Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food

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    Item type:Publication,
    ATR-FTIR spectroscopy as a rapid complementary tool for qualitative assessment of mineral fertilizers
    (2026-09-15)
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    Mitkova, Tatjana
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    Lončarić, Zdenko
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    Petek, Marko
    Complementary analytical methods are crucial for the qualitative assessment of mineral fertilizers commonly applied in agriculture. In this study, both reference substances and fertilizer samples were analyzed using the ATR-FTIR technique. Pure compounds such as ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and calcium sulfate heptahydrate were first recorded as standards to establish a reference spectral library. Fertilizer samples were ground to a fine powder (<1 mm) and placed on the diamond crystal surface for spectral measurement. The obtained absorption spectra enabled identification of the main components present in the fertilizers and provided a clear comparison with the standard spectra. Although the method allows only qualitative determination of compounds, comparison with the recorded standards provides valuable insights into the composition of the investigated samples. This approach is particularly useful when rapid screening of fertilizers is required without the need for time-consuming wet chemistry analyses. The results demonstrate that ATR-FTIR spectroscopy can serve as a reliable complementary method for routine fertilizer testing, ensuring both quality control and detection of possible adulteration or impurities. Furthermore, when combined with conventional laboratory techniques such as titrimetry, AAS, or ICP-OES, the method contributes to a more comprehensive and accurate characterization of fertilizer composition, ultimately supporting sustainable agricultural practices.
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    Phosphorus and iron content in apples in different sales channels
    (University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 2025-10-01)
    Petek, Marko
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    Matilda Povodnik
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    Tomislav Karažija
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    Šatvar Vrbančić Mihaela
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    Phosphorus and iron are essential elements that are necessary for various functions of plants, but also for humans. The apple, Malus × domestica Borkh., is one of the most consumed fruits in the world, also in Croatia. Since the mentioned elements influence the growth and development of the plant and also have certain health effects on humans, the presence of these elements in apples on the Zagreb market should be investigated. After collecting and sampling the apples, the phosphorus content was determined by spectrophotometry and the iron content by atomic absorption spectrometry. Apples from retail chains statistically have the highest average phosphorus content in dry matter (0.14 % P DW), while apples from organic products stores statistically have the highest phosphorus content in fresh weight (27.29 mg P/100 g fresh weight). As for iron, the statistically highest average content in both dry matter and fresh matter was found in apples from retail chains (15.99 mg Fe/kg DM and 0.261 mg Fe/100 g fresh weight). These results could be the consequences of conventional agriculture.