Faculty of Medicine
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Item type:Publication, Pitfalls, Myths, and Errors in Pulse Oximetry: Understanding False Readings in Severe Hypoxemia(ECRONICON open acesss, 2025-03-13) - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, URINARY IODINE CONCENTRATION: PREDICTOR OF BIRTH WEIGHT OR BIOMARKER FOR ASSESSING THE IODINE STATUS IN HEALTHY PREGNANT WOMEN, ONLY?(Croatian Academy of Medical Sciences, 2020); ; Introduction: This study determined urine iodine concentration (UIC) during gestation, assessed the maternal iodine nutrition status and correlated it with gestational age at birth (GAB) and birth weight (BW).The measurement of UIC provides the best single measurement of the iodine nutritional status in population. Objective: Determination of UIC in pregnant women in North Macedonia. Methods: This prospective study assessed the iodine nutrition status during the course of pregnancy with reference of median UIC among 364 healthy pregnant women in different gestational age (in trimester and 5-week intervals). Results: The overall and the 1st to the 3rd trimester median UIC were: 183.7, 207, 189.75 and 169.28 [μg/L], respectively. The median UIC (μg/L) results according to 5-week interval in advancing gestation were: 232.34, 200.13, 152.81, 194.39, 181.28, 160.28, 169.41 and 175.24, respectively. We detected 5.22% (19/364) and 74.72% (272/364) with the median UIC < 50 μg/L and UIC ≥ 100 μg/L, respectively. In multiple regression, the median UIC (β = 0.0000767, P = 0.929) had no statistically significant prediction to the GAB. Disease prevalence results for mean UIC in detecting BW had no statistical significance: area under curve (AUC) = 0.521, z-statistic (0.340), sensitivity (45.83%), specificity (66.27%), predictive (6.59%) and P value (0.734). Conclusion: Iodine status of pregnant women in our study is generally sufficient by World Health Organization recommendations. The median UIC in each trimester and 5-week interval has statistically insignificant decrease in accordance to the advancing gestation. The median UIC has no significance in predicting GAB and BW. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Tissue Detection and Typisation of Human Papillomavirus in Women with Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Squamous Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix(Македонско лекарско друштво = Macedonian medical association, 2015-06-01); ; ; ; Popovska, ZoraIntroduction. The most common risk factor for intraepithelial lesions and cervical carcinoma is infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), especially with high-risk HPV genotypes. Only persistent, high-risk HPV infections represent a major risk factor for intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer. The aims of the study were: detection and typisation of HPV genotypes, which are the most common causes of intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer, determination of the correlation between HPV infection and histopathological diagnosis, and the correlation between the grade of lesion of the cervix and oncogenic potential of the virus as well as determination of the most affected age group of patients. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 100 sexually active patients with an abnormal Pap test at the age from 20 to 69 years (39±10.77), and was conducted at the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Skopje and University Clinic of Radiotherapy and Oncology in Skopje in the period from January 2014 to August 2014. In all patients colposcopic cervical biopsy was made with endocervical curettage for histopathological analysis and cervical biopsy for detection and HPV typisation. HPV detection and typisation were done using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse hybridization. Results. HPV DNA was detected in 81.0% (81/100) of the examined women. The relationship between the prevalence of high-risk and low-risk HPV DNA genotypes was 72.0%:9.0%. The frequency of high-risk HPV DNA genotypes ranged from: 54.5% (12/22) in productive HPV infection-mild dysplasia, 86.4% (19/22) with moderate dysplasia, 91.2% (21/23) in severe dysplasia to 100% of squamous cell carcinoma in situ (6/6) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (5/5). Mixed HPV infection was detected in 19.0% (19/100) of all patients, in 23.5% (19/81) of HPV DNA positive patients. The most common HPV DNA genotypes, in descending order, were HPV 16 (43.2%), HPV 31 (28.4%), HPV 18 (14.8%), etc. The highest frequency of HPV infection was found in patients under 30 years of age. Conclusion. There was an association between HPV infection and squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous invasive carcinoma of the cervix. There was a correlation between the grade of cervical lesion and the oncogenic potential of the virus. The results of this study may be useful for building a national strategy in the fight against cervical cancer. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Association Between Bacterial Vaginosis and Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Uterine Cervix(Македонско лекарско друштво = Macedonian medical association, 2016-01-01); ; ; ; Introduction. Bacterial vaginosis is polymicrobial, primarily anaerobic infection, previously called non-specific vaginitis or vaginitis accompanied by Gardne-rella vaginallis. It is a result of an imbalance between different types of bacteria in the vagina. The aim of the study was to determine the association between bacterial vaginosis and squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a series of 338 sexually active women with cytologicallly diagnosed squamous intraepithelial lesion of the uterine cervix at the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Skopje in the period from October 2014 to October 2015. The age of the patients ranged from 20 to 59 years (35±10.49). All women underwent cervical biopsy with endocervical curettage for histopathological analysis and cervical biopsy for detection and HPV typing. Criteria for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was the presence of ≥20% clue cells of ePapanicolaou smear. Results. Bacterial vaginosis was detected in 19.5% (66/338) of the examined women. The most affected was the young population under the age of 30 years. The results showed an association between bacterial vaginosis and squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix (p=0.032). There was no association between bacterial vaginosis and the grade of lesion of the uterine cervix (p=0.118), nor with HPV infection (p=0.570). But, however an association was found between HPV infection and squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix (p=0.001). Conclusion.The most common risk factor for squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix are persistent high-risk HPV infections. Bacterial vaginosis is the most common co-infection. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Hidradenoma papilliferum of the vulva presenting as a hydrocele of the Nuck’s channel(2018-04-30); ; - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, MATERNAL OBESITY, АGE AND MATERNAL THYROID STATUS - AN INTRIGUING CONNECTION TO THE NEONATAL OUTCOME(Македонско лекарско друштво /Macedonian Medical Association, 2020); ; Introduction. Thyroid dysfunction is the second most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Higher body mass index (BMI>30 kg/m2) is linked with many endocrine abnormalities, including thyroid dysfunction. Gestational age at birth (GAB) and birth weight (BW) are important predictors of neonatal mortality and morbidity. The objective of this prospective study was to determine the adverse neonatal outcomes of women [small for gestational age (SGA), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and others] complicated with impaired thyroid function and obesity, when compared with those with normal function. Methods. Dried blood spot and urine samples were analyzed for thyroid and iodine status in 358 pregnant women in any gestational week, without known thyroid disorders. They gave birth at the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics-Skopje. The blood samples were analyzed with time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay in Zurich, and UIC was analyzed by mass spectrometry in Helsinki. Results. We found a significant positive correlation between total thyroxine (TT4) and GAB (p=0.045) and UIE and mother age (p=0.007), but a significant negative correlation between GAB and UIE (p=0.051), GAB and mother’s age (p=0.01), GAB and BMI (p=0.02). There was an inverse correlation between BW and maternal age (βst=-0.0641, P=0.010) and between BW and maternal TT4 (βst=-3.3640, P=0.0016). We found a positive correlation between BW and maternal BMI (βst = 21.847, P = 0.006). Conclusion. Overweight, obese and older women are at increased risk of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy considered as high-risk pregnancies for adverse neonatal outcomes. We can use maternal TT4, BMI and age for predicting the BW.