Faculty of Medicine
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Item type:Publication, Anatomy of middle cerebral artery(Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2012); ; ; Cerebral circulation, especially arterial, in recent decades has attracted the interest of anatomsits and clinicians. The importance of the cerebral arterial system is due to the exceptional importance of the organ that it supplies and the fact that cerebrovascular pathological processes are the leading place primary cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the morphological and topographic characteristics of the middle cerebral artery: shape, position, diameter, length; the number, types and distribution of its branches and the correlation of these vessels with adjacent brain structures. The examination was made on 50 specimens of human brain fixed in 10% formalin. The shape, postion, diameter and length of the middle cerebral artery were assessed, as well as the number, types and distribution of branches and correlation with adjacent brain structures. We present the obtained results and the most common variations. The importance of the MCA is a result of the significance of the structures it supplies. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Anomalous origin of the vertebral artery(Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2010); ; ; The posterior circulation of the brain consists of the vertebrobasilar system and its branches. Vertebral arteries are responsible for about 30% of brain blood supply. The aim of this study was to examine the origin of the vertebral artery and to present the anatomic variations of the vertebral artery origin as well as the percentage of their appearance in the population. Material and methods: The origin of the vertebral artery was investigated in 30 patients; a total of 60 vertebral arteries were examined with CT angiography and DSA by Seldinger technique. Results: Abnormal origin of the vertebral artery was found in one (3.3%) patient. Vertebral artery originated directly from the aortic arch, as a second branch between left subclavian artery and left common carotid artery. Conclusion: Real abnormality of the origin of the vertebral artery is rare; in our series it was found in 3.3% of the cases. The described variations of the vertebral artery origin are not only interesting from the anatomical point of view, but they also find clinical applications in the surgery and diagnostic and therapeutic radiology. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Variation in level of entry of the vertebral artery into the transverse foramen(Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2011); ; ; - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Anatomy and variations in the origin of the vertebral artery(Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2011); ; ; ; The vertebral artery (a. vertebralis, VA) is classically described as the first branch of the ipsilateral subclavian artery (a. subclavia), but multiple variations in the origin of that vessel have been reported in the literature. This examination was made on 110 unselected human hearts without pathoanatomical changes, obtained after autopsy of newborns, fixed in 10% formaldehyde. Standard anatomical methods, inspection and dissection were used for the analyzing of the origin of a. vertebralis. The analysis showed that 102 of the specimens (92.7%) had the usual pattern of the aortic arch and its branches, with the usual topographic relations. In three of the specimens (2.7%) a. vertebralis sinistra had a separate origin between a. carotis communis sinistra and a.subclavia sinistra. In one specimen a. vertebralis sinistra had a separate origin as the fourth branch between a. carotis communis sinistra and a. subclavia sinistra and there was a fifth branch originating distal to a. subclavia sinistra. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Tortuosity of the vertebral artery(Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2011); ; ; - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Anatomical features and clinical importance of the vertebral artery(2012-10-15); The vertebral artery and its branches are target of arteriographic investigations, ultrasound and Doppler visualization, MRI and CT imaging in many contemporary diagnostic procedures. The big horizon of procedures in the interventional and diagnostic radiology, orthopedic and surgery opens new avenues for the study of anatomy and especially variations of the vertebral artery and its branches. The aim of the present report is to give a summary of the vertebral artery anatomy as well as its variations, and to emphasize there clinical importance. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF THE AORTIC ARCH BRANCHING PATTERN(Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 2018); ; ; ; Anatomical variations of the aortic arch and its branches are fairly common and can have important implications on prognosis and management of surgical interventions, as well as on radiological diagnostics and interventional radiology. The aim of this study was to present the anatomical variations in branching pattern of the aortic arch in a large group of patients using CTA and consequently to determine their prevalence in our population. The study population included 1000 patients with referral diagnoses requiring CTA chest radiography, which visualizes the aortic arch. The course of the aortic arch was clearly observed in all of the 1000 patients. The anatomic features of the aortic arch itself and supra-aortic vessels were analyzed, and anatomical variations were recorded on each CT image. The results showed that 89.3% of the cases had the usual branching pattern of the aortic arch. The most common variation was aortic arch with two branches, with left common carotid artery arising from brachiocephalic trunk (7.9%). Separate origin of the left vertebral artery between the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery was present in 2.8% of cases. The knowledge of the anatomy of the aortic arch and its branches and the awareness of vascular variations is an imperative in diagnostic procedures and in planning surgical interventions during clinical practice.