Faculty of Physical Education, Sport and Health

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Anthropometrical Characteristics and Somatotype of Young Macedonian Soccer Players
(SciELO Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID), 2016-03)
Gontarev, Seryozha
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Kalac, Ruzdija
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Zivkovic, Vujica
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Ameti, Vullnet
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Redjepi, Agim
The success in sport performance is closely related to the physical condition of the sportsman. In the assessment of the physical status except physiological and fitness parameters, significant influence have the anthropometric parameters. The aim of the study was dual: to assess the changes in the anthropometric characteristics and the somatotype of young soccer players at different ages and to compare these characteristics with the general population. The analyzed measurements of 486 young soccer players who play in teams of the First national league, with an average age 15.8±1.4. The soccer players were divided into five subgroups, at age difference of 1 year. In the sample height, weight, BMI index, diameters, volumes and skin folds were measured, also the body composition and the somatotype were calculated. Boys from 14 years were lower and had less tendencies of other age groups. From 16 years onwards there were no differences in the measurements which means that the respondents gradually get the look of adult players. All skin folds for young Macedonian players (except the skin folds of the scapula) decrease with age and compared to the peers from normal population are lower. For young players in all age groups dominate the mesomorphic component, and lower values have the endomorphic component, in regards to peers in the general population. The obtained results can serve as normative anthropometric indicators for regular sports medical examinations of young players in our country, or can be used as a template for comparison of the anthropometric and somatotype information of young players at a similar level of different countries.
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Factors Associated with Physical Activity among Macedonian Adolescents in Albanian Ethnic Community
(2016-04)
Gontarev, Seryozha
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Kalac, Ruzdija
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Ameti, Vullnet
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Redjepi, Agim
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of demographic, psychological, social and environmental factors with physical activity and to determine whether indicators of physical activity differ by gender among Macedonian adolescents from Albanian ethnic community from 11 to 14 yr (N = 886). Methods: Research were conducted in 2014 in several primary schools randomly selected from Tetovo and Gostivar region of the R. Macedonia. Students completed a questionnaire which examined their level of participation in physical activity and sedentary behavior along with a number of potential correlates. Hierarchical regression was used to explore the relationship between hypothesised factors and physical activity. Results: The boys unlike the girls showed significantly higher levels of physical activity (P=0.001). Respondents of both genders who perceive greater benefits from the physical activity (P=0.010). They have more confidence in their abilities (P=0.001), enjoy more in the physical activities (P=0.016), perceive greater social support from friends (P=0.008) and parents (P=0.001) and have higher levels of physical activity. Conclusions: The results indicate the importance of developing a national plan and program to promote physical activity in order to help young people to change unhealthy lifestyle habits and increase the physical activity, thus improving their health.
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The association between high blood pressure, physical fitness and fatness in adolescents
(ARAN Ediciones, 2017-02-01)
Gontarev Seryozha
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Kalac, Ruzdija
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Zivkovic, Vujica
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Velickovska, Lence A
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Telai, Besnik
ntroduction: Hypertension is a health problem that is of national importance. It is a major risk factor for the occurrence of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal diseases that are leading or among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity as in ours, as in the most developed and less developed countries. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the relation of cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity, blood pressure and hypertension for adolescents. Material and methods: The research was realized on a sample of 4,051 boys and girls at the age of 11 to 14 years. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by using a three minute step test, while the percentage of body fat was determined by bioelectrical impedance method. Blood pressure was measured three times at intervals of 60 seconds, and the result was the median value of the three measurements. The measurements were performed in a separate room with optimum ambient conditions. The relation between hypertension, cardiorespiratory fitness and fat was determined by correlation and multi-nominal logistic regressive analysis. Results: Boys had higher systolic pressure and lower diastolic pressure compared to girls. The low level of cardiorespiratory fitness and high percentage of body fat were independently associated with an increased risk of blood pressure and hypertension for both boys and girls. The interaction was established between the percentage of body fat and fitness. Conclusion: The results should be taken into account for building strategies and recommendations for improvement of lifestyle and health for adolescents.
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Position Specific Morphological Characteristics of Top-level Male Macedonian Handball Players
(Kamla Raj Enterprises, 2017-05-04)
Gontarev Seryozha
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Kalac, Ruzdija
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Zivkovic, Vujica
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Velickovska, Lence A.
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Telai, Besnik
The research was realized on a sample of 133 top handball senior players with the main objective toanalyze the anthropometric characteristics and somatotype components in terms of the position at whi ch they play in the team. Within the statistical analysis the basic descript ive parameters are being calcula ted and a univariate analysis of variance and post-hoc analysis are applied. A general mesomorphic athletic is obtained with obvious longitudinal dimensionality of the skeleton, even compared to the bone and muscle tissue and slightly higher values of fat and endomorphic component especially for goalkeepers and the pivot. The external lateral players and the goalkeepers are characterized by dominant pronounced longitudinal dimensionality, bone composition and voluminosity. The wing players have lower longitudinal dimensionality, while the central players are characterized with pronounced voluminosity and somewhat larger amounts of fat tissue.
