomonas aeruginosaATCC35554) compared to tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Given the good biological activity that was established, this research can serve as a novel starting point to contribute to greater utilization of this plant in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries, and the obtained extracts could substitute for the numerous synthetic additives that are regularly used in these industries.

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