Faculty of Design and Technologies of Furniture and Interior

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Start date: 2024Subject: search.filters.subject.quantitative yield

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    Comparative analysis of yield distribution in first and second-class quality fir and spruce sawlogs (Abies alba Mill./Picea abies L.): A case study from North Macedonia
    (Faculty of Design and Technologies of Furniture and Interior - Skopje, 2024-12)
    The efficient utilisation of sawlogs represents a crucial determinant for the operational success of sawmill capacities. Sawlogs serve as the primary raw material in sawmill operations, and their rational use is influenced by several production-related factors. Key determinants impacting sawlog utilisation include wood species, log quality classification, technological capacity of sawmills, and workforce proficiency, among others. Of particular importance to sawlog processing methods are wood species and quality classification. A principal indicator of sawmill performance lies in the quantitative yield of raw material, defined by the volume of lumber produced from log processing. The economic viability of sawmills is grounded in this quantitative utilisation, with wood species and quality classification exerting the most substantial influence. This paper presents findings from a comparative analysis conducted at a sawmill facility in Berovo, Republic of North Macedonia. It examines the yield from fir/spruce (Abies alba Mill./Picea abies L.) sawlogs of both first- and second-quality classes. The analysed logs maintain a consistent length of 4.0 meters. The average diameter for first-class logs ranges from 27.0 to 57.0 cm, while for second-class logs, it spans 38.0 to 62.0 cm. The mean yield rate for first-class logs is 68.93%, and for second-class logs, it is 61.55%. A comparative analysis is provided for the coarse and fine waste generated from log processing for both quality classes. Sawing was conducted using a horizontal band saw, and the resulting lumber is designated for construction and structural purposes.
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    Impact of Length and Diameter Variations in Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Sawlogs on the Yield and Waste
    (Faculty of Design and Technologies of Furniture and Interior - Skopje, 2024-12)
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    This study evaluates the yield and waste distribution in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) sawlogs, focusing on the influence of log length and diameter. Two log lengths, 4.0 m and 5.0 m, were analysed across various diameter classes. The research examines the relationship between log geometry and the quantitative utilisation of raw materials, emphasising the impact on sawn timber yield, coarse waste, fine waste, and shrinking allowance. Experimental sawings were conducted on a vertical bandsaw in a saw mill optimised for moderate-capacity production. Statistical analysis of the data reveals significant differences in yield efficiency between the two log lengths. Logs with shorter lengths (4.0 m) demonstrated lower quantitative yield compared to longer logs (5.0 m) due to reduced taper effects and enhanced sawmill processing efficiency. Similarly, larger diameters were correlated with increased sawn timber yield, whereas smaller diameters resulted in higher proportions of waste. The waste distribution analysis highlighted that coarse waste formed the largest component, followed by fine waste, both influenced by log dimensions and quality. Precision in sawmill operations was demonstrated by the diminishing allowance, which provided a small but constant proportion to all logs. The findings underscore the importance of optimising log selection and processing parameters to maximise resource efficiency and minimise waste. This study provides insights into sustainable practices in beech sawlog processing, supporting the development of optimised sawing techniques for improved material utilisation. The results contribute to a better understanding of how log characteristics impact industrial processing outcomes, informing decision-making for sawmill operations and forest management strategies.