Iustinianus Primus Faculty of Law

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CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF MODERN EUROSCEPTICISM
(Institute Of Economic Development And Social Researches Publications, 2024-08)
Milena Apostolovska Stepanoska
;
Hristina Runcheva Tasev
Understanding euroscepticism goes beyond normative concerns about deepening European integration. It encompasses various aspects of political behavior, identities, public policies, democratic legitimacy, economy, ideology, and more. Euroscepticism is a complex and evolving phenomenon that lacks a universally accepted theoretical framework. Broadly, it denotes opposition to the European Union, whether in its entirety as a supranational entity or in its current structure, form, and political trajectory. Furthermore, euroscepticism manifests across the political spectrum, from left to right. Factors such as economic crises, fiscal policies, and the refugee crisis have intensified negative sentiments toward the EU among its populace. This environment has fostered the growth of eurosceptic parties and groups espousing populist and nationalist agendas. This study aims to delineate the contemporary dimensions of euroscepticism within the EU, following a review of the theoretical framework and essential conceptual clarifications related to euroscepticism. The results indicate that euroscepticism primarily revolves around concerns regarding sovereignty, identity, and the level of trust in national political systems. Additionally, euroscepticism correlates with the two significant crises that have challenged the EU and considerably tarnished its reputation: the economic crisis and the refugee crisis.
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E-COMMERCE DEVELOPMENT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE MACEDONIAN CASE
(Belgrade Business and Arts Academy of Applied Studies, 2022)
Aneta Stojanovska-Stefanova
;
Marija Magdincheva-Shopova
;
Hristina Runcheva Tasev
;
Milena Apostolovska Stepanoska
Abstract: In general, coronavirus has changed the way individuals, companies and countries in general have functioned so far. The pandemic left consequences in almost all segments of social life, and the reduced turnover of companies was a motive for digitalization of services. Many companies and institutions that in the past weren’t providing services electronically began to use alternative ways to offer their products and services online. The paper will present the authors' research on online shopping made during the 2020 pandemic, and will provide an overview of the challenges facing ecommerce development and will offer adequate conclusions that may be applicable in the future. Macedonians, according to the official data available from the National Bank, in the first six months of 2020 made a turnover of 4.3 billion denars with payment cards in domestic online stores, which is an increase of 113% compared to the first six months of 2019. According to the official data, in June 2020 there were 1,223 virtual points of sale, i.e. eshops, which is an increase of 20% compared to December 2019. These data as well as the findings of the authors in their research confirm the basic hypothesis that the crisis caused by Covid-19 had a positive impact on the development of e-commerce in our country.
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THE POTENTIAL OF ARTICLE 259 TFEU AS A TOOL FOR UPHOLDING THE MUTUAL TRUST IN THE EU
(Faculty of Law Osijek, 2022-06)
Hristina Runcheva Tasev
;
Milena Apostolovska Stepanoska
;
Leposava Ognjanoska
The principle of mutual trust, whose fundamental importance is recognized by the CJEU, is not mentioned in the Treaties, but nonetheless, it plays an essential role for the EU integration process and has become a structural principle of the EU law. In addition to its role as a basis for a large set of EU rules in the areas such as the internal market and the area of freedom, security and justice, this principle is also closely related to the EU founding values including the rule of law. Having in mind that is not a “blind trust” but an assumption, it is applied through ensuring compliance with the Union law for which both the Member States and the European Commission share responsibility, inter alia, by means of the infringement procedure. Under Article 259 TFEU, Member States are also entitled to bring a direct action against another Member State for an alleged infringement of an obligation under the Treaties. How- ever, it is extremely rare for a Member State to take action upon the Article 259 TFEU and its potential remains untapped till now. This contribution aims to answer why do Member States are inactive in terms of invoking the infringement procedure. It argues that infringement procedure initiated by a Member State against another Member State should not be perceived as a violation of the mutual trust between them but as a tool to uphold the mutual trust and to protect the Union’s founding values, including the rule of law.
