Hans Em Faculty of Forest Sciences, Landscape Architecture and Environmental Engineering
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Item type:Publication, Effect of Wildfire on Forest Soils in Maleshevo–Pijanec Region(Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje - Hans Em Faculty of Forest Sciences, Landscape Architecture and Environmental Engineering, 2022-06-20)For the last three decades, wildfires have been a significant problem for forests and forestry, causing great economic and environmental damage. They are common in Malesh and Pijanec region, as well as throughout the country. In 2021, a total of 192 wildfires were recorded in North Macedonia. The big wildfire in Maleshevo–Pijanec region occurred in the period 2-11 August 2021, estimated at 6,378 hectares of burned oak and pine forests area. The burnt area is mostly represented by Complex of Mollic and Umbric Leptosol, Regosol and Leptosol with 30.8% of the territory, followed by Complex of Mollic and Umbric Leptosol with 17.4%, Complex of Albic Livisol and Regosol with 11.2% and Chromic Luvisol on Saprolite with 9.4%. In this research, the effects of fire on biological, chemical and physical properties of soils are analysed. The most affected areas after the fire show increased biological activity and an abundance of symbiosis between plants, fungi and bacteria as a result of increased pH and release of nutrients from the ash. The fire significantly affected the soil fauna due to the burning of the root system, so it is severely disturbed up to 2 cm of depth, moderately disturbed up to 8 cm, partially disturbed up to 15 cm and weakly disturbed in the deeper soil layers. Food sources for soil fauna are significantly reduced. Occurrence of certain types of fungi has been recorded in the burned area. The increased biological activity and the increased amount of nutrients have enabled the accelerated multiplication of bacteria. The fire has decreased the capacity for cation exchange (CCE). Sandy soils show lowest CCE after the fire, of 100 meq/100 g of soil in pine stands and 180 meq/100 g of soil in oak stands. Increased soil acidity and increased soil biological activity indicate improved nitrification, especially in burnt acid soils. The fire decreased organic carbon (C) content in soils and caused structural changes in aliphatic compounds, while humic acids remained unchanged. Carbonated plant debris in large quantities are accumulated on the soil surface (to a depth of 2 cm), where it makes up 30-40% of the soil. Burnt soils are black coloured as a result of the coal-fired organic waste and the black ash created by incomplete combustion. Surface accumulated ash (up to 1.5 cm of depth) contains Ca, Mg, K, Si and P. Soil water repellency is present in the burned soils, but it is not strongly expressed and is not a limiting factor for future revitalisation activities. The aggregate composition is significantly changed to a depth of up to 15 cm, mainly through changes in porosity and water retention capacity. It can be concluded that it will take relatively long time for the soils to return to their original condition. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Machine-learning algorithms evaluation of growing stock prediction, based on inventory and sentinel spectral data on two beech forest sites in Bosnia and Macedonia(2018-10-10); ; - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Collection of experiences from 25 years work on seed propagation of allochthonous dendroflora at the Hans Em Faculty of Forest Sciences, Landscape Architecture and Environmental Engineering in Skopje and the surrpoundings(Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje Hans Em Faculty of Forest Sciences, Landscape Architecture and Environmental Engineering, 2022-06); ; Various efforts in the past decades have contributed for a large variety of allochthonous tree species to become a part of the urban and suburban landscape in Skopje. Of more than 200 registered allochthonous species in the urban and suburban green areas of the city of Skopje, we propagated from seed 65 species, of which 19 coniferous and 46 broadleaved, and subsequently analysed the attributes of their generative propagation potential. This paper summarizes 25 years’ experience in generative propagation of allochthonous species at the „Hans Em“ Faculty of Forest Sciences, Landscape Architecture and Environmental Engineering (HEF) in Skopje, R. of North Macedonia. The collected cones, fruits or seeds were processed to obtain sawing reproductive material. According to the quantity of the collected material and seeds/fruits characteristics, the quality features of the seeds were examined (seed germination rate or viability, seed purity). Prior sawing, according to species dormancy characteristics, different pre-sowing treatments were performed, e.g., pre-soaking