Faculty of Medicine

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Author: search.filters.author.Besa Islami PocestaHas files: Yes

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    ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND MODE OF DELIVERY IN TERM PREGNANCY
    (Association of Albanian Medical Doctors in Macedonia, 2025-10)
    Arta Islami Zulfiu
    ;
    Nurdzan Asani Ajeti
    ;
    Besa Islami Pocesta
    ;
    Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW), defined as a birth weight of less than 2500 grams, regardless of gestational age. Globally, it is estimated that 15-20 % of all births, or 20 million newborns annually, are low birth weight infants. It remains a significant public health concern due to its association with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. The mode of delivery is frequently influenced by fetal condition, maternal health, and the availability of institutional resources. Understanding the relationship between LBW and delivery method is essential because such cases are common, and decision making must balance clinical urgency with resource availability. 57 XXX Takim profesional mjekësor Aim: The aim of the study was to find out the association between low birth weight and mode of delivery in a term pregnancy. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Special Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynaecology “Mother Teresa”, Cair, Skopje, North Macedonia, from January 2024 to September 2024. Data were collected from the hospital register of pregnant women in our population who delivered full-term infants ( 37 0/7 - 41 0/7 weeks of gestation) with a birth weight of less than 2500 grams. The newborns were weighed immediately after birth. Results: During the study period from January 2024 to September 2024 total number of birth was 2677. 102 ( 3.8 %) newborns weighed less than 2500 g. Parity was less than two in 73 %. 50 % were primigravida. In 67% maternal age was from 18 to 24 years old. The majority (87%) of the mothers didn't have any comorbidity, 13% suffered from comorbidity. 61 babies were born by cesarean section (CS), and 41 were delivered by normal vaginal delivery. Of the total number of cesarean sections, 42 were primary cesarian section, 15 were with repeat cesarean section and 4 were with third cesarian section. Conclusion: Caesarean section should not be routinely recommended solely based on low birth weight. Delivery mode decisions must be individualized and guided by obstetric indications such as fetal distress, abnormal presentation, or maternal complications. This approach minimizes unnecessary surgical risks while ensuring optimal maternal and neonatal outcomes. Careful clinical assessment and resource considerations are essential in managing pregnancies complicated by low birth weight unless there are other obstetric indications.
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    PERINATAL AND EARLY NEONATAL MORTALITY IN A FIVE-YEAR PERIOD IN SBGA – CHAIR
    (Македонско лекарско друштво = Macedonian medical association, 2025-09)
    Iskra Martinovska
    ;
    Besa Islami Pocesta
    ;
    Luljeta Beqiri
    ;
    Dobrila Kapushevska
    ;
    Shpresa Useini Muaremoska
    Perinatal mortality (PM) is a rate that combines fetal and early neonatal mortality (ENM), and is an indicator of the socio-economic development of a particular country, indicating the efficiency of antenatal, perinatal and neonatal health care. THE AIM of the paper is to analyze the rates of PM and ENM in SBGA-CHAIR in the five-year period from 2020 to 2024. MATERIAL AND METHODS - A retrospective analysis of medical documentation was performed using the histories of the studied group as well as the database of the neonatal department. Stillbirth, early neonatal mortality, and perinatal mortality were calculated according to standardized formulas for each year separately. RESULTS - During the five-year period, a total of 19,289 deliveries were realized in SBGA-Cair, resulting in 19,225 live births and 63 stillbirths. In the early neonatal period 8 newborns died, and including those transferred to a tertiary institution, the total number of deaths was 14. The paper tabulates the rates of stillbirth, early neonatal and perinatal mortality by year, with these indicators showing a decreasing trend. Analyzing the structure of PM, fetal mortality is maintained at the same level, unlike ENM, which shows a decreasing trend. Early neonatal mortality is most often due to extreme prematurity and congenital malformations. CONCLUSION - In order to further reduce the rate of PM, it is crucial to reduce fetal mortality with improved antenatal care, take measures to reduce premature birth, timely detection of life-threatening congenital anomalies with the aim of planned delivery in a tertiary center. Overall engagement of the wider community and a longterm strategy is necessary to achieve a rate similar to more developed countries.