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LEGAL AND JUDICIAL SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION IN TRANSITION ECONOMY: THE MACEDONIAN CASE
(Faculty of Law and Business Studies, Catholic Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2022)
Hristina Runcheva Tasev
;
Aneta Stojanovska-Stefanova
;
Leposava Ognjanoska
Economic growth and poverty reduction are highly dependent on the well-functioning legal and judicial institutions. Experience in transition countries suggests that the legal transition and economic performance go hand in hand in advancing results. The transition from socialism to capitalism in the Republic of North Macedonia has required fundamental reforms of legal and judicial institutions. The paper analyses the experience of the country in the legal and judicial institutions transformation, a long-term process that still has active and ongoing reforms. Despite the adoption of the structural preconditions for judicial independence (legal framework, judicial councils, and academies), political intervention, corruption and influence in judicial decisions are common and legal uncertainty remains. The authors ex- plore the effects that the legal and judicial institutions’ trans- formation has on Macedonian economic development by drawing data from official sources/reports. The conclusions suggest that creating a well-defined judiciary system with enforcement ability should be a priority for the executive branch of the Macedonian government to achieve improved economic performance and functional market economy.
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CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE UN ON THE FUTURE OF MULTILATERALISM
(Faculty of Law "Iustinianus Primus", 2021-06)
Aneta Stojanovska-Stefanova
;
Hristina Runcheva Tasev
;
Marija Magdinceva Sopova
2020 marked the 75th Anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. The UN have marked its 75th anniversary at a time of great disruption for the world, compounded by an unprecedented global health crisis with severe economic and social impacts. The article aims to give a theoretical descriptive overview of the available data about the 75th anniversary of its founding and on the importance of the United Nations for the world. Also, the paper underlines that new issues are increasingly gaining attention in the multilateralism system, such as the pandemic, digital technologies, environmental challenges, a melting arctic region and geopolitical shifts, for which in the near future the global community must find answers at a multilateral level. The article will conclude that the United Nations system is facing provocations and defiance from some States, and its functioning sometimes reveals a lack of efficiency. Emerging powers are rising in different regions of the world, aiming at counterbalancing the existing global order.
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EMPOWERNMENT OF WOMEN: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE MODERN WORLD
(Faculty of Tourism and Business Logistics, Goce Delchev University of Shtip, 2021-01)
Aneta Stojanovska-Stefanova
;
Marija Magdinceva-Sopova
;
Hristina Runcheva Tasev
The paper will give an informative overview of the importance of gender equality as a pillar of global development and overview of the empowerment of women in the modern world. The article will also make analysis about the biggest challenge facing women internationally today. Achieving gender equality and women’s empowerment is integral of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and to each of its 17 Sustainable Development Goals adopted by world leaders in 2015. According to UN there has been progress over the last decades: more girls are going to school, fewer girls are forced into early marriage, more women are serving in parliament and positions of leadership, and laws are being reformed to advance gender equality. Despite these gains many challenges remain. Authors conclude that gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world. The gender discrimination still holding too many women back, holds our world back too. Only by ensuring the rights of women and girls across all the goals will we get to justice and inclusion, economies that work for all, and sustaining our shared environment now and for future generations.
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EMPOWERNMENT OF WOMEN: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE MODERN WORLD
(Faculty of Tourism and Business Logistics, Goce Delchev University of Shtip, 2021-01)
Aneta Stojanovska-Stefanova
;
Marija Magdinceva-Sopova
;
Hristina Runcheva Tasev
The paper will give an informative overview of the importance of gender equality as a pillar of global development and overview of the empowerment of women in the modern world. The article will also make analysis about the biggest challenge facing women internationally today. Achieving gender equality and women’s empowerment is integral of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and to each of its 17 Sustainable Development Goals adopted by world leaders in 2015. According to UN there has been progress over the last decades: more girls are going to school, fewer girls are forced into early marriage, more women are serving in parliament and positions of leadership, and laws are being reformed to advance gender equality. Despite these gains many challenges remain. Authors conclude that gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world. The gender discrimination still holding too many women back, holds our world back too. Only by ensuring the rights of women and girls across all the goals will we get to justice and inclusion, economies that work for all, and sustaining our shared environment now and for future generations.

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