Faculty of Medicine

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    Bilateral near-total calcification of vas deferens in young male
    (Macedonian Medical Association, 2024-04)
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    Arsenkov, Stefan
    Bilateral calcification of vas deferens is an uncommon condition, particularly in young males. Only a few case reports are published for this condition in young males, and what they have in common is diabetes mellitus. A 33-year old man presented with dull pain in the right inguinal region. The patient has had history of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus type I for thirty years. He complained of dull pain in the right inguinal region. The pain started about ten years ago, but it has grown stronger and more frequent in the last two months. CT scan was performed which confirmed the presence of calcification along almost the entire length of the vas deferens, starting from testes to the prostate with prostatic calcification. Androflor Screen test was made to detect the total bacterial DNA, and pathological levels of Bacteroides spp./Porphyromaonas spp./Prevotella spp. were detected and antibiotic treatment was prescribed. Calcification of the vas deferens is relatively specific to DM and 70% of males who had vas calcification also had diabetes. There are other etiologies associated with the calcification of vas deferens such as chronic infections and inflammations, but it can also be seen as a manifestation of aging. The calcification may also be associated with infertility. Pathologically, diabetic vas deferens calcification can be differentiated from the chronic inflammatory type. Chronic inflammatory calcification is usually intraluminal which may be unilateral and segmental, while the calcification seen in diabetes is usually mural and symmetrical. Unfortunately, currently there are no available curative treatment option for this condition. Diabetes is the primary cause of bilateral calcification of the vas deferens in young males, which can lead to infertility. Bearing this in mind, it's important to inform patients about the associated risks and advise them to take necessary precautions.
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    Role of education in prevention and delay of complications in type 2 diabetic patients
    (bioscientifica, 2012)
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    Lumani, Sedat
    Aim: To assess the impact of education of people with T2DM and complications. Patients and methods. Observational study, 100 T2DM patients of age 35–75 years, both sex, duration of DM >1 year.Results. From 100 T2DM 47% were male sex and 53% female. Mean age 60.45±8y, duration of DM 10.45y±3 y. Average A1c 8%±0.6, BMI 27%, systolic BP 140±6 mmHg, TG 2.2±0.3 mmol/L, LDL 4.0±0.6 mmol/L. Education (diet, physical activities, drug compliance) for DM was 67% for male and 54% for female. Education for diabetic foot care (inspection, foot hygiene, appropriate shoes) 51% for male and 49% for female. Conclusion: Metabolic risk factors are poorer in no educated than in educated T2DM, People who had not satisfactory education for foot care have higher risk for foot ulceration.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Demographic, Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics of Pediatric Obesity: Interim Analysis of a Larger Prospective Study
    (Medical University of Plovdiv, 2020-12)
    Tankoska Maja
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    Stamatova Ana
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    Murtezani Avni
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    Maneva Elita
    Introduction: Pediatric obesity is a common nutritional disorder that affects more than a third of the young population and predisposes individuals to greater future morbidity and mortality. Materials and methods: Sixty-two children were recruited in the study. Demographic and clinical information regarding the patients and their parents was collected. Data about the weight, height, systolic (SP) and diastolic (DP) blood pressure, lipid metabolic profile, thyroid hormone levels, glucose and insulin levels before and after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) of participants were also collected. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and patients were classified into groups according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria. Descriptive, comparative parametric, non-parametric tests and Spearman’s ranked correlations were used in the statistical analysis. Results: The study sample consisted of 34 males and 28 females aged 11.6 and 11.8 years, respectively (p=0.781). The mean BMI was 30.5 (SD 5.5): 8 of participant had normal weight (≤25 BMI), 22 were overweight (25-30 BMI), and 32 were obese (≥30 BMI). The children’s BMIs were significantly associated with parental BMIs (r=0.395, p=0.004). Both SP and DP were significantly different between BMI subgroups (p=0.005 and p=0.001, respectively) with the obese group having the highest values (post-hoc Benjamini, p=0.004). Obese children had lower average T4 levels when compared to the comparators (7.5 μg/dL vs. 9.9 μg/dL, p=0.021). Obese children had significantly lower baseline glucose levels and higher insulin levels when compared to the overweight/normal BMI children (73.8 mg/ dL vs. 86.4 mg/dL, p<0.001 and 21.8 μgU/mL vs. 132 μgU/mL, p=0.003). Obese children had the greatest numerical increase in glucose levels during the OGTT (Δ63.0 mg/dL vs. Δ43.2 mg/dL, p=0.063) and numerically smaller absolute insulin response (Δ86.1 μIU/mL vs. Δ125.7 μIU/mL, p=0.307). Conclusions: Pediatric patients demonstrate familial type of obesity and premorbid asymptomatic endocrine impairments. In order to maintain normal glucose levels, obese pediatric patients demonstrate high levels of resting insulin levels and diminished response after OGTT load