Pejkovska, Ana

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Pejkovska, Ana
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Pejkovska, Ana

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    Laryngotracheal Stenosis: A Retrospective Analysis of Their Aetiology, Diagnose and Treatment
    (Scientific Foundation SPIROSKI, 2019-05-26)
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    BACKGROUND: Laryngotracheal stenosis created as a result of a long-term consequence of prolonged endotracheal intubation is a state of narrowing of the airway, which, depending on the degree of narrowing, can be from an asymptomatic to a potentially life-threatening condition. AIM: To understand the severity of postintubation laryngeal stenoses, their diagnosis, endoscopic evaluation, endoscopic and surgical treatment and their success in a multi-year period realised in the University Clinic for Ear, Nose and Throat in Skopje, Macedonia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Through a proper history, physical examination, endoscopic and imaging evaluation of the ear, nose and throat in the Clinic, in the period of 8 years, that is, from 2010 to 2017, laryngotracheal stenosis was diagnosed in a total of 36 patients. During this period, 24 male or 66.7% were diagnosed, as were 12 female subjects or 33.3% of diagnosed patients. Of the analysed total of 36 patients, by Mayers cotton classification, 14 or 38% are patients with grade 1 stenosis, 5 or 13% are grade 2, and 10 or 27% are grade 3, while 7 or 19% are grade 4 stenosis RESULTS: It is essential for all laryngotracheal stenoses to exist or to provide a breathing path that depends on the degree of stenosis. Further course of treatment also depends on the characteristics of the stenotic zone that is visualised endoscopically. At the Clinic for ear nose and throat in Skopje, endoscopic treatment was performed through a series of dilatations within 21 patients, or 58 % of the examinee, as well as the administration of mitomycin and corticoderates in 21 patients or 52% of the examinee. The applied actions and procedures had shown 100% outcome on stenoses not longer than 2 cm, who have a fibro-inflammatory scar and by Myer cotton classification 1 and second stadium. Patients that have failed endoscopic treatment, surgical treatment are a method of choice. Surgical treatments have been performed in 4 patients with realised end of the anastomosis, and 3 crycotracheal reconstructions, which is decannulated. After an extensive follow-up of these patients, depending on their condition, multiple endoscopic evaluations have been decannulated to 21 patients or 58%, and after a series of multiple unsuccessful endoscopic treatments, a condition with tracheal stoma occurs in 8 patients or 22% of the examinee. CONCLUSION: The observations indicate that the methods used, which are explained previously, have good effects in terms of the achieved outcomes. Due to limited resources, it is necessary to improve new methods and approaches in the treatment of stenoses, depending on their type and severity, thereby improving patient outcomes. Also, to reduce laryngotracheal stenoses, appropriate tubes and low pressure of the caffeine in the endotracheal tubules should be used.
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    PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF TAUSSIG BING ANOMALY WITH COARCTATION OF THE AORTA - CASE REPORT
    (SHMSHM - AAMD, 2025-09-09)
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    Mirjana Kjaeva Pejkovska
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    Pavle Dimchev
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    Taussing Bing anomaly is a rare congenital heart malformation. Congenital heart defects (CHDs) represent a formidable global health challenge, frequently necessitating intricate surgical interventions, particularly in the vulnerable populations of neonates and infants. Among these, anomalies involving the great arteries and ventricular septal defects (VSDs) pose unique difficulties due to their complex anatomy and profound physiological impact on the developing cardiovascular system. We present a case of a fetal cardiac anomaly initially diagnosed as transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with subsequent identification of coarctation of the thoracic aorta (CoA). Post-termination autopsy confirmed Taussig Bing anomaly (TBA), a rare conotruncal malformation characterized by a double-outlet right ventricle (DORV) with subpulmonary ventricular septal defect (VSD) and malposition of the great arteries. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges in prenatal imaging and the importance of multidisciplinary evaluation in complex congenital heart disease (CHD).
