Institute of Sociological, Political and Juridical Research

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.ukim.mk/handle/20.500.12188/28

The Institute for Sociological, Political and Juridical Research was founded in 1965 with the decision of the Council of the University “St. Cyril and Methodius". Since then, the ISPJR is devoted to scientifically examine the sociological, political and legal phenomena in the country, to encourage and to organize appropriate researches for social development, to educate young scientist and to develop scientific staff. Институтот за социолошки и политичко-правни истражувања е основан во 1965 година со одлука на Советот на Универзитетот "Св.Кирил и Методиј" во Скопје. Од тогаш, ИСППИ е посветен на научното истражување на социолошките, политиколошките и правните појави во земата, на поттикнување и организирање соодветни истражувања за развој на општеството, на подготвување на научен подмладок и усовршување на научен кадар.

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Western Balkans: It’s Complicated An Inter-ethnic Communication Interdisciplinary Examination
(International Collaboration for Research and Publications, 2024-03-01)
Limani, Blerim
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Majlichi, Driton
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Aslan, Mehmet
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Kikalishvili, Shalva
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Brown, Daniel
The western Balkans are persistently grappling with its unfavorable inter-ethnic reputation. Although political toleration has been consistently proposed as a solution for inter-ethnic tensions, this paper argues for the adoption of the Coordinated Management of Meaning (CMM) framework, offering a fresh perspective to an old problem. Rooted in the 'communication perspective', CMM provides a crucial platform for stakeholders to interact meaningfully. This study aims to present compelling reasons for embracing dialogical methods in interethnic disagreements. The CMM model focuses on empowering participants with knowledge to collectively shape their social realities. To illustrate, we introduce a visual communication model seamlessly integrating political toleration and CMM concepts. This model establishes a dialogical platform, ensuring equal participation from public and civil society stakeholders, and fostering a harmonious social world. In conclusion, CMM offers an alternative communication perspective crucial for those involved in interethnic dialogue. By adopting this approach, individuals and groups can overcome challenges, opening new avenues for understanding and collaboration in the pursuit of peaceful co-existence.</jats:p>
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(Dis)trust in doctors and public and private healthcare institutions in the Western Balkans
(Health Expectations, 2022-08)
Maljichi, Driton
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Limani, Blerim
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Spier, Troy E
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Angjelkoska, Violeta
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Stojković Zlatanović, Sanja
Considering the geopolitical changes in the six Western Balkan countries-Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia-over the last three decades, particularly as it concerns the progress and changes in the healthcare systems, we argue that there is a need for a detailed analysis of people's trust in those healthcare systems and healthcare providers.
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Multiculturalism as a value in healthcare services in the Western Balkans
(University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, 2024-05-31)
Maljichi, Driton
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Limani, Blerim
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Tahirbegolli, Bernard
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Spier, Troy E.
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Alloqi Tahirbegolli, Iliriana
In this study, we aimed to examine the healthcare preferences and perspectives of citizens in the Western Balkans (namely Albania, North Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina), as well as their trust toward medical professionals of various genders and ages. Almost 4,000 citizens (N = 3,789) of six countries in the Western Balkans (Albania, North Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina) were surveyed using a self-reported questionnaire in this inter-country cross-sectional study. Most of the participants state that their ethnicity (86%) or religion (89%) has no effect on receiving services in healthcare institutions when the doctor is from a different ethnicity or religion (p < 0.05). One-third of the study’s participants stated that they don’t necessarily prefer to be treated by medical doctors who approach all patients of different nationalities equally. Finally, this article demonstrates that the majority of Balkan citizens had no disparities when receiving medical care from a medical doctor of a different ethnicity or religion. About one-third of the research participants nurture tolerance and diversity as a behavior culture and do not want to be treated by a doctor who discriminates against patients of different nationalities.
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External Political Efficacy and Populist Attitudes: Understanding the Demand for Populism in North Macedonia
(Sociological Scientific Society of Serbia, 2023)
