Faculty of Medicine

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    The quality of drinking water in Skopje and its impact on human health during the refugee crisis
    (2017-05-06)
    P. Simjanoski
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    V. Dobrosavljevikj
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    M. Gjetaj Jakovski
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    Sh. Musa
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    Health risk assessment of air pollution in Skopje
    (2017-11-02)
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    P.Simjanoski
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    Sh. Musa
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    V. Dobrosavljevikj
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    Lj. Kostadinovski
    Introduction: It is estimated that three million people die every year from air pollution, which indicates the importance of daily concentrations of substances that are deposited in ambient air as a consequence of stationary or mobile sources of pollution leading to the occurrence of non-specific respiratory disease. Aim: To show the health effects of air pollution in order to promote awareness of its reduction as a significant risk to the environment and human health. Review of pre-school and school age from non-specific respiratory diseases and reduction of the number of diseased children based on the performed monitoring of ambient air quality. Material and Methods: The data are obtained from the Annual Report prepared for the implementation of the National Annual Public Health Program for 2015 at the Public Health Center in Skopje, which monitors seasonal morbidity from non-specific respiratory diseases in pre-school (0-6) and school children (7-14), especially for town and village after the codes J00-J99 (non-specific respiratory diseases) with the exception of J10-J18 (influenza and pneumonia), the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) from the Annual reports that follow the quarterly air pollution and impact on human health for the period 2012-2016. Results: From the evaluation of the data, it can be concluded that the children from the village are less affected than the city, as well as the existence of a cyclic seasonal variation of morbidity. Conclusion: The assessment of the risk of hygienic air quality on the health of the exposed population in the case of pre-school and school children is done on the basis of the received data from the performed monitor, which points to a higher pollution rate in the city than in the village. It is necessary to monitor the air quality by monitoring the continuous measurement of the measuring points and taking a sample to determine the concentration of the air pollutant.
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    MOST COMMON FACTORS AFFECTING OCCURRENCE OF NEONATAL SEPSIS - CHALLENGE AND EXPERIENCE FOR TREATMENT AT NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
    (Macedonian association of anatomists and morphologists, 2018)
    Najdanovska-Aluloska Natasa
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    Angelkova N
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    Background: Neonatal sepsis remains a serious complication, especially among preterm infants. Neonatal sepsis is divided into early- and late-onset sepsis, based on timing of infection and presumed mode of transmission. Early - onset sepsis is defined by onset with in the first week of life, to infections occurring in the first 72 hours due to maternal intrapartum transmission of invasive organisms. Late - onset sepsis is defined as infection occurring after one week and is attributed to pathogens postnatally acquired. Materials and Methods: We have investigated neonatal sepsis in our NICU from 1 January till 31 December 2017, for one-year period, in order to determine mortality associated with sepsis and to identify the dependent predictors for morbidity and mortality. A total 216 infants were admitted in the NICU. Data were collected regarding the primary reason for NICU, maternal condition, gender, gestational age, length of NICU stay, duration of MV and non-invasive ventilation, using of umbilical catheter, and peripherally vein line. Results: Early - onset sepsis was detected in 15 neonates (12 %) within the first 72 hours. Late - onset sepsis was detected in 18 neonates (3,2 %) after 72 hours. Premature infants 23 (70 % range 26 - 37 gestational age) were more exposed to sepsis than term infants 10 (30 %; range 38-40 gestational age). 15 neonates (45,5%) were exposed to the early - onset sepsis, and 18 neonates (54,5%) were exposed to late-onset sepsis. The most frequent isolates were Staphylococcus aureus 7 ( 21,2 %), followed by Acinetobacter 6 (18,1 %), Meticillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus 5 (72 % from total 7 Staphylococcus aureus) and Staphylococcus epidermidis 5 (15,1%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 2 ( 6,06 % ), Serratia 2 (6,06 %) and Pseudomonas aureginosa 2 (6,06 %). Late - onset sepsis was significantly more common in premature infants. We confirmed that neonatal sepsis resulted with increase duration of NICU stay and duration of MV. Early diagnosis, followed by appropriate antibiotic treatment, short hospital stay and restricted use of invasive devices should be the aims to reduce the risk of late - onset sepsis during the stay in the NICU. Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of death in infants despite sophisticated neonatal intensive care. Early and adequate antibiotic therapy decreases the risk of morbidity of hospitalized patients.