Faculty of Medicine

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    Sex differences in transradial access failure in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
    (Wiley, 2024-09-30)
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    Jovkovski, Aleksandar
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    ;
    Taravari, Hajber
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    Kitanoski, Darko
    Background Transradial access (TRA) is now the default access site for PPCI, but technically is a more challenging approach mostly due to anatomic challenges connected to the RA. Aims To assess the differences according to sex in radial artery (RA) access site characteristics during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Material and Methods All 5092 consecutive STEMI patients from our center in the period from March 2011 until December 2017 were examined. The right proximal radial was the “intention‐to‐treat” access in all patients. Preprocedural RA angiography was performed in all patients. Clinical and procedure characteristics, type of radial anatomy variants, need to use another arterial access sites (the primary endpoint for this study), and procedure time were analyzed by sex. Using logistic regression, we selected predictors of radial crossover. Access site bleeding complications and vascular complications were also recorded. Results The STEMI population in this period included 1326 females and 3766 male patients. Females were older (65 ± 11 years) than males (59 ± 11 years, p < 0.0001). Among standard risk factors, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more common in women and smoking less common. RA anomalies were more frequent in the females (8.8% vs. 6.5%, p < 0.0001), with complex RA loop and tortuous RA twice as frequent in women. Failure of TRA access as the initially chosen site occurred in 4.6% (61) of females versus 2.5% (97) of male STEMI patients (p = 0.0003). The most common subsequent access site was right ulnar access in both groups (57 and 61% respectively). Access site bleeding complications were more common in women 4.4% versus 3.2%, mirrored in hematomas with EASY score III to V. Clinical RA spasm (RAS) was significantly more frequent in females (5.7% vs. 2.2%, p < 0.0001). Multiple regression analysis identified 5 independent predictors for TRA access crossover: previous TRA, anomalous RA, RAS, along with female sex and diabetes. Conclusion Female sex is a significant predictor of more complex TRA in STEMI. Understanding sex differences and predictors for TRA crossover will strengthen the use of different procedural modalities that can help in preserving a successful wrist access in female STEMI patients.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Comparison of distal radial with conventional radial access in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
    (MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute), 2021-12)
    Kitanoski, Darko
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    Postadzhiyan, Arman
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    Velchev, Vasil
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    Stoyanov, Nikolay
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    Background: There is limited data available regarding the technique of dTRA, and its potential benefit in patients with STEMI. This study investigated the feasibility, safety, and potential benefit of dTRA in patients with STEMI, compared to conventional TR approach. Methods: This was a prospective single center study that included 292 patients referred for STEMI. 152 (52%) patients had primary PCI through distal transradial access, and 140 (48%) had PPCI through conventional radial access. Exclusion criteria was absence of radial artery pulse and previous RAO. We compared clinical and procedure characteristics, access site bleeding complications, rate of Radial Artery Occlusion (RAO) and failure of primary chosen access site between two groups of STEMI patients. Results: The success rate of the puncture for dTRA was 98.7% (150/152), and for conventional TRA 99.3% (139/140). Successful primary PCI via dTRA and conventional TRA was performed in all patients in both groups. dTRA was associated with lower rate of study clinical outcomes as rate of radial artery occlusion (dTRA: 0%, TRA 5.7%, p=0.0028) and local hematoma according to EASY score (dTRA Grade I: 15.13%, Grade II: 0%, Grade III: 0%, Grade IV: 0%, TRA: Grade I 22.9%, Grade II: 7.1%; Grade III: 0.7%, Grade IV: 0%, p=0.0009). There was no difference recorded in radial artery spasm between two access sites (dTRA: Grade I: 7.2%, Grade II: 2.7%, Grade III: 1.3%, Grade IV: 0%, TRA: Grade I 7.1%, Grade II: 2.1%, Grade III: 0.7%, Grade IV: 0%) and there was no statistically significant difference in access site crossover (dTRA: 2 patients, TRA: 1 patient). dTRA was associated with a longer access time (dTRA 38.6 sec, TRA: 36.3 sec, p=0.0077). Time of hemostasis was significantly shorter with dTRA (dTRA 30-60 min, TRA 120-150 min, p<0.0001). Conclusion: dTRA is safe and successful in STEMI patients, when performed by experienced radial operators, with previous experience with dTRA. It is associated with lower rate of access site complications and early haemostasis in comparison with TRA.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Sex differences in transradial access failure in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
    (Wiley, 2024-11)
    ;
    Jovkovski, Aleksandar
    ;
    Vasilev, Ivan
    ;
    Taravari, Hajber
    ;
    Kitanoski, Darko