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Health-related physical fitness of normal, stunted and overweight children aged 6-14 years in Macedonia
(ARAN Ediciones, 2018-10-08)
Gontarev, Seryozha
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Kalac, Ruzdija
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Velickovska, Lence
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Stojmanovska, Daniela
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Objective: the objective of this study is to compare the growth and health-related physical fitness of normal, overweight/obese and stunted Macedonian children aged 6-14 years.Methods: this cross-sectional study included 9,241 children of Macedonian nationality, from 19 primary schools from the central and east part of the Republic, out of which eight are in a rural setting and eleven are in urban environment. In order to carry out the objectives of the research, four anthropometric measurements, two derived anthropometric measurements, two measurements for assessing body composition and seven fitness tests were applied. Normal-not stunted, not owt/ob; stunted-not owt/ob; and owt/ob-not stunted were compared with multivariate analysis of covariance controlling for socioeconomic status, residence status (urban or rural), sex, age and age squared.Results: statistically significant differences were found in all anthropometric measurements, and measurements for assessing body composition among the groups of subjects classified as normal, stunted and overweight/obese (p ˂ 0.000). Children who belong to the normal weight group achieve better results in all fitness tests (p < 0.001), except for the handgrip and bent arm hang tests. Overweight/obese children achieve better results in the handgrip fitness test compared to normal and stunted children. Stunted children achieve better results in the bent arm hang fitness test compared to normal and overweight/obese children. Intergroup differences were found in the sit and reach fitness test.Conclusion: when compared to normal weight children, both under- and over-nourished children performed poorer on some, but not all, health-related fitness tests.
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Physical fitness in children and adolescents in rural and urban areas
(Universidad de Alicante Servicio de Publicaciones, 2019)
Sylejmani, Blerim
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Myrtaj, Nazim
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Maliqi, Arben
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Gontarev, Seryozha
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Physical Fitness Reference Standards in Macedonian Children And Adolescent:The Makfit Study
(ARAN Ediciones, 2018-10-17)
Gontarev, Seryozha
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Kalac, Ruzdija
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Velickovska, Lence Aleksovska
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Zivkovic, Vujica
Background: physical fitness is a powerfull indicator of the health coindition in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. This research is performed in order to determine the age and gender stratified reference values for healthy physical fitness for Macodonian children and adolescents and to identify signicicant gender differences.Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional and population-based study examined the physical fitness among a random and large national representative sample of schoolchildren aged six to 14 years in Macedonia. A sample of 9,241 children and adolescents (4,716 boys and 4,525 girls) was assessed by the EUROFIT fitness test battery. The LMS statistical method was used.Results: smoothed gender and age-specific percentiles for the physical fitness tests in boys and girls aged six to 14 years are reported and expressed as both tabulated and curves values (P5, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, P95). Figures showed greater physical fitness levels in boys, except for the sit-and-reach test, in which girls performed slightly better. There was also a trend towards increased physical fitness levels as the age increased in both boys and girls.Conclusion: the percentile values provided will enable the correct interpretation and monitoring of fitness status of Macedonion children.
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Anthropometry and Body Composition of Adolescents in Macedonia
(SciELO Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID), 2018-12)
Myrtaj, Nazim
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Maliqi, Arben
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Gontarev, Seryozha
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Kalac, Ruzdija
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The aim of this research was to determine the level of adiposity and obesity among Macedonian adolescents and to compare the results with previous studies conducted in this population, as well as those conducted in other populations. The sample included 2390 adolescents from four urban different regions of R. Macedonia aged between 11 to 18 years; 1238 males and 1152 females. Weight, height, waist, and hip circumference (WC, HC) as well as triceps, calf, subscapular, and suprailiac skinfold thickness (SFT) were measured. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), subscapular/triceps skinfold ratio (STR), and percentage body fat were computed. The prevalence of overweight and obesity defined by the IOTF children growth reference were calculated and age-dependent and gender-specific smoothed percentile curves for BMI and ROC curves were generated. The boys have statistically significantly higher values of WC, WHR and WHtR in all adult categories (except WHtR at 18 years old), greater body weight at the age of 12 to 18, and body weight 13 to 18 years (p<0.001). Weight, height and BMI are increasing with age in both, boys and girls, and decreases in girls. The level of adiposity of Macedonian adolescents has increased over the past 20 years and has reached the level of developed countries that face an obesity epidemic.
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Physical fitness in children and adolescents in rural and urban areas
(Universidad de Alicante Servicio de Publicaciones, 2019)
Sylejmani, Blerim
;
Myrtaj, Nazim
;
Maliqi, Arben
;
Gontarev, Seryozha
;

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