Филозофија на ангажираната свест - Морис Мерло-Понти

Abstract

Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s most continuous contributions to philosophy belong to the phenomenological theory of perception. Perception plays foundational role in understanding the world as well as engaging with the world. Perception, as Ponty understands, is essential bodily principle generalized to all aspects of the human condition. It is a body that goes beyond the problems of metaphysics, epistemology, and the more specialized sub disciplines, including psychology, biology, linguistic, art, culture, history, sociology, and politics. Merleau-Ponty takes phenomenology on a very different and more specified level. This article seeks to present Ponty’s understanding of perception, behavior, space, language, bodily movement, ambiguity and relations with others, as they were presented in his key early works, Phenomenology of perception and The Structure of behavior. In these works Ponty exposes the problematic nature of traditional philosophical dichotomies (mind-body, thought-language, self-world, inside-outside) and elaborates the unsatisfactory alternatives that they give. According to Ponty, they are extremely flawed positions. Because of that, Maurice Merleau-Ponty tends to re-orientate philosophy.