    Background Transradial access (TRA) is now the default access site for PPCI, but technically is a more challenging approach mostly due to anatomic challenges connected to the RA. Aims To assess the differences according to sex in radial artery (RA) access site characteristics during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Material and Methods All 5092 consecutive STEMI patients from our center in the period from March 2011 until December 2017 were examined. The right proximal radial was the “intention-to-treat” access in all patients. Preprocedural RA angiography was performed in all patients. Clinical and procedure characteristics, type of radial anatomy variants, need to use another arterial access sites (the primary endpoint for this study), and procedure time were analyzed by sex. Using logistic regression, we selected predictors of radial crossover. Access site bleeding complications and vascular complications were also recorded. Results The STEMI population in this period included 1326 females and 3766 male patients. Females were older (65 ± 11 years) than males (59 ± 11 years, p < 0.0001). Among standard risk factors, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more common in women and smoking less common. RA anomalies were more frequent in the females (8.8% vs. 6.5%, p < 0.0001), with complex RA loop and tortuous RA twice as frequent in women. Failure of TRA access as the initially chosen site occurred in 4.6% (61) of females versus 2.5% (97) of male STEMI patients (p = 0.0003). The most common subsequent access site was right ulnar access in both groups (57 and 61% respectively). Access site bleeding complications were more common in women 4.4% versus 3.2%, mirrored in hematomas with EASY score III to V. Clinical RA spasm (RAS) was significantly more frequent in females (5.7% vs. 2.2%, p < 0.0001). Multiple regression analysis identified 5 independent predictors for TRA access crossover: previous TRA, anomalous RA, RAS, along with female sex and diabetes. Conclusion Female sex is a significant predictor of more complex TRA in STEMI. Understanding sex differences and predictors for TRA crossover will strengthen the use of different procedural modalities that can help in preserving a successful wrist access in female STEMI patients.
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    Item type:Publication,
    SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF ENDOCARDITIS WITH NONSPECIFIC PRESENTATION IN A KIDNEY TRANSPLANTPATIENT-CASE REPORT
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists, 2023-11)
    Uspcov, Julijana
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    Kabova Karanfilovikj, Angela
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    Spasovska, Adrijana
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    Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious complication in patients with transplanted kidney, leading to graft loss and a high mortality rate. We present a case of native valve endocarditis in a 51-year-old male with transplanted kidney that had atypical clinical course. The patient experienced prolonged subfebrile temperature with paroxysmal arrhythmia and development of cardio-pulmonary insufficiency. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) set the diagnosis of aortic valve vegetation with severe aortic regurgitation and pulmonary edema. We failed to isolate a microbiological agent, but all blood cultures were taken under antibiotic therapy. The patient was treated with surgical replacement of the native aortic valve with mechanical heart valve with significant clinical improvement. Ten days after the intervention, he was discharged with reduced markers of inflammation and proper function of the kidney graft. Immunosuppressive therapy was gradually reinstated. One year later, the patient was clinically stable and with proper graft function. Early diagnostic and therapeutic intervention, particularly intensive antibiotic therapy and surgical management can preserve the patient and the kidney allograft.
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    Ipsilateral transulnar artery approach catheterizations after failure of the radial approach-Are two sheaths in the same arm safe?
    (Wiley, 2021-05-28)
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    Jovkovski, Aleksandar
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    Vasilev, Ivan
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    Taravari, Hajber
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    Kitanoski, Darko
    To assess the safety and feasibility of ipsilateral transulnar access (TUA) after failure of radial access (TRA), with two sheaths placed in the radial and ulnar arteries (RA and UA) in the same arm.
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    Radial artery anomalies in the Macedonian population during transradial angiography procedures
    (Association of Medical Doctors "Sanamed" Novi Pazar, 2016)
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    Petkoska, Danica
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    Antov, Slobodan
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    Vasilev, Ivan
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    Jovkovski, Aleksandar
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    Bilateral trans-radial approach in stenting of occluded right axillary artery
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2014-08-23)
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    Jovkovski, Aleksandar
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    With recent advancement in percutaneous endovascular interventions, angioplasty and stenting of axillary artery lesions could become the treatment of choice vs. surgical intervention owing to its lower complication and mortality rates and shorter hospital stay.We report a Caucasian female case with axillary artery chronic total occlusion (CTO) with dual etiology (atherosclerotic and radiation induced), which was successfully managed with stent angioplasty. The strategy used was right radial retrograde approach with contralateral injections from left radial catheter. Two year follow-up revealed widely patent axillary stents.
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