Faculty of Medicine

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    Somatic diseases in patients with Opioid Use Disorder
    (2021-06-03)
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    Background: Compulsive opioid use leading to negative social, occupational, psychological, and physical consequences, including comorbid medical conditions. Aim: to assess the somatic diseases found in patients with opioid use disorder over a five-year period. Methods: This study has a retrospective cohort design over a five-year period (2013-2017). National patient electronic system “My Term” was used to collect data. The variables: gender, age, ethnicity, employment, duration and route of opioid administration, duration of hospitalization, somatic diseases, types of opioid substances used were analysed. Results: In all, 142 patients with opioid use disorder were analysed. The male gender was predominant. The mean age of patients in this study was 36.12±5.39, with average duration of opioid use disorder of 10.58±3.50 years. In the three groups of patients selected (current injectors, former injectors and oral users), methadone was the most frequently used drug (61.27%), followed by heroin (28.87%). Benzodiazepines were the second most frequently used drug (5.63%), mainly among current injectors (6.73%). About 33.10% of the patients had more than one somatic disease. Conclusions: Methadone was most commonly used as a single or combined substance in patients with opioid use disorder. Benzodiazepines were the second most frequently used drug, mainly among current injectors. The most frequent medical problems among current and former injectors were vascular changes, followed by skin changes and infections. Respiratory medical problems were common among patients with opioid use disorder who used drugs via inhalation.
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    NEUTROPHIL GELATINASE-ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN AS AN EARLY BIOMARKER OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN NEWBORNS
    (Klinički bolnički centar Sestre milosrdnice, Zagreb, 2020)
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    Emilija Sahpazova
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    The aim of the study was to determine the incidence, risk factors and efficiency of the neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) biomarker in early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in newborns. The study was designed as a prospective, clinical, epidemiological investigation conducted in the period of three years, which included 50 newborns with AKI hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Children's Hospital in Skopje. The estimated prevalence of AKI was 6.4%, while the prevalence according to RIFLE classification was 8.7%. Perinatal asphyxia was a common predisposing factor associated to kidney injury. The mortality rate was 32% and was significantly higher in the group of newborns with congenital heart diseases. There was a significant difference between NGAL values and creatinine values on the day of admission. There was a significant difference in NGAL values between newborns with AKI and lethal outcome and newborns without lethal outcome (p<0.001). In conclusion, AKI is a life-threatening condition. It is an independent contributor to mortality. Urinary NGAL is an early predictive biomarker of AKI in critically ill newborns.