in cold water; hydro-thermal procedure; pre-soaking in warm water; maceration in hydrogen chloride; and seed cold stratification. The seeds were sawn in the nurseries of the HEF and in some nurseries of the PE National forests, in containers or in soil. Selection of the nurseries for the seedling production was made in terms with the ecological conditions, favourable for the certain species. One-year old seedling were measured for the shoot height (SH) and root collar diameter (RCD). Seeds germination/viability rate varies in wide range. Seedlings features also vary, depending mostly on nursery technology (bare root and container seedlings) and skills of the nursery stuff. Largest differences in seedlings SH and RDC were recorded within the broadleaved bare root seedlings (e.g. in black locust up to 1000%), while in coniferous species the differences were not of such high significance. Generally, one-year old coniferous seedlings achieved better results in containers, while seedlings of broadleaved species in soil. These results, achieved during two-and-half decades, demonstrate that urban and suburban green areas in the city of Skopje can provide reproductive material for nursery production of species both for ornamental and reforestation purpose. Thus, further optimization as well as research regarding most suitable techniques for generative propagation is needed. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Biological control of chestnut blight by induced mass conidia production of hypovirulent isolates of Cryphonectria parasitica on excised chestnut stems(IUFRO 125th Anniversary Congress, 18 – 22 September 2017, Freiburg, Germany, 2017-09-18); - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Ecology and distributionof Armillaria spp. in fYR of Macedonia(XVIth Congress of European Mycologists, 2011-09); - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Topiary plants in today’s landscape design(University of Forestry in Sofia, Faculty of Ecology and Landscape Architecture in Sofia, 2011); Topiary plants in the recent landscape designing are taking the chance of being the most distinguished parts of the open green spaces. As recognizable element of the classic Renaissance and Baroque gardens in European Villas, their appearance dates from the time of the Roman Empire and first villas and gardens there. Evergreen shrubs and trees with dense foliage were shaped and trained through the ages, raising them to the level of art forms that easily find their places in the classic gardens in the past as well in todays designed open green spaces. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, THE USAGE OF SOME DECORATIVE REPRESENTATIVES OF PICEA Mill GENUS IN THE LANDSCAPE DESIGN IN SKOPJE (REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA)(Faculty of Agricultural sciences and food - Skopje, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, R. Macedonia, 2012); With the development of landscape design in our region, the interest for decorative species has increased. The usage of the already present ones became bigger and in the same time numbers of new species, varieties and cultivars were introduced. Thus, many representatives of the Picea Mill genus can be found which, considering their physiological, ecological and specific morphological characteristics (form, texture and color), take their places on our green areas. The aim of this research is to point out the representatives of the Picea Mill genus that can be found in our region and also to determine their usage when designing the open green spaces. There are recommendations for the usage of some of them as elements or part of the elements of the landscape design. For this research was used the visual method, which considers finding out and determining the representatives of the Picea Mill genus in the green areas, garden centers and nurseries as well. It was concluded that the most present taxons of the Picea Mill genus are: Picea abies, Picea abies ‘Inversa Pendula’, Picea abies ‘Nidiformis’, Picea glauca ‘Conica’, Picea omorica, Picea pungens, Picea pungens ‘Glauca’, Picea pungens ‘Glauca Globosa’ and Picea pungens ‘Hoopsii’. Their frequent and complex usage in the design of the green areas as focal points, specimen plants, in plant grouping, as parts of alpineums and rock gardens, is due to the specific morphological characteristics as well as their shape and height. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Impact of Chestnut Blight Disease on Radial Growth of Infected Castanea Sativa Trees(Forestry, Bridge to the Future, 2021-05); ; ; - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Ревитализација на опожарени шумски екосистеми преку природно обновување(Македонско еколошко друштво, 2013); ; ; Шумските екосистеми се еден од најзначајните столбови на растителниот и животинскиот биодиверзитет, но нивната стабилност и одржливост често пати е загрозувана од различни биотски, антропогени или абиотски фактори. Во одредени случаи настанува и до целосно уништување на одреден шумски екосистем. Во таквите случаи многу чест и многу сериозен причинител се шумските пожари, кои за кусо време опожаруваат големи шумски површини и значително го нарушуваат или целосно уништуваат шумскиот екосистем. Сепак, способноста за природно обновување како карактеристика на шумската дендрофлора е значаен фактор за повторно воспоставување на шумска вегетација на опожарените шумски површини и целосна ревитализација на шумскиот екосистем. Целта на овој труд е да се утврдат основите природни сукцесивни процеси на шумската дрвенеста вегетација кои се појавуваат некоку години по силен шумски пожар од кој целосно е уништен шумскиот екосистем. Со проучувањето на појавата, развитокот, квалитативните и квантитативни карактеристики на единките од природната обнова се добиени податоци за можноста и успешноста на ревитализацијата на опожарениот шумски екосситем. За таа цел извршени се теренски истражувања преку директни мерења и проучувања на природната обнова со методот на пробни површини. Добиените резултати укажуваат на тоа дека опожарената шумска површина постепено се ревитализира, првенствено со пионерски видови од шумската дендрофлора, но за целосна ревитализација на шумскиот екосистем е потребен долг временски период. The forest ecosystems are one of the most important foundations of the biological diversity concerning flora and fauna, but forest’s natural balance and sustainability are often on impact and influence by wide spectra of biotic, anthropogenic or abiotic factors. In specific circumstances, some of the forest ecosystems can be totally destroyed. Namely, the wildfires, in particular forest fires can cause enormous consequences and devastating impact on forest ecosystems; for short period of time forest fires can burn large forest mass and make the forest ecosystem an erasure. Even so, the forest vegetation has a very important and essential ability- the dendrofloral capacity for natural regeneration, both vegetative and by seed, and for a period of time to re-establish and implicitly rehabilitate, i.e. to grew up and become a forest as it once was. The main purpose of this scientific paper is to determine and note the basic natural succession processes of the forest dynamics after forest fire, particularly the natural regeneration of the forest woody species. Thus, determination of the appearance, development, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the individuals in a natural regeneration process were made and the data base was analyzed to see the possibility and efficiency of the rehabilitation of the burned forest ecosystem. Therefore, field examinations were made using direct measurements and research of the presence of the natural regeneration; the method of the sample plats was used. The results indicate that burned forest area gradually and progressively regenerates, primarily with pioneer species of the forest dendroflora. After all, for complete rehabilitation of the forest ecosystem there is a need of a long period of time; eventually, the forest regenerates slowly, but assuredly. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Forest associations of the National Park Mavrovo in the Republic of Macedonia(Editura Universitătii Ştefan cel Mare Suceava, 2012); In this scientific paper are observed data related to research conducted of the phytocoenological characteristics of the territory of the National Park Mavrovo in the Republic of Macedonia. Therefore, visited and explored were the mountain massifs: Shar Planina, Korab and Bistra. Within the completed surveys, the standard phytocoenological method of Braun-Blanquet was used. On the teritory of the Park, authors noted and identified 28 forest communities (19% of the 148 identified plant communities in the Republic of Macedonia), i.e. 4 coastal floodplain (riparian) forest communities, 18 typical forest communities and 6 degraded-coppice forests. Coppice forests until now have not been guided in the literature. Also were disclosed forests with virgin forest’s character. In addition to natural forest communities, listed are artificial forest stands. Likewise, were discovered new data of certain phytocoenological phenomena, as in the Park, and in Macedonia. New insights arising from this research are particularly important, taking into account the rapid progress of studies on vegetation in Europe (creating ecological networks) and thus solve the important forest ecosystem problems. Extensive scientific work will undoubtedly lead to the creation of a solid and relevant base of phytocoenological data that will provide the conditions for protection of significant forest communities in the Park and thus in Macedonia.