Faculty of Medicine

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    Globulin levels in acute and chronic psychotic patients
    (Morressier, 2019-07-11)
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    Pejkovska Dimovska, S
    Background : A number of studies suggest that psychiatric symptoms, particularly at early stages of the illness, may be alleviated by targeting affected peripheral pathways such as the immune/inflammatory system. [1] [2] Objective: To analyze globulin levels in acute and chronic psychotic patients. Materials and methods: To 141 hospitalized patients (92 male and 49 female, 94 diagnosed with acute psychotic disorder (F20.0,F21,F23,F25), 47 diagnosed with chronic psychotic disorder (F20.5) according to ICD-10 criteria in Psychiatric Hospital Skopje, Macedonia, globulin test was performed [3]. All patients were aged 18-62 years (mean age, 40 years). Reference range for calculated globulin (CG) was from 27 to 35g/L. Comparative data analysis was applied. Results: From 94 acute psychotic patients (61 male and 33 female), 60 patients (37 male and 23 female) or 63,8% had low CG. In chronic psychotic group, from 47 patients (31 male and 16 female), 18 patients ( 11 male and 7 female) or 38,3% had high CG There were no patients with high CG in acute psychotic group and no patients with low CG in chronic psychotic group. Conclusions: Some findings suggest that innate immunity may be depressed early in the course of a psychotic illness and elevated later in the schizophrenia disease process [4]. While there have been significant advances in our understanding of basic neuroscience over the years, this has not translated into psychiatric clinical practice.
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    Immunological Outcomes of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy in Food Allergy
    (Frontiers Media SA, 2020)
    Schoos, Ann-Marie Malby
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    Bullens, Dominique
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    Chawes, Bo Lund
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    Costa, Joana
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    De Vlieger, Liselot
    IgE-mediated food allergies are caused by adverse immunologic responses to food proteins. Allergic reactions may present locally in different tissues such as skin, gastrointestinal and respiratory tract and may result is systemic life-threatening reactions. During the last decades, the prevalence of food allergies has significantly increased throughout the world, and considerable efforts have been made to develop curative therapies. Food allergen immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach for food allergies that is based on the administration of increasing doses of culprit food extracts, or purified, and sometime modified food allergens. Different routes of administration for food allergen immunotherapy including oral, sublingual, epicutaneous and subcutaneous regimens are being evaluated. Although a wealth of data from clinical food allergen immunotherapy trials has been obtained, a lack of consistency in assessed clinical and immunological outcome measures presents a major hurdle for evaluating these new treatments. Coordinated efforts are needed to establish standardized outcome measures to be applied in food allergy immunotherapy studies, allowing for better harmonization of data and setting the standards for the future research. Several immunological parameters have been measured in food allergen immunotherapy, including allergen-specific immunoglobulin levels, basophil activation, cytokines, and other soluble biomarkers, T cell and B cell responses and skin prick tests. In this review we discuss different immunological parameters and assess their applicability as potential outcome measures for food allergen immunotherapy that may be included in such a standardized set of outcome measures.
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    Evaluation of IL-8 and MEF25-75 in patients with severe COPD who were treated with combined therapy of ICSs / LABAs plus tiotropium bromide
    (Europian Respiratory Society, 2013)
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    Zlatica Gosheva
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    Angelko Gjorchev
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    Suzana Arbutina
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    The aim of this study was to determine the effect of combined therapy of ICSs/LABAs plus tiotropiumbromide in patients with COPD, by analyzing of IL-8 and MEF25-75 at the beginning and after 6 months oftherapy. The study included 33 patients with severe COPD. In each of them were measured serum IL-8levels by the ELISA method and MEF25-75 which are indicated the small airways obstruction. They weretreated with combined therapy of ICSs/LABAs (500mcg) plus Tiotropium Bromide (18mcg) daily in durationof 6 months. The results were statistically elaborated according to the T-test for Dependent Samples. Theobtained results of IL-8 showed that the level of IL-8 before the start of therapy were much higher and thattreatment significantly reduces their value (t=3.13, p=0.003, p<0.05). The results of MEF 25-75 at the startof therapy were lower and after 6 months of treatment showed a slight improvement of lung function butstatistically insignificant (t= -0.83, p=0.41,p<0.05). The concentration of IL-8 is closely related with airwayobstruction in patients with COPD and may serve as a marker for evaluating the severity of airwayinflammation. ICSs/LABAs and tiotropium bromide have inhibitory effect on neutrophilic inflammationthrough the suppression of IL-8 production from epithelial cells and thus may contribute to lower cellularinflammation in COPD. Because it is a progressive disease and airflow limitation is not fully reversible, wecannot expect spectacular results like we show with the value of MEF25-75, but should strive to preventprogression and reduce airway remodeling with education, pharmacologic and non pharmacologic treatment