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Popovikj, Misha
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Recica, Vlora
This paper focuses on the underlying factors driving the demand for populism in North Macedonia. It presents an argument on populist attitudes, illustrating empirically that within this specific context, they are primarily driven by heightened dissatisfaction with state institutions. This dissatisfaction is manifested as perceived lack of external political efficacy, with state mechanisms failing to foster citizen inclusion in political processes. Additionally, this paper demonstrates that populism in this country of South East Europe is also significantly influenced by adherence to traditional values and beliefs in conspiracy theories. These findings are discussed in relation to the dominant theories on populist demand found in current literature. The objectives of this paper are twofold. Firstly, it seeks to examine the applicability of current theories to the case of North Macedonia. Secondly, it proposes a perspective on the factors stimulating populism within this context. To assess the effects of different factors on populist demand, we employ OLS regression modeling using survey data collected in June 2021. This study contributes to the existing literature on the demand side of populism, presenting findings from a region not frequently examined in this regard-Southeast Europe, specifically North Macedonia.
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THE GERMAN ELECTORAL MODEL IN RESPONSE TO THE MACEDONIAN POLITICAL CONTENT
(Institute for Sociological, Political and Juridical Research, University "Ss. Cyril and Methodius" - Skopje, 2021)
Having regard the role of the electoral model on the political behavior of the citizens in a country, as well as the impact it has on the party system, this paper aims to offer a new electoral model that is most appropriate for the Macedonian political context. Guided by the characteristics of the electoral systems, as well as their application in specific state systems, the research question of this paper will focus on determining the adequacy of the German electoral model in relation to the detected shortcomings of the existing Macedonian electoral model. In order to answer the main research question, this paper, in addition to presenting the German election model, through the presentation and analysis of primary and secondary data will try to connect the detected shortcomings of the existing Macedonian model with the basic characteristics of the offered most appropriate model.
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Dilemmas Concerning the Macedonian Еlectoral Мodel: From Single Electoral Unit to Open Lists
(Institute for Sociological, Juridical and Juridical Research, University "Ss. Cyril and Methodius" - Skopje, 2020)
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The Republic of North Macedonia has ensured certain legal preconditions for real pluralism, but practice has shown that the current electoral rules significantly constrain these possibilities (especially when it comes to parliamentary representation of the smaller parties). Two substantial proposals for changes in the electoral system have gained traction in the past years: move towards a single (national) electoral constituency instead of the present six; and the move from closed-list proportional representation to preferential voting via open lists. These proposals are backed by the idea that the current electoral system is characterized by a certain deficiency regarding realistic transposing of citizens’ votes in representative mandates, as well as by the fact that smaller political parties rarely achieve parliamentary representation through the present electoral rules. By imploring content analysis of both theoretical and empirical literature, using the primary data of interviews conducted with a small number of small parties’ leaders as well as by using the comparative method, the authors present relevant argumentation for each of the aforementioned proposals and ultimately provide respective solutions that should be further researched and could provide basis for legislative interventions in the Electoral code of the Republic of North Macedonia.
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MACEDONIAN ELECTION RULES: CITIZENS VIS-À-VIS POLITICAL PARTIES
(Institute for Research and European Studies, 2022-06)
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The Macedonian election rules, i.e. the setting of the electoral system, produce a double effect, an effect on the voter, and an effect on the party system. Therefore, each change in the electoral regulations would not only alter the voters’ comportment but also impact the political parties. Considering these effects, the paper aimed to compare the attitudes of the citizens and political parties regarding the electoral legislature (both for the parliamentary and local elections); and produce adequate electoral solutions as a corrective for the detected shortcomings of the current regulations. The paper relied on content analysis of theoretical literature and research, empirical qualitative research based on citizens’ focus groups from each region in Macedonia, questioned political parties, and additional data analysis. The ultimate findings propose a way to promote the equal value of each vote, proportional regional representation, and MPs' accountability at the parliamentary elections. For the local elections, the proposed solution referred to reducing the election cost, the possibility of political bargaining, and preserving the legitimacy of elected mayors.
