Institute of Biology

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Global decoupling of functional and phylogenetic diversity in plant communities
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-12-03)
Hähn, Georg J. A.
;
Damasceno, Gabriella
;
Alvarez-Davila, Esteban
;
Aubin, Isabelle
;
Bauters, Marijn
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Integrative taxonomy reveals cryptic diversity within the Euphorbia nicaeensis alliance (Euphorbiaceae) in the central Balkan Peninsula
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025-04-14)
Sharovikj Ivanova, Angela
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Schönswetter, Peter
;
;
Barfuss, Michael H. J.
;
Ćušterevska, Renata
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Land‐Use Impacts on Plant Functional Diversity Throughout Europe
(Wiley, 2024-12-13)
Rosa, Francesca
;
van Bodegom, Peter M.
;
Hellweg, Stefanie
;
Pfister, Stephan
;
Biurrun, Idoia
ABSTRACT Aim Global biodiversity loss resulting from anthropogenic land‐use activities is a pressing concern, requiring precise assessments of impacts at large spatial extents. Existing models mainly focus on species richness and abundance, lacking insights into ecological mechanisms and species' roles in ecosystem functioning. To bridge this gap, we conducted an extensive analysis of the impact of human land use on vascular plant functional diversity across diverse land‐use classes and bioregions in Europe, comparing it to traditional metrics. Location Europe. Time Period 1992–2019. Major Taxa Studied Vascular plants. Methods Integrating extensive databases of vegetation plots with spatial data on land use and land cover, we paired plots from areas actively used and modified by humans with plots from natural habitats under similar environmental conditions. Using species occurrences and traits, in each plot we computed three complementary functional diversity metrics (functional richness, evenness and divergence), species richness and abundance. We assessed the impact of land use by comparing the metrics in the paired plots. Results Our findings revealed that, compared to natural habitats, anthropogenic land use exhibits lower functional richness and divergence but higher functional evenness across most land‐use classes and bioregions. The response of functional richness was more marked than the other two metrics and especially pronounced in croplands and urban areas and in northern bioregions. Functional richness exhibited a pattern that did not fully overlap with the trend in species richness, providing useful complementary information. Main Conclusions We provide a large‐scale precise assessment of anthropogenic land‐use impacts on functional diversity across Europe. Our findings indicate that: (i) human disturbance significantly alters plant functional diversity compared to natural habitats; (ii) this alteration goes in the direction of functional homogenisation within sites; (iii) functional diversity metrics complement traditional metrics by offering deeper insights into the ecological mechanisms in response to anthropogenic land use.
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Six Decades of Losses and Gains in Alpha Diversity of European Plant Communities
(Wiley, 2025-11)
Midolo, Gabriele
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Clark, Adam Thomas
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Chytrý, Milan
;
Essl, Franz
;
Dullinger, Stefan
ABSTRACT
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Learning the syntax of plant assemblages
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-10-13)
Leblanc, César
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Bonnet, Pierre
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Servajean, Maximilien
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Thuiller, Wilfried
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Chytrý, Milan
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Developing and Validating Species Distribution Models for Wetland Plants Across Europe
(Wiley, 2025-04)
Sumbh, Ojaswi
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Hellegers, Marjon
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Barbarossa, Valerio
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Ćušterevska, Renata
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Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja
ABSTRACT
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Annual Vegetation of Saline Seasonal Wetlands (
<i>Crypsietea aculeatae</i>
) in Europe
(Wiley, 2025-10)
Iemelianova, Svitlana
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Dítě, Daniel
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Dítě, Zuzana
;
Willner, Wolfgang
;
Bergmeier, Erwin
