Institute of Biology

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    EUTROPHICATION – A NEED FOR UNDERSTANDING THE DANGERS FROM AN OLD NEMESIS
    (Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 2026-02-11)
    S. Krstić, Svetislav
    ;
    Aleksovski, Boris
    Nutrient enrichment of aquatic environments, or eutrophication in modern terms, is a fundamental primordial planetary process that enables the proliferation of life in otherwise "sterile" ecosystems. It strongly supports the rapid expansion of primary producers, most of all – the algae, which initiates the formation of sequenced food chains, leading to life boosts in specific areas. This so-called ‘natural’ eutrophication has been a driving force for living forms throughout the history of our planet, and may even have been depicted in the Bible. However, the development of human society, including agriculture, industrial and technological expansion, and waste generation, has been the starting point of socalled ‘cultural’ or accelerated eutrophication that poses numerous problems for both the environment and humans. Based on selected natural and manmade ecosystems in North Macedonia, this paper points out the necessity of understanding and combating the deleterious effect of accelerated eutrophication in all water bodies.
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    NEW AND INTERESTING MAYAMAEA SPECIES (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) FROM OSOGOVO
    (Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 2026-02-11)
    ;
    Zaova, Dušica
    ;
    Observations of asample from a small spring on MountainOsogovo revealed the presence of several interesting and previously unknown small-celled diatom species. Among them, the genus Mayamaeashows relatively high diversi-ty, with at least eight species. Four species are presented in this study, two of which are described as new: Mayamaea matevskianasp. nov. and Mayamaea stafiloviiLevkov & Zaova sp. nov. Mayamaea matevskianais characterized by elliptical to elliptic-lanceolate valves, relatively coarse and strongly radiate striae, an indistinct central area bordered by more distantly positioned central striae, slightly expanded proximal raphe ends, and simple distal raphe ends. Maya-maea stafiloviihas a similar valve morphology and shape of the central area to M. matevskianabut differences can be observed in the valve size (which is considerably smaller than M. matevskiana) and the shape of the external distal ra-phe ends (which are long, slightly deflected, and extend onto the valve mantle). The new species are described based on detailed light and scanning electron microscopic observations.
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    The Role of Reductive Stress in the Pathogenesis of Endocrine-Related Metabolic Diseases and Cancer
    (MDPI AG, 2025-02-23)
    ;
    Sazdova, Iliyana
    ;
    ;
    Konakchieva, Rossitza
    ;
    Gagov, Hristo
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    Translational Advances in Oncogene and Tumor-Suppressor Gene Research
    (MDPI AG, 2025-03-17)
    Stojchevski, Radoslav
    ;
    Sutanto, Edward Agus
    ;
    Sutanto, Rinni
    ;
    ;
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    Exploring the Genetic Orchestra of Cancer: The Interplay Between Oncogenes and Tumor-Suppressor Genes
    (MDPI AG, 2025-03-24)
    Singh, Sajal Raj
    ;
    Bhaskar, Rakesh
    ;
    Ghosh, Shampa
    ;
    Yarlagadda, Bhuvaneshwar
    ;
    Singh, Krishna Kumar
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    Crosstalk between MST1-Hippo and Wnt/β-Catenin, Notch, and PI3K/Akt pathways in cardiac physiology and pathology
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-06-09)
    Wang, Jin
    ;
    Jing, Kai
    ;
    Mitrokhin, Vadim
    ;
    Schileyko, Stanislav
    ;
    Rodina, Anastasija
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    Conoccurence of extraskeletal osteosarcoma and undiagnosed Paget disease in a 49-year-old female
    (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2024-12-21)
    ;
    Todorova, Teodora
    ;
    Popovska, Danica
    ;
    ;
    Angelovska, Tamara
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    Molecular and cytomorphological characterization of
    <i>Pseudanabaena vesniana</i>
    sp. nov. and
    <i>Pseudanabaena suomiensis</i>
    var.