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    Preview of patient with paralysis and paresis, unilateral and bilateral of the vocal cords
    (2017-06)
    Nikoloska, S
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    Kamishkoski, I
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    Micevski, G
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    Perinatal complications and their association with maternal hypothyroidism
    (Bulgarian Association of Young Surgeons (ScopeMed), 2022-05)
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    Paneva, Iva
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    Introduction. Hypothyroidism in pregnant patients is more often associated with pregnancy complications. It increases the risk of obesity, diabetes, and hypertensive disorders, and has an impact on perinatal outcomes. There is a greater risk of congenital hypothyroidism or so-called cretinism, manifested by growth restriction, mental retardation and other neurophysiological defects. Iodine supplementation and proper administration of thyroxine preparations in the first and second trimesters significantly reduce neurological abnormalities. Purpose. Evaluation of pregnancies in patients with hypothyroidism and its impact on perinatal complications. Material and methods. The patients with hypothyroidism were analyzed from the total deliveries at the University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics in Skopje. Patients are divided into two study groups: study and control groups. The study group includes patients with hypothyroidism. The control group includes patients without hypothyroidism. Results. The likelihood of obesity was assessed, and during the third trimester, the likelihood of developing diabetes, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia as a single risk, was compared between the two groups. Patients with hypothyroidism are 3.49 times more likely to have obesity and 5.57 times higher risk of developing diabetes in pregnancy than those without hypothyroidism. The relative risk of developing gestational hypertension is 3.1 and OR 3.22 in patients with hypothyroidism, which means that 3.22 times more likely to develop gestational hypertension in this group. Preeclampsia develops in 2 patients (3.33%) with a relative risk of 2.07 and OR 2.11, or 2.11 times higher risk of developing preeclampsia in the hypothyroidism group. Conclusion. Early detection of thyroid disorders in a pregnant patient as well as in newborns postpartum allows for proper treatment of both mother and child, while uncontrolled hypothyroidism leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes and has fatal consequences.
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    PREGNANCY AND ORAL PARAFUNCTIONAL HABIT – BRUXISM
    (Shoqëria Stomatologjike Shqiptare | Albanians’ Stomatological Society, 2024-12)
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    Budima Pejkovska Shahpaska
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    Burim Kiseri
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    Genc Demjaha
    Aim: The aim of this study is to represent pregnant patients with an existing parafunctional habit- bruxism in pregnancy, its diagnosis, evaluation and treatment. Methods: Three pregnant patient came to the University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, with severe headaches, tinnitus, earaches, dizziness, and problems in opening of the mouth in their first trimester. They were clinically examined, diagnosed and treated for the parafunctional habit – bruxism. In the second and third semester, the symptomatology from bruxism was alleviated in two patients. The third patient did not finish the study. Conservative treatment with producing individually designed splints was carried out. Results: Parafunctional habits that are present in pregnant patients worsen due to many physiological changes occurring in pregnancy. The patients were diagnosed with a horizontal type of bruxism, not treated. Pregnancy has a direct correlation with the entire body and thus affecting the stomatognathic system, which is proven in this study. Conclusion: Pregnancy can affect the entire health of the patients. That is why besides all of the accompanied examinations, particular attention must be paid on the oral health for enabling these patients a better quality of life.
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    Laryngotracheitis –case report,
    (Balkan Society of ORL&HNS, 2022-06)
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    Saliu, N
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    Tahiri, M
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    Ahtarova, I
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    Slavkovikj, V
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    CLINICAL SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF COVID-19 PATIENT AFTER AN ABORTION
    (Bulgarian Association of Young Surgeons (ScopeMed), 2021)
    Pejkovska, Mirjana
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    Shahpaska Pejkovska, Budima
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    Introduction: WHO declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in January 2020 and a pandemic in March 2020. Since then, it was realized that the virus that caused the outbreak for COVID-19, is knownassevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Case Report: The purpose of this research is to discover the association between obstetrical condition and symptomatology of COVID-19 and to present the treatment of a patient in self-isolation after the abortion. A patient who has had an abortion, after that was diagnosed with COVID-19. Blood analyses were performed after her abortion and during and after her contagion with the virus. Analyses of d-dimmers were monitored continuously. Every symptom was carefully observed, using clinical, paraclinical, digital methods and pulls oximeter. The patient was prescribed vitamins, supplements antibiotics and immunomodulators. Patients with previous comorbidities, loss of blood, abortions, have weakened immune system. That is why they are more susceptible to infections. One of them is the coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2. Some aspects of the virus remain a mystery for medical experts. It takes a multidisciplinary approach and everyday treatment so that the patient can have elimination of the symptoms before the vaccine can be applied worldwide. Conclusion: Women who have abortions, give stillbirth sometimes can experience difficulties regarding their immune system. It is systemically and psychologically a hard moment for them an entire family. Thus the more they are prone to become specifically ill they need more time to recover.
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    The consequence of Covid 19 in patient with laryngeal cancer
    (Balkan Society of ORL&HNS, 2022-06)
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    Micevski, Goran
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    Kamshikoski, Igor
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