Hans Em Faculty of Forest Sciences, Landscape Architecture and Environmental Engineering
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Item type:Publication, The cadmium and mercury contents in the liver tissue of wild boar (Sus Scrofa) from different hunting grounds in the western part of North Macedonia(University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, 2023-09-18)Maletić, V., Cokoski, K., Beukovič, D., Horvatovic Polovinski, M., Vukadinovic, M.Due to its relatively long lifespan and its biological characteristics, hunting game is increasingly used as a biomonitor of environmental pollution. In this study wild boars were used as biomonitor of cadmium and mercury occurrence in different hunting grounds located around seven cities (Resen, Ohrid, Kičevo, Kruševo, Debar, Prilep and Bitola) in the region of the western part of North Macedonia. The samples of wild boar livers (n = 49) were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) for cadmium concentration and by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAA) for mercury. All wild boars were shot during a regular hunting season 2018. For both heavy metals, no statistically significant difference was found between locations (p value > 0.05). The average concertation by locations for Cd ranged from 159.1 to 461.4 μg/kg, with the mean concentration for all 368.3 μg/kg, while for Hg ranged from 11.4 to 65.9 μg/kg with the mean concentration for all 34.99 μg/kg. The 20.4% (Cd) and 4% (Hg) from a total of 49 samples exceed the maximum permissible limits for cadmium (500 μg/kg) and mercury (100 μg/kg) according to the legal regulation in North Macedonia. The maximum value for Cd (1929 μg/kg) and Hg (252 μg/kg) were found in hunting ground located near city Prilep. The concentration of mercury in 20.4% or a total of 10 samples was below limit of detection, while cadmium was detected in all samples. Despite the fact that certain values exceed the permissible limits for investigated heavy metals, the average values are below the maximum permissible limits. It can be concluded that the western part of North Macedonia is not exposed to cadmium and mercury contamination however there is need for the further research in this area. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The occurrence of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, As, Hg) in the liver of wild boars in the Republic of North Macedonia(University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, 2023-09-18)Cokoski, K., Beuković, D., Maletić, V., Horvatovic Polovinski, M., Tanovski, V., Vukadinovic, M., Dimitrieska-Stojković, E., Enimiteva, V.Wild boars are widely distributed in the world and can be found in Eurasia, the southern part of Asia, and some of the islands of Indonesia. As omnivores they are well suited as biological indicators of the occurrence of heavy metals due to their relatively long lifespans, widely distribution, and relatively high numbered shot animals per annual legal hunting season. Concentrations of cadmium, lead, arsenic and mercury were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry and cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry in the livers of free-living wild boars (n = 58) from Bitola and Gevgelija locations in the Republic of North Macedonia. In all four examined heavy metals, there was not found a statistically significant difference between the locations. Mean levels of heavy metals (mg/kg) in the livers of boars ranged as follows: Cd - 0.391 mg/kg and 0.339 mg/kg; Pb - 0.213mg/kg and 0.204 mg/kg; Hg - 0.034 mg/kg and 0.037 mg/kg; As - 0.035 mg/kg and 0.029 mg/kg in Bitola and Gevgelija, respectively. Although some samples (two samples of Hg, ten samples of Cd and two samples of Pb) exceed the legal limits, the average values for all heavy metals were far below the permitted values. These results are encouraging because they indicate a relatively good condition of the ecosystem in terms of heavy metal pollution in the Republic of North Macedonia. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Long-term monitoring of deoxynivalenol in Serbian maize: A 2010-2023 study(Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON/CEES), 2025) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Forest Regeneration and Tree Damage – How to Assess the Impact of Wild Ungulates?(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2025-12-01) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Abiotic factors impact on soil respiration(Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment. Novi Sad, Serbia., 2025-12-05); ; Soil respiration describes the process of gas exchange between organisms and their environment. As one of the key processes in ecosystems, soil respiration is linked to ecosystem productivity, soil fertility, and the regional and global carbon cycles. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of abiotic factors, particularly variations in air temperature and humidity, on the intensity of soil respiration in the dystric cambisols within the Quercetum montanum typicum forest community at the National Park “Fruška Gora” in the Vojvodina Province of Serbia. A total of 32 site visits were conducted in 2014–2017 period to obtain site-specific data on air and soil temperature and humidity, and soil evaporation and respiration. The key findings indicate that the variations in air temperature and humidity significantly impact soil respiration. In most cases, soil respiration positively correlates with soil temperature; however, in some years, a nonlinear response has been observed, which may indicate thermal stress at higher temperatures. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, МИКОБИОЛОШКA АКТИВНОСТ И ДИСАЊЕ ЗЕМЉИШТА У ЗАВИСНОСТИ ОД ТЕМПЕРАТУРЕ И ВЛАЖНОСТИ(2025-10-08)Soil microbial processes are a key component of the carbon and energy cycle in terrestrial ecosystems, with enzymatic activities and microbial respiration playing a central role in the decomposition of organic matter and the release of carbon dioxide. Dehydrogenase activity (DHA) is a reliable bioindicator of total microbial activity, while soil respiration (Rs) represents the conditions under which microbial metabolic pathways occur. In the past decade or so, numerous separate studies of soil characteristics, microbial activity and soil respiration have been conducted on Fruška Gora. So far, no study has been conducted that would contribute to a better understanding of the influence of soil temperature and humidity on microbial activity and soil respiration. The studied area is located in the NP “Fruška Gora”, GJ Popovica – Majdan – Zmajevac, 20/c, in a coppice forest of sessile oak (Quercetum montanum typicum) with an admixture of beech (Fagus moesiaca (Domin, Maly) Czecz). The terrain is very steep, altitudes 475–505 m, southeast exposure, geological base is shale, and the soil is dystric cambisol. A total of 32 field visits were conducted in the period 2014–2017. for measurements of air and soil temperature and humidity, as well as soil sampling for laboratory analysis. In this study, the relationships between soil dehydrogenase activity (DHA), soil temperature (Soil T), soil water content (SWC), and soil respiration rate (Rs) were analyzed during three growing seasons (2014, 2015, and 2017) using linear and polynomial regression models. The results show that the relationship between Soil T and DHA varies significantly depending on the year, implying that the influence of temperature likely depends on the interaction with other abiotic factors. The relationship between SWC and DHA also indicates a highly non-linear character, polynomial models significantly better explain the variability of DHA (R² = 0.641 – 0.92), which indicates that there is an optimal water content in the soil where DHA is most expressed. Analysis of the relationship between Soil T and Rs of the soil shows a positive correlation with pronounced interannual variability. The relationship between SWC and Rs emphasizes the importance of the water regime as a limiting factor for microbial activity. Analysis of the relationship between DHA and Rs indicates a potential mutual dependence of these biochemical processes, but largely dependent on the year and environmental conditions. It can be concluded that DHA and Rs are significantly related to Soil T and SWC, but are not consistent between seasons. Interactions between microbiological activity and abiotic factors show marked non-linearity, which confirms the necessity of using multi-level (polynomial) models in ecological studies of soil processes. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Effect of Wildfire on Forest Soils in Maleshevo–Pijanec Region(Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje - Hans Em Faculty of Forest Sciences, Landscape Architecture and Environmental Engineering, 2022-06-20)For the last three decades, wildfires have been a significant problem for forests and forestry, causing great economic and environmental damage. They are common in Malesh and Pijanec region, as well as throughout the country. In 2021, a total of 192 wildfires were recorded in North Macedonia. The big wildfire in Maleshevo–Pijanec region occurred in the period 2-11 August 2021, estimated at 6,378 hectares of burned oak and pine forests area. The burnt area is mostly represented by Complex of Mollic and Umbric Leptosol, Regosol and Leptosol with 30.8% of the territory, followed by Complex of Mollic and Umbric Leptosol with 17.4%, Complex of Albic Livisol and Regosol with 11.2% and Chromic Luvisol on Saprolite with 9.4%. In this research, the effects of fire on biological, chemical and physical properties of soils are analysed. The most affected areas after the fire show increased biological activity and an abundance of symbiosis between plants, fungi and bacteria as a result of increased pH and release of nutrients from the ash. The fire significantly affected the soil fauna due to the burning of the root system, so it is severely disturbed up to 2 cm of depth, moderately disturbed up to 8 cm, partially disturbed up to 15 cm and weakly disturbed in the deeper soil layers. Food sources for soil fauna are significantly reduced. Occurrence of certain types of fungi has been recorded in the burned area. The increased biological activity and the increased amount of nutrients have enabled the accelerated multiplication of bacteria. The fire has decreased the capacity for cation exchange (CCE). Sandy soils show lowest CCE after the fire, of 100 meq/100 g of soil in pine stands and 180 meq/100 g of soil in oak stands. Increased soil acidity and increased soil biological activity indicate improved nitrification, especially in burnt acid soils. The fire decreased organic carbon (C) content in soils and caused structural changes in aliphatic compounds, while humic acids remained unchanged. Carbonated plant debris in large quantities are accumulated on the soil surface (to a depth of 2 cm), where it makes up 30-40% of the soil. Burnt soils are black coloured as a result of the coal-fired organic waste and the black ash created by incomplete combustion. Surface accumulated ash (up to 1.5 cm of depth) contains Ca, Mg, K, Si and P. Soil water repellency is present in the burned soils, but it is not strongly expressed and is not a limiting factor for future revitalisation activities. The aggregate composition is significantly changed to a depth of up to 15 cm, mainly through changes in porosity and water retention capacity. It can be concluded that it will take relatively long time for the soils to return to their original condition. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Prioritizing Plants around the Cross-Border Area of Greece and the Republic of North Macedonia: Integrated Conservation Actions and Sustainable Exploitation Potential(MDPI AG, 2022-07-16) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Mapping and national assessment of ecosystems and their condition in North Macedonia(Macedonian Ecological Society, 2024) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Impact of Systematic Groups of Microorganisms on Dehydrogenase Activity in Soils Within Quercetum montanum typicum Forest Community(MDPI AG, 2025-02-12);