Faculty of Medicine

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    APPLICATION OF CERTAIN CARDIOLOGICAL AND KINESIOLOGICAL PROTOCOLS DURING THE PROCESS OF REHABILITATION OF THE PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
    (University of Tetova, 2024)
    Denis ALIU
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    Zhaku, Vegim
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    This study focuses on evaluating the effects of a specific kinesitherapeutic treatment protocol with duration of 21 days on the functional and biochemical parameters in patients recovering from acute myocardial infarction. The rationale behind this investigation lies in the growing body of evidence suggesting that structured physical activity can positively influence cardiovascular health, functional capacity, and overall well-being. The study conducted once more proves the importance of physical activity on general health and the functionality of the cardiovascular system in particular.
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    “HYBRID THINKING”
    (Department of Anaesthesia and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, R.N. Macedonia, 2024)
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    Embolic Strokes Due to Left Cardiac Thrombi
    (Institute of Knowledge Management (IKM), Skopje, 2022)
    Kristina Lazarovska
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    RISK FACTORS WITH A SPECIAL FOCUS OF HYPERTENSION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY
    (MIT University Skopje, 2025-11)
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    Taneva, Borjanka
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    Nikolov, Hristijan
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    DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS IN A NEWLY DIAGNOSED PATIENT WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS – CASE REPORT
    (MIT University Skopje, 2025-11)
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    Taneva, Borjanka
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    Nikolov, Hristijan
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    Thyrotoxicosis-Induced Reversible Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report
    (AVES YAYINCILIK A.Ş., 2026-01-07)
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    Manev, Nikola
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    Thyrotoxicosis-induced cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a rare but severe complication of thyrotoxicosis, characterized by significant left ventricular systolic dysfunction. While heart failure (HF) symptoms may be common in patients with thyrotoxicosis, true cardiomyopathy remains uncommon, affecting less than 1% of these individuals. A 27-year-old previously healthy woman who presented with symptoms of severe thyrotoxicosis, including irritability, hair loss, persistent dry cough, hypertension, and tachycardia is reported. Thyroid tests revealed elevated levels of free triiodothyronine and thyroxine, with suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone. Thiamazole and propranolol therapy were initiated. Two months later, her condition worsened, with fatigue, leg and abdominal swelling, and persistent cough. Echocardiography showed a severely reduced ejection fraction (EF 19%) and dilated cardiac chambers. N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide levels were elevated. She was managed with diuretics, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and continued thyroid treatment. After 7 days, EF improved to over 40%, with reduced ventricular dimensions. Continued treatment led to progressive recovery. At the 18-month follow-up, echocardiography documented normalized chamber dimensions and preserved EF, confirming complete reversal of TCM. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and intervention, as prompt restoration of thyroid function and appropriate HF management are crucial for reversing cardiac dysfunction and improving outcomes.
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    THE ROLE OF SHOCKWAVE INTRAVASCULAR LITHOTRIPSY IN THE TREATMENT OF HEAVILY CALCIFIED CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS: OUR FIRST EXPERIENCE
    (Department of Anaesthesia and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, R.N. Macedonia, 2025-12-17)
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    Jovkovski, Aleksandar
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    Manev, Nikola
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    Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is typically a chronic, progressive, inflammatory disease of the coronary arteries caused by coronary atherosclerosis. Moderate-to-severe calcification is present in up to 30% of patients undergoing coronary angiography (CA). Calcified coronary artery lesions are one of the most complex and challenging lesion subsets in interventional cardiology. Shockwave intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) is a recently introduced calcium-modifying technique for the treatment of concentric, eccentric and nodular calcifications. Case presentation: We present a clinical case of a 73-year-old male complaining of intermittent chest pain. He was a non-smoker with a positive familiar history for CVD. He had previous myocardial infarction and stenting of the right coronary artery (RCA), previous CVI, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes, heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage II/IIIa. CA revealed heavily calcified CAD. A calcified lesion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was treated using a 3.0/12 mm Shockwave IVL balloon; and calcium cracks and fractures were confirmed by optical coherence tomography (OCT). We proceeded with an NC balloon and finally treated the lesion with a 3.5/15 mm drug-coated balloon (DCB). The calcified lesion of the RCA was treated with conventional techniques using guiding catheter extension, NC balloons and drug-eluting stent (DES). Conclusion: Heavily calcified coronary artery lesions remain one of the biggest challenges for interventional cardiologists. Shockwave IVL is designed for treatment of all types of heavily calcified lesions using acoustic waves (shock waves). IVL is safe and effective technique that will definitely strengthen the armamentarium for modern treatment of heavily calcified lesions.