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International and Macedonian Endeavours, Obstacles and Solutions Regarding Citizens’ Participation of Roma at Local Level
(Центар за научно-истражувачка дејност на Правен факултет, Универзитет „Св. Климент Охридски“ - Битола, 2020)
Equality in terms of equal opportunities for every person or group of individuals, including prohibitory regulations regarding discrimination, is of immense importance of contemporary complex societal, legal and political mechanisms. The Roma are among the permanent vulnerable categories both in Europe and in the Republic of North Macedonia as far as exercising human rights is concerned. Therefore, the legal and political mechanisms protecting the Roma rights require consistent and long-term attention and improvement, which this paper attempts to provide. Namely, the paper aims to identify the legal basis for protection, but also the obstacles posed by universal, European and Macedonian legislature regarding the Roma rights and to introduce solutions for boosting citizens’ participation of the Roma at local level. Even though the existing legislative basis covers vast area, certain new possibilities within the legal and political system could be unraveled, dominantly by using the method of qualitative contents analysis of legal acts, strategic documents and empirical studies, thus concluding solutions that comply both with strategic ‘top-down’ policy making and ‘bottom-up’ measures and specific actions. This legislative and policy analysis comes to the conclusion that the continuity of affirmative action including the indispensable census, affirmative action concerning the municipalities with Roma inhabitants, targeted approach and changes in the primary school boards is needed that would benefit local government policy making subjects, experts and civil activists in the field of protection and development of human rights.
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International and Macedonian Endeavours, Obstacles and Solutions Regarding Citizens’ Participation of Roma at Local Level
(Центар за научно-истражувачка дејност на Правен факултет, Универзитет „Св. Климент Охридски“ - Битола, 2020)
Equality in terms of equal opportunities for every person or group of individuals, including prohibitory regulations regarding discrimination, is of immense importance of contemporary complex societal, legal and political mechanisms. The Roma are among the permanent vulnerable categories both in Europe and in the Republic of North Macedonia as far as exercising human rights is concerned. Therefore, the legal and political mechanisms protecting the Roma rights require consistent and long-term attention and improvement, which this paper attempts to provide. Namely, the paper aims to identify the legal basis for protection, but also the obstacles posed by universal, European and Macedonian legislature regarding the Roma rights and to introduce solutions for boosting citizens’ participation of the Roma at local level. Even though the existing legislative basis covers vast area, certain new possibilities within the legal and political system could be unraveled, dominantly by using the method of qualitative contents analysis of legal acts, strategic documents and empirical studies, thus concluding solutions that comply both with strategic ‘top-down’ policy making and ‘bottom-up’ measures and specific actions. This legislative and policy analysis comes to the conclusion that the continuity of affirmative action including the indispensable census, affirmative action concerning the municipalities with Roma inhabitants, targeted approach and changes in the primary school boards is needed that would benefit local government policy making subjects, experts and civil activists in the field of protection and development of human rights.
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Possible Support of the EU for the Republic of Macedonia for Regional and Rural Development
(Универзитет „Св. Климент Охридски“ - Битола, 2018)
The conditionality of the EU for the potential member states and its respective pre accession funding prepare these states for the future possibilities and circumstances within European policies and forms of cooperation. The goal of this paper is to establish the possible conceptual and financial support of the EU for the Republic of Macedonia, regarding the regional and agricultural policy. The regional policy of the EU which is aimed at diminishing economic, social and infrastructural disparities and the concept of balanced regional development of the Republic of Macedonia necessarily have overlapping points with the agricultural policies since rural areas in RM are underdeveloped and comprise the living area of about 40% of the Macedonian population. Therefore, it is of great significance to determine sustainable development strategy in these terms, dominantly to the end of improving economic activities and living conditions of the rural population. The basic method applied in the paper is the analysis of the EU and RM policies and necessary means for agricultural and regional development. The main expected results can be seen in identification of the circumstances and conditions that have an impact on the effectiveness of these developmental trends and possible opportunities that RM would take in former areas upon EU accession.

Institute of Sociological, Political and Juridical Research

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