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Language: search.filters.language.EnglishSubject: search.filters.subject.lipid profile

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    Item type:Publication,
    COMPARATIVE ACCURACY OF LDL-CHOLESTEROL ESTIMATION: OMPARATIVE ACCURACY OF LDL-CHOLESTEROL ESTIMATION: A META-ANALYSIS OF THE FRIEDEWALD AND MARTIN-HOPKINS EQUATION META-ANALYSIS OF THE FRIEDEWALD AND MARTIN-HOPKINS EQUATION
    (Bulgarian Society of Cardiology and Pensoft Publishers, 2025-12-04)
    Kostovska, Irena
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    Introduction: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a cornerstone biomarker for cardiovascular risk. The Friedewald formula has long been the standard for estimating LDL-C, however, it has limitations, particularly in patients with hypertriglyceridemia or low LDL-C levels. Several alternative equations, including the Martin–Hopkins (M/H) and Sampson formulas, have been developed to improve accuracy. Among them, M/H has gained recognition for its performance in specific populations, but it represents only one of several refined methods used across professional communities. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis comparing the accuracy and precision of the Friedewald and M/H formulas in diverse populations, acknowledging that other approaches also exist. Methods: A systematic review of articles published between 2018 and 2024 was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus (Elsevier), and Web of Science-eligible studies directly compared both formulas against direct LDL-C measurement in adult populations. A random-effects model was used to pool mean absolute errors (MAEs), root mean square errors (RMSEs), correlation coefficients, and p-values. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Results: Eight novel studies, involving a total of 192,094 participants, were included. The M/H formula showed significantly lower MAE (3.6 mg/dL vs. 8.4 mg/dL, p < 0.001), lower RMSE (5.1 mg/ dL vs. 9.8 mg/dL, p < 0.001), and a stronger correlation with direct LDL-C (r = 0.92 vs. r = 0.84) compared to the Friedewald formula. The superiority of the M/H formula was especially evident in patients with triglycerides >200 mg/dL or LDL-C <70 mg/dL. Conclusion: The M/H formula provides more accurate and precise LDL-C estimation than Friedewald, particularly in clinically vulnerable groups. However, it should be considered one of several improved approaches, alongside other equations such as Sampson, which may perform better in certain populations. M/H can be recommended as a strong option, but is not the sole alternative for routine lipid profiling.
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    Менопауза, липиден профил и кардиоваскуларни болести
    (MACEDONIAN ASSOCIATION OF ANATOMISTS AND MORPHOLOGISTS, 2008)
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    Pashoska, Milkica
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    Mishevska, Petranka
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    Effect of synbiotic soymilk on intestinal microbiota and lipid profile in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats
    (SHMSHM/AAMD, 2015)
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    Mladenovska K
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    Petreska Ivanovska T
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    The aim of the study was to examine the influence of a new synbiotic fermented soymilk on microbiota and lipid profile in rats. In addition body weight, and stool consistency were also investigated. Мaterial and methods: Soy milk fortified with prebiotic (Synergy1) was fermented with probiotic L casei-01. The viable L casei-01 counts in fermented end product were 11.49±0.13 log10 cfu mL-1. 1 ml of synbiotic fermented soymilk was administered daily to six months old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR’s). After 4 weeks treatment, jejunal, illeal, colon and fecal samples were analyzed for Lactobacillus spp, E coli, Enterococcus spp and Staphylococcus spp viable counts. Cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL concentrations in blood samples were determined. Results: The significantly higher viable Lactobacillus spp counts followed with significantly decreased E coli and Enterococcus spp counts in all samples were observed in treated vs. control group. Staphylococcus spp counts were significantly decreased in colon samples. The difference in lipide profile was insignificant. In conclusion, synbiotic fermented soymilk significantly improved the composition of the intestinal microbiota in rats. The lipid profile of healthy adult spontaneously hypertensive rats was not altered.