ABSTRACT Aims The class Crypsietea aculeatae comprises pioneer ephemeral dwarf‐graminoid vegetation occurring in periodically flooded saline habitats. Although numerous regional studies have described this vegetation, a unified classification across Europe has been lacking. This study aims to establish a formalized, continent‐wide classification at the association level, identify its biogeographical patterns, and assess relationships between species composition and environmental gradients. Location Europe (except Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Russia). Methods We compiled a dataset of 2538 vegetation plots from the European Vegetation Archive (EVA), private databases, and literature. A hierarchical expert system was developed using formal definitions of syntaxa based on species cover. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling ( NMDS ) was applied to evaluate compositional differences and reveal biogeographical patterns. Distance‐based redundancy analysis (db‐ RDA ) and unweighted community means of Ellenberg‐type indicator values ( EIVs ) were used to assess environmental drivers. Results We present a revised syntaxonomic framework for the class Crypsietea aculeatae and propose updates to the EuroVegChecklist . One alliance ( Cypero‐Spergularion marinae ) and four associations ( Crypsietum aculeatae , Crypsietum schoenoidis , Cyperetum pannonici , and Oxybasio chenopodioidis‐Crypsietum aculeatae ) were formally defined, with basic descriptions of their species composition, ecological characteristics, and geographical distribution. The main gradients in vegetation variability within the class Crypsietea aculeatae are driven by climatic gradient and edaphic factors, including soil moisture, soil acidity, salinity, and nutrient availability. Conclusions We established the first formal classification of annual vegetation in European saline seasonal wetlands. The syntaxonomic nomenclature was revised, and modifications to the EuroVegChecklist were proposed. The resulting classification system, accompanied by an expert system, enables consistent application in nature conservation and ecological research.
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The
genus <i>Carex</i> (Cyperaceae) in Kosovo
(University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 2025-09-18)
Berisha, Naim
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Millaku, Fadil
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Krasniqi, Elez
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Ćušterevska, Renata
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Mala, Xhavit
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EUNIS habitat maps: enhancing thematic and spatial resolution for Europe through machine learning
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-12-11)
Si-Moussi, Sara
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Hennekens, Stephan
;
Mücher, Sander
;
De Keersmaecker, Wanda
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Chytrý, Milan
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Land‐Use Impacts on Plant Functional Diversity Throughout Europe
(Wiley, 2024-12-13)
Rosa, Francesca
;
van Bodegom, Peter M.
;
Hellweg, Stefanie
;
Pfister, Stephan
;
Biurrun, Idoia
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim</jats:title><jats:p>Global biodiversity loss resulting from anthropogenic land‐use activities is a pressing concern, requiring precise assessments of impacts at large spatial extents. Existing models mainly focus on species richness and abundance, lacking insights into ecological mechanisms and species' roles in ecosystem functioning. To bridge this gap, we conducted an extensive analysis of the impact of human land use on vascular plant functional diversity across diverse land‐use classes and bioregions in Europe, comparing it to traditional metrics.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Location</jats:title><jats:p>Europe.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Time Period</jats:title><jats:p>1992–2019.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Major Taxa Studied</jats:title><jats:p>Vascular plants.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Integrating extensive databases of vegetation plots with spatial data on land use and land cover, we paired plots from areas actively used and modified by humans with plots from natural habitats under similar environmental conditions. Using species occurrences and traits, in each plot we computed three complementary functional diversity metrics (functional richness, evenness and divergence), species richness and abundance. We assessed the impact of land use by comparing the metrics in the paired plots.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Our findings revealed that, compared to natural habitats, anthropogenic land use exhibits lower functional richness and divergence but higher functional evenness across most land‐use classes and bioregions. The response of functional richness was more marked than the other two metrics and especially pronounced in croplands and urban areas and in northern bioregions. Functional richness exhibited a pattern that did not fully overlap with the trend in species richness, providing useful complementary information.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>We provide a large‐scale precise assessment of anthropogenic land‐use impacts on functional diversity across Europe. Our findings indicate that: (i) human disturbance significantly alters plant functional diversity compared to natural habitats; (ii) this alteration goes in the direction of functional homogenisation within sites; (iii) functional diversity metrics complement traditional metrics by offering deeper insights into the ecological mechanisms in response to anthropogenic land use.</jats:p></jats:sec>

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