    <i>macedonica</i>
    var. nov. (Pseudanabaenales, Cyanobacteriota) with evidence of microcystin‐producing
    <i>Pseudanabaena</i>
    taxa
    (Wiley, 2025-08-14)
    Aleksovski, Boris
    ;
    Saraf, Aniket
    ;
    Stefanoska, Evgenija
    ;
    Kiprijanovska, Sanja
    ;
    Vuchurević, Ana
    Detailed molecular and cytomorphological characterization of two toxic Pseudanabaena strains (NMCCC 011 and NMCCC 012), isolated from highly polluted shallow areas of Monospitovo Marsh (North Macedonia), was performed using a “polyphasic” approach. This involved morphological and ultrastructural characterization, phylogenetic assessment of the 16S rRNA gene, analyses of the 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA region, and investigations of the mcyB gene. The 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis and the ITS rRNA region analyses confirmed that strain NMCCC 011 was a novel species for which we have proposed the name Pseudanabaena vesniana sp. nov., whereas NMCCC 012 represented a novel variety of Pseudanabaena suomiensis, here designated as P. suomiensis var. macedonica. The overall 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis grouped Pseudanabaena into four large clades. Two of them comprised the primary lineages of diversification, hosting most Pseudanabaena sensu stricto infrageneric units. Most of these units formed distinctly recognizable subclades corresponding to different Pseudanabaena species (Cyanobacteriota); however, some strains were misidentified, leading to several scattered species through different subclades within the genus. Additionally, the genus Pseudanabaena was determined to be polyphyletic, with some strains clustering within the genera Tumidithrix and Thalassoporum (Cyanobacteriota). The 16S rRNA gene sequence identity within Pseudanabaena sensu stricto ranged from 95.7% to 99.9%, while the identity with Tumidithrix, Thalassoporum, and Thermostichus (Cyanobacteriota) ranged from 87.6% to 92.0%. Furthermore, both strains NMCCC 011 and NMCCC 012 produced microcystins and 2-methylisoborneol. The production of microcystins was confirmed by genetic and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses. Through this study, we report the presence of the mcyB gene in Pseudanabaena.
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    Expanding species diversity in the monotypic genera Thalassoporum and Tumidithrix (Pseudanabaenales, Cyanobacteriota) with the description of Thalassoporum mexicanum sp. nov. and Tumidithrix helvetica sp. nov.
    (Microbiology Society, 2025-08-19)
    Saraf, Aniket
    ;
    Aleksovski, Boris
    ;
    Blondet, Eddy
    ;
    Krstić, Svetislav
    ;
    Criscuolo, Alexis
    The taxonomic identity of two well-documented pseudanabaenalean strains, Pseudanabaena sp. PCC 7367T and Pseudanabaena sp. PCC 7403T, isolated from the samples collected from the surface of a snail shell in an intertidal zone and sphagnum bog, respectively, was reassessed using a polyphasic approach. The results from the morphological, phylogenetic, ITS rRNA and genomic analyses confirmed that PCC 7367T (=BACA0810T) and PCC 7403T (=BACA0811T) represent novel species of the monotypic pseudanabaenalean genera Thalassoporum and Tumidithrix, respectively, for which we propose the names Thalassoporum mexicanum sp. nov. and Tumidithrix helvetica sp. nov. in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. The analysis of the 16S-23S ITS rRNA region, a widely used genetic marker for the delineation of closely related species, effectively distinguished the Thalassoporum species. However, the closely related species within Tumidithrix could not be demarcated using the currently accepted nucleotide dissimilarity cutoff for species delineation but were clearly distinguished through genomic analyses. Accordingly, a revised ITS rRNA nucleotide dissimilarity cutoff is proposed for species delineation within the genus Tumidithrix. Furthermore, genomic investigations revealed that the predicted biosynthetic gene clusters in the genome assemblies of PCC 7367T and PCC 7403T were not associated with any known natural products.