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    PERFORATED ANASTOMOTIC MARGINAL ULCER POST ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS SURGERY: A CASE REPORT
    (Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 2022)
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    Panikj, Katarina
    Among the techniques available for bariatric surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is safe and effective option. However, it may present with some complications such as marginal anasomotic ulcers, which can perforate and become serious surgical emergency. We present a case of 28-year-old female patient, with abdominal pain and vomiting with clinical presentation of diffuse peritonitis, radiological presentation of pneumoperitoneum and medical history of RYGB 3 years before, with suspected perforation after initial medical assessment and examination. Upper medial laparotomy was performed with large amount of fibrinopurulent content presented in abdominal cavity and perforated MU at medial anastomotic site. It was closed with omental patch, after thorough abdominal irrigation. The patient was discharged on the 10th day after surgery. One of the most common long-term complications after RYGB is the occurence of peptic ulcers and anastomotic stenosis. The main manifestation of untreated MU is perforation, which is urgent surgical and life-threatening condition. The perforated marginal ulcer is a complication of the RYGB procedure in bariatric surgery and is an acute surgical condition. Thorough irrigation of abdominal cavity and omentoplasty of the ulcer lesion is a safe and effective treatment of choice and it gives a good postoperative outcome.
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    Лапароскