Hans Em Faculty of Forest Sciences, Landscape Architecture and Environmental Engineering
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Item type:Publication, Development of Erosion Protection Zones in the Catchment of the Reservoir “Kalimanci”, North Macedonia(IJERD – International Journal of Environmental and Rural Development, 2023); ; ; Trendafilov, BozhinConstruction of reservoirs is a priority for ensuring sustainability of water resources. In the Republic of North Macedonia, there are 23 big and over 120 small water reservoirs. On the other hand, erosion and the filling of reservoirs with sediment is one of the main problems in reducing the lifespan of the reservoir. The total annual accumulated sediment in all the reservoirs in the Republic of Macedonia is 3,000,000 m3 (Erosion map of RM, 1993). The selected study area for the current research is the Kalimanci reservoir in the frames of the catchment of the Bregalnica River, North Macedonia. The main method used to estimate the sediment transport on catchment level is the Erosion Potential Method (EPM; Gavrilovic method), and the validity is assessed on the basis of accumulated sediment in the reservoirs. The EPM method only estimates the total transported sediment at one point. To estimate how the sediment is transported, re-transported, and accumulated in the river bed, a hydraulic sediment transport model (HEC RAS) was used. Then the critical sub-catchments from an erosion point of view are delineated. Most of the critical sub-catchments are situated around the Kalimanci reservoir, while the middle of the catchment experiences erosion of medium severity, and the highest parts of the Bregalnica River are the least critical. The largest part of the sediment transported by the Bregalnica River (nearly 75%) is deposited in the valleys. With the aggregation of the previous steps, the erosion zones of the Kalimanci reservoir were identified. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Relation between the level of degradation and the wind speed reduction efficiency of tree windbreaks systems in Ovche Pole region, Macedonia(IJERD – International Journal of Environmental and Rural Development, 2022); Mihara, MachitoOvche Pole is an agricultural region in Macedonia with dry climatic conditions characterized by low precipitation and high ambient temperatures during the growing period as well as prevailing winds that are present considerable time of the year. During the 1950s series of measures have been implemented to improve the agriculture productivity in the region. One of the measures taken was the establishment of tree windbreaks (field shelterbelts) aimed to reduce wind velocity and protect shelter crops. Ever since they become essential elements for the regional landscape, performing many important ecosystem functions. As far as authors' knowledge, so far there are no scientific studies that investigated the performance of the tree windbreaks in Ovche Pole-research area of this study. To fill the gap of scientific data, this study examines the relation between wind reduction efficiency of tree windbreaks with their level of degradation in that area. Optical porosity is used as a proxy for quantitative description of the level of degradation of the structure of the tree windbreaks. To this aim, field measurements for wind velocity and optical porosity (OP) were done on 3 (three) windbreaks sections. Photogrammetry method was used to determent the porosity at each windbreak section. Wind velocity field measurements were done with two handheld cone anemometers The windspeed reduction efficiency was assessed by comparing the windspeed at the windward side with the windspeed at 3 points on the leeward side. The results show that the level of degradation is significantly related with the relative windspeed at distance of 30m and 60m from the tree line at the leeward side.