Faculty of Medicine

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Language: search.filters.language.EnglishSubject: search.filters.subject.perimenopause

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    THE IMPACT OF SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM ON THE LIPID PROFILE IN PERIMENOPAUSAL AND POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
    (Македонска асоцијација на гинеколози и опстетричари = MACEDONIAN ASSSOCIATION OF GYNECOLOGISTS AND OBSTETRICIANS, 2025)
    Aleksandar Nakov
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    Aleksandra Eftimova - Kitanova
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    Marijana Filipovska - Rafajlovska
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    Iskra Martinovska
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    Hormonal changes in women with abnormal endometrial bleeding in peri and postmenopause
    (European Society of Endocrinology, 2022-05)
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    Bashkim Ismaili
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    Dimitar Georgiev
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    SHpishikj Pushevska, Anamarija
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    BONE MARKERS IN PERIMENOPAUSAL AND POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING
    (International Osteoporosis Foundation, 2022-03-24)
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    Biljana Jovanoska Todorova
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    Bashkim Ismaili
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    Pranvera Izairi
    Objectives: To determine the histopathological changes of the endometrium that occur during the period of perimenopause and postmenopause and to determine their association with the presence of obesity and the levels of bone markers for bone resorpition and bone formation, serum parathormone, vitamin D and calcium levels. Material and methods: This study involved 120 patients with fractionated explorative curettage due to abnormal uterine bleeding. The examined group was divided in two subgroups: 60 women in perimenopausis and 60 women in postmenopausis. Anamnestic data were taken from from all respondents. Body height and weight were measured. This laboratory analyses were performed: Serum Osteocalcin, beta CTX, parathormone, Vitamin D and calcium levels. Results: The most common pathological change of the endometrium was an endometrial polyp. History of previous bone fractures was significantly more common in postmenopausal women than in perimenopausal women. Postmenopausal women were older than perimenopausal and had significantly higher Body Mass Index, higher levels of serum osteocalcin and beta CTX in serum. Postmenopausal duration significantly positively correlated with Osteocalcin and β Cross Laps serum values. Higher serum Osteocalcin and β Cross Laps values were measured in patients with longer postmenopause duration. There was not significant difference in the levels of vitamin D and calcium between the groups. Conclusions: In the period of perimenopause and postmenopause, there are changes in the genital organs, but also there are internal disorders (obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, thyroid disorders, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis), which should be timely prevented, diagnosed and treated. Estrogen deficiency in postmenopausis is the most common cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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    Analysis of etiological factors for emergence of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopause
    (Институт за јавно здравје на Р Северна Македонија = Institute of Public Health of R North Macedonia, 2019-06-15)
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    The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible reasons for the emergence of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopause. Material and methods: A total of 71 patients with irregular bleeding were analyzed, at the age of 40-50 years, who should have undergone diagnostic curettage. Depending on the histopathological findings, we divided them into 2 groups: group 1-findings for endometrial hyperplasia, group 2 - atrophic or endometrium with deficient secretory changes. Body mass index (BMI) was determined (obesity defined with BMI >30 kg/m2); we measured blood pressure (cut-off value was 135/90 mmHg), waist circumference (cut-off value was 88 cm) as well as data of anamnesis (age, physical activity, type of diet, smoking cigarettes). All these data were analyzed as etiological factors in the emergence of endometrial hyperplasia. Results: The mean age of patients was 47 years, and the results obtained were very similar in both examined groups. BMI and waist circumference were increased, more than 60% of patients had hypertension, but not all had a statistical significance. Most of them were with completed secondary education, and city living statistically significantly increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia (p <0.05). As for the lifestyle (physical activity, caloric diet, smoking), the results have shown that a small number of patients are active, almost half of them consume caloric food and smoke, but without a statistical significance. Conclusion: Increased body weight and elevated blood pressure have a major impact on the onset and progression of pathological changes in the endometrium. As clinicians, we should always think of hyperplasia in obesity and patients with hypertension who are irregularly bleeding. At the same time, we should educate them to change the lifestyle in order to prevent gynecological and internistic morbidity.