Institute of Economics
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Item type:Publication, CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH EVIDENCE FROM NORTH MACEDONIA(Institute of Economics-Skopje, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, 2025-11); ; Josimovska, TeaAbstract: Sustainable economic growth has become a central priority for countries striving to balance economic development with environmental protection and social well-being. The concept of the circular economy (CE), which emphasizes resource efficiency, waste reduction and innovation is in icreasingly recognized as a pathway to achieving long-term sustainability. Estimating an extended Cobb–Douglas production function that incorporates traditional growth drivers (capital, labour) alongside sustainability-related variables (resource productivity, renewable energy,), the paper tests the hypothesis whether the higher resource productivity and renewable energy use, contributes positively to GDP growth while reducing environmental pressures (decreasing CO₂ emissions). The estimation is made with ARDL model and use annual time-series data for North Macedonia (NM) covering the period from 2000 – 2023. The research findings* reveal that economic growth in North Macedonia is driven by the traditional factors, especially labour. Also, a 1% increase in resource productivity is associated with a 0.75% increase in GDP is strong and direct validation of the circular economy concept. It shows that North Macedonia can achieve economic growth not just by extracting and using more resources, but by using them more efficiently. This finding directly supports the idea of "decoupling" economic growth from environmental degradation. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, NORTH MACEDONIA’S DEMOGRAPHIC FUTURE: INSIGHTS FROM THE POPULATION PROJECTIONS(Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 2025-11-02); ; ; - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN TERMS OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN NORTH MACEDONIA(University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, 2024); - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Quality of Life in the Republic of North Macedonia Seen Through the Human Development Indicators(IGI Global, 2020); <jats:p>This chapter considers the trend of human development in the RNM, presented through the HDI. The special focus would be the links with the problem of poverty and inequality in the economy, regarding the data for the GINI, IHDI, GDI, poverty line, MPI, vulnerable employment, and youth unemployment. The research subject is the period from 2010 to 2017, using the secondary statistical data. Comparative analysis, with the countries from the CESEE countries, further improve the quality of the chapter. The RNM is a country with a high level of human development, and it is relatively equally distributed among the population. There is a difference in the distribution of the achievements of HD and an intermediate level of equality in the distribution between the genders. Income inequality expressed with the GINI index shows increase. The results confirm that there is no automatic link between the economic growth and human development. Income and gender inequality regress the quality of life in Macedonia. Growth in RNM in the past period has failed to produce the expected positive effects. </jats:p> - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Determinants of employee skills’ level and utilization in SMEs in the Republic of North Macedonia(Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2021); Recent research shows that continuous skill upgrading is paramount to achieving competitiveness and sustainability for individuals in the labour market and firms. Due to the dynamic business changes, firms expect higher levels of creativity, innovation, and initiative from their employees, hence ensure that they possess cutting-edge knowledge, skills, and abilities. Nevertheless, firms cannot capitalize solely on employees’ skills i.e., the full utilization of employees’ skills is necessary to achieve competitiveness. Thus, the determinants that influence the level and utilization of employee skills are crucial for firms as well. In this paper, the recruitment process and training are recognized as factors that affect skill level whereas the methods of motivation determine skill utilization. The results of the empirical analysis on a sample of SMEs in the Republic of North Macedonia indicate that the challenges firms face during the process of recruitment pertain to the lack of applicants’ skills and the small number of applicants. Also, almost 60% of the firms either announce only primary vacancy requirements or, although thoroughly defined, do not include the requirements in the vacancy announcement. As for the upgrading of skills, about 50% of the firms had organized one to three training sessions in the last three years, mainly pertaining to the improvement of job-specific skills of primary employees. Almost one-fifth of firms had not organized any training. The motivation methods are highly important not only to boost employees’ willingness to upgrade their skills but also to fully utilize them in their working activities. The findings indicate that more than half of the firms motivate their employees by providing bonuses and rewards, and by taking employees’ opinion into account. An additional motivating factor refers to employee participation; in particular, including employees in the process of new product/service development. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Chapter: Quality of Life in the Republic of North Macedonia Seen Through the Human Development Indicators(IGI Global book series Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics (AFAE), 2019); This chapter considers the trend of human development in the RNM, presented through the HDI. The special focus would be the links with the problem of poverty and inequality in the economy, regarding the data for the GINI, IHDI, GDI, poverty line, MPI, vulnerable employment, and youth unemployment. The research subject is the period from 2010 to 2017, using the secondary statistical data. Comparative analysis, with the countries from the CESEE countries, further improve the quality of the chapter. The RNM is a country with a high level of human development, and it is relatively equally distributed among the population. There is a difference in the distribution of the achievements of HD and an intermediate level of equality in the distribution between the genders. Income inequality expressed with the GINI index shows increase. The results confirm that there is no automatic link between the economic growth and human development. Income and gender inequality regress the quality of life in Macedonia. Growth in RNM in the past period has failed to produce the expected positive effects. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Impact of Covid pandemic on the natural population increase in North Macedonia(Institute of Social Sciences-Belgrade, 2021-03-25); Objectives - The Covid-19 pandemic has brought significant consequences and implications, changing many social, economic, healthcare and environmental determinants, as well as demographic processes. Particularly emphasized is its impact on the changes in the total population increase. It is mainly determined by the natural population increase, and relatively less by migratory movements, due to limited international migrations in the new conditions worldwide. The aim of the research is to provide knowledge on the implications that the Covid-19 pandemic has had to date on the natural population increase in North Macedonia, by analyzing the relevant data and indicators published thus far. It offers knowledge about the essential features of the manifested changes, their key determinants and long-term impact in terms of intensified demographic ageing. Methodology - The methodological approach of the study involves application of desk research and analysis of the State Statistical Office data related to natural population increase, as well as marriages and divorces. Data and indicators for the natural increase and its components (live births and deaths) for the last 15 years are presented. A more detailed, per-month analysis of the changes in the natural increase, marriages and divorces is conducted for 2019 and 2020, using the available statistical data, which for 2020 implies using preliminary data. Implications – The analysis of the preliminary data on the natural population increase, as well as of marriages and divorces, indicates the significant changes in 2020, which were mostly caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Having in mind their long-term implications, further decrease in the natural population increase and total population growth can be expected, as well as acceleration of the process of demographic ageing. Once the pandemic is over, North Macedonia should focus on the revision of the current population policy and create comprehensive measures to mitigate the consequences of these unfavorable changes. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Gender inequality on the Macedonian labour market(EMAN 2019, 2019-03-28); - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Identifying employee skills in SMEs in the Republic of North Macedonia(EMAN 2020, 2020-09-03); - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, How is COVID-19 reshaping temporary and circular labour migration: Serbia and North Macedonia perspectives(Forum geografic. Studii și cercetări de geografie și protecția mediului, 2021-06); The COVID-19 pandemic has caused migrant workers worldwide to face numerous and specific challenges. This study aims to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic and its societal impact have influenced temporary and circular migrants from Serbia and North Macedonia. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 50 participants to gain a deeper understanding of their challenges and migration practices. Temporary circular labour migration from Serbia and North Macedonia are most intensive towards EU countries, which are geographically close and well-connected by traffic, and with which migrants have well-established migration ties. The results show that after the outbreak of the pandemic, respondents faced termination of employment contracts, reduced working hours and earnings. Most of the respondents returned and only a few found formal employment in the country of origin. Job-related impacts of COVID-19 on respondents are determined by temporary residence, a form of employment and the employment sector. Temporary and circular migrant workers from Serbia and North Macedonia involved in the essential sectors in EU countries are less likely to be severely affected by the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results suggest that temporary and circular migration schemes should be improved after the pandemic, in a way that is sustainable even in times of sudden changes. In that regard, in addition to considering the needs of the labour markets of countries of origin and destination, the needs and the rights of migrants, should be prioritized in common solutions.
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