Faculty of Medicine
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Item type:Publication, Anatomical features and variations of the vertebrobasilar system(Firenze University Press, 2024-09-04); ; ; ; The posterior circulation of the brain constitutes the vertebrobasilar system and its branches, which are responsible for about 20% of the brain blood supply. The aim of this study was to describe the morphological characteristics of the vertebrobasilar system. We examined radiographs of 103 patients, 58 male and 45 females, age range from 25 - 82, mean age 58.4 years who had CT angiography undertaken for a variety of clinical reasons, performed as a part of their medical treatment at the University Institute for Radiology in Skopje, Macedonia. The left vertebral artery arose from the left subclavian artery in 94.17% and the right vertebral artery had origin from the right subclavian artery in 99.02%. Variable origin of the left vertebral artery from the aortic arch was noticed in 5.82% and in one patient (0.97%) we found atypical arisen of the right vertebral artery from the right common carotid artery. The diameter of the vertebral artery was 3.20 ± 0.74 mm on the right side and 3.33 ± 0.76 mm on the left side. The mean length of the basilar artery was 31.60 ± 5.1 mm (from 21.4 mm to 44.1 mm). The mean diameter of the basilar artery was 3.27 ± 0.52 mm (from 2.22 to 4.87 mm). Most of the SCA arise from the basilar artery as a single vessel. The most common variations of the SCA were duplication (frequency 1.94% on right and 0.97% on left) and origin from PCA (frequency 1.94% bilateral). In four patients (3.88%) we found fenestrations of posterior brain circulation, three fenestrations (2.91%) was on the basilar artery and one fenestration (0.97%) was on the vertebral artery. In one patient persistent trigeminal artery was found. A sound knowledge of vertebrobasilar system anatomy and variations is important during diagnostic, operative and endovascular procedures. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Origin of left common carotid artery examined with CTA(Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis Galaksijanis Nis, 2023-09-21); ; ; ; Introduction: The aortic arch usually gives rise to three major branches: the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. The left common carotid artery is the second and longest branch of the aortic arch; it ascends from the apex of the arch to the left carotid bifurcation in the neck, which typically occurs between the third and fourth midcervical vertebral bodies. The aim of this study was to describe the variations in origin of left common carotid artery and to emphasize their clinical significance. Materials and methods: We examined radiographs of 103 patients who had CT angiography undertaken for a variety of clinical reasons, performed as a part of their medical treatment at the University Clinic for Radiology in Skopje, RN Macedonia. The study population included 103 patients, 58 male and 45 females, age range from 25 - 82, mean age 58.4 years. Results: The left common carotid artery arose from the aortic arch in 88 patients (85.43%). In 15 patients (14.56%) we found atypical arisen of the left common carotid artery from the brachiocephalic trunk. Conclusion: Although anatomically interesting, an awareness of the left common carotid artery anatomy and variations is clinically important. A sound knowledge of left common carotid artery anatomy and variations is important during diagnostic, endovascular and surgical procedures. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Posterior cerebral artery – variation in the origin and clinical significance(Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 2014-04-01); ; ; - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Morphological characteristics of the first part of the vertebral artery(Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 2011); ; ; Aliji, VjolcaBecause of their anatomical localization, vertebral arteries were neglected in research for a long period of time. Vertebral arteries are responsible for about 30% of the brain blood supply. The aim of this study was to examine the vertebral artery’s course in the first segment, and to define the anatomic variations and percentage of their appearance in the adult population using CT angiography. The data derived from this study may find useful application in a wide range of medical fields, such as anatomy, radiology and surgery. For that purpose during a 6-month period we examined 30 patients with CT angiography. The origin of the vertebral artery in all 30 patients was from the subclavian artery. The diameter of the left vertebral artery was from 1.6– 5.20 mm., average 3.35 mm. The diameter of the right vertebral artery was from 1.64– 5.40 mm., average 3.19 mm. Hypoplasia of the vessel was found in four patients. We found no aplasia of the vessel in this series. A contorted course was found in 12 (40%) patients. In all 30 (100%) patients the vertebral artery entered the foramen transversum at the level of the sixth cervical vertebra. Although the incidence of anatomical variations is rare, their presence is significant in the diagnostic and surgical procedures in the head and neck region. Insufficient knowledge can lead to serious iatrogenic injures.