Faculty of Medicine
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Item type:Publication, Prevalence of Rotaviruses in the Etiology of Acute Diarrhea in Young Children, Clinical forms, Extraintestinal Manifestations and Complications(Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts/Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2020-11-01); ; ; Rotavirus is highly contagious factor with dominant feces-oral transmission. Because it is stable in external environment, transmission clusters are possible by close contact, ingestion of contaminated water or food or contact with contaminated surfaces. It survives within hours and days on hands and contaminated surfaces. This makes it the most common enteric and nosocomial pathogen in the world, especially in early childhood. In addition to the rapid dehydration with pronounced electrolyte disturbances, numerous extraintestinal possibilities have been recorded in the clinical picture, which emphasizes the need for prevention of this disease. In the period from 1.02.2018 to 31.01.2020 at the Clinic for Infectious diseases were treated 1060 patients with diarrheal disease, of which 502 children (47.36%). Rotavirus etiology was confirmed in 23.30% of the children. According to the protocols, laboratory and biochemical investigations were done to all 117 children, with tracking parameters and their dynamics of admission and discharge from the hospital. Most of the children, 84 (82.0 6%) are from urban areas, with a more confirmed epidemiological survey of 59 (42.00%). The average age of the children was 8 months, with a small percentage of children on maternal food (breastfed 25, i.e. 21.37%), with high febrile admission in 99% of children with an average temperature of 38.5oC and an average febrile duration of 4 days, with an average of 7 ( + 2.49) of stools and 5 ( + 2.12) of vomiting. There was a significant difference in hematocrit, leukocyte, electrolyte, glycaemia, and CRP values on admission and discharge. There was predominant isonatremic dehydration, and the compensatory mechanisms followed by the values of the electrolytes ABS, Ph, BE showed a tendency to maintain within the physiological limits. The clinical picture of extraintestinal manifestations included bronchitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, upper respiratory infections and rash. Rotavirus infection is a serious health and economic problem in our country, so it needs continuous prevention and monitoring in order to reduce the incidence, and thus the need for hospitalization and cure of rotavirus disease. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, HEPATITIS B IMMUNIZATION IN THE MATERNITY WARD OF THE UNIVERSITY CLINIC FOR GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS IN R. N. MACEDONIA(Department of Anaesthesia and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, R.N. Macedonia, 2024-05); Duvlis, SotirijaIntroduction: The beginning of the fight against infectious diseases is marked by receiving the first dose of Hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine in the maternity ward. It is a recombinant viral vaccine that stimulates active immunity. Unfortunately, on a global level, there is a decline in vaccination coverage of children for all vaccines. Our study aims to assess the coverage of the first dose of vaccine against the HepB among newborns in our hospital during 2023. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study and it included data for HepB vaccination from all newborns born at the University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics from 01.01.2023 to 31.12.2023. Results: There were 3,917 live births in total in our maternity hospital in the year 2023. 3,235 (82.6%) of the newborns were vaccinated against the HepB virus, while 682 (17.4%) of the newborns remained unvaccinated. In the first 24 hours after the birth and the first 7 days, 2,912 and 323 newborns were vaccinated respectively. Out of the 682 unvaccinated, 30 have been transferred to another health facility, 8 were unvaccinated due to the written consent from the parents for postponing vaccination, and 644 newborns remained to be vaccinated in the vaccination dispensary, where individual calendars for immunization would be created. Conclusion: In order not to lose the battle with infectious diseases at a time of intensive technical- technological development, it is necessary to be more active and to continuously participate in the process of immunization at all levels of the health care. Immunization of newborns with HepB vaccine is an effective measure to control HepB infection and prevent liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Prevalence of Rotaviruses in the Etiology of Acute Diarrhea in Young Children, Clinical forms, Extraintestinal Manifestations and Complications(Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts/Sciendo, 2020-12-08); ; ; ; Rotavirus is highly contagious factor with dominant feces-oral transmission. Because it is stable in external environment, transmission clusters are possible by close contact, ingestion of contaminated water or food or contact with contaminated surfaces. It survives within hours and days on hands and contaminated surfaces. This makes it the most common enteric and nosocomial pathogen in the world, especially in early childhood. In addition to the rapid dehydration with pronounced electrolyte disturbances, numerous extraintestinal possibilities have been recorded in the clinical picture, which emphasizes the need for prevention of this disease.In the period from 1.02.2018 to 31.01.2020 at the Clinic for Infectious diseases were treated 1060 patients with diarrheal disease, of which 502 children (47.36%). Rotavirus etiology was confirmed in 23.30% of the children. According to the protocols, laboratory and biochemical investigations were done to all 117 children, with tracking parameters and their dynamics of admission and discharge from the hospital. Most of the children, 84 (82.0 6%) are from urban areas, with a more confirmed epidemiological survey of 59 (42.00%). The average age of the children was 8 months, with a small percentage of children on maternal food (breastfed 25, i.e. 21.37%), with high febrile admission in 99% of children with an average temperature of 38.5oC and an average febrile duration of 4 days, with an average of 7 (+ 2.49) of stools and 5 (+ 2.12) of vomiting. There was a significant difference in hematocrit, leukocyte, electrolyte, glycaemia, and CRP values on admission and discharge. There was predominant isonatremic dehydration, and the compensatory mechanisms followed by the values of the electrolytes ABS, Ph, BE showed a tendency to maintain within the physiological limits. The clinical picture of extraintestinal manifestations included bronchitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, upper respiratory infections and rash.Rotavirus infection is a serious health and economic problem in our country, so it needs continuous prevention and monitoring in order to reduce the incidence, and thus the need for hospitalization and cure of rotavirus disease. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, The Significance of Imunohematology Research in Relation to Menagement of Hemolitical Diseases of the Newborn in Republic of Macedonia(Scientific foundation Spiroski, 2014)Intorduction: The hemolytic disease of the fetus and the newborn (HBFN) is a clinical syndrome at which the basic patho-physiological disorder represents a hemolytic anemia of the fetus or the newborn. Besides the RhIG prophylaxis it still represents one of the reasons for morbidity and mortality of the fetus and the newborn. Goal: Prompt discovery of allosensibilisation to RBC antigens during pregnancy and successful management of HBFN, in order to decrease morbidity and mortality of the fetus and the newborn. Materials and methods: The study comprises in total 23 800 patients, 14 858 pregnant women and 8 842 newborn babies. The screening and identification of anti RBC’s antibodies detected in total 216 alloantibodies, out of which 81% (175) had a clinical significance. Out of the above mentioned 164 alloantibodies (65,9%) belong to the Rh system. The most often reason for a severe hemolytic disease is the anti-D antibody. The HBFN symptoms of mild and moderate degree demonstrated 32,5%, and 18,9% had symptoms of severe fetal suffering, and almost half of them (48%) were with or with mild HBFN and had no need of therapy. In 15% it was about alloantibodies of other Rg antigens: anti-C, anti-E and anti-c, at which in most cases there were no signs of HBFN, or it showed weak symptoms (89%), just one case of anti-c ended with intrauterine death. Conclusion Anti D antibody represents the most often reason for severe HBFN and displays a need of intrauterine transfusion and exsangvino transfusion. Anti-c is the only antibody that demonstrated the same potential for severe HBN as the anti-D. The most often reason for alloimmunisation of the mother is the lack of RhIG prophylaxis (97,8): postnatal, antenatal and in case of possible sensible conditions during pregnancy. Thus, there is a need and an outmost importance of elaboration and adoption of the National programe for RhIG prophylaxis in Republic of Macedonia.