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    METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT AND CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
    (Scientific Institute of Management and Knowledge, 2023)
    ;
    Danijela Janichevikj, Ivanovska
    ;
    Gasi, Blerim
    Methadone and buprenorphine are the major modalities on the opioid substitution therapy (OST) for opioid dependence in North Macedonia. Some studies reported that coronavirus pandemic in methadone maintenance patients (MMT) increase levels of stress, anxiety, depression and craving of substance use. The negative emotions aroused by the COVID 19 outbreak and the accompanying social isolation to patients on MMT maybe are an important factor of this occurrence. The aim ofthis study is to evaluate the effect of coronavirus pandemic on mental health and use of legal and illegal substances in methadone maintenance patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospective study included two group of male patients on methadone therapy (N=30) between 20-51 years evaluated in Day hospital of heroin addicts-department of Psychiatric Hospital Skopje. The study was conducted for 6 months so the one groups of patients was evaluated before coronavirus pandemic and the second groups after six month of beginning the epidemic. The patients were assess using sociodemographic information by semi-structured questionnaire specially designed for the study. Urinary tests for determination of psychoactive substances, BDI scale to determinate depression and Zunk scale to determinate the anxiety Results of this study were determinate by descriptive methods and Students t-test. In our study we got not statistically significates results between sociodemographic characteristic in examination group. But we got statistically significates results between score of BDI and Zung scale in examination groups Also in our study we got that alcohol , tobacco use and recidivism of heroin use were statistical significantly higher in MMT patients after six monthsof coronavirus pandemic. Conclusion: Results in our studies, suggested that the psychological and behavioral changes of the patients receiving MMT duringthe epidemical were significant so maybe psychosocial treatment in the future, which will alleviate this conditions
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    Gender difference in the treatment outcome of patients served in the mixed-gender program
    (Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia, 2009)
    ;
    Raleva, M.
    The aim of the study was to determine whether the treatment outcome differs for males and females in the mixed-gender methadone maintenance program. A prospective non-randomized study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of the treatment over a period of 6 months. In this study, 91 patients (60 male and 31 female) were included and the groups were compared by the variables such as relapses, frequency of relapses, type of substance used and the manner of drug use. The results showed that 16 (51.6%) female addicts had 147 relapses and 23 (38.3%) male addicts had 118 relapses, but these differences were statistically not significant. Women made a significant relapse 43.7% more than men 21.7%, with heroine alone. The injectable drug abuse dominates in both genders, i.e. 56.2% of female examinees and 69.6% of male examinees injected the drugs, but this difference was not statistically proven. Conclusion: Gender has an influence on the response to the treatment. The outcome of the treatment measured through the drug use differs in the substance used. Women use more heroine than men, who in turn use more combinations of different drugs and legal psychoactive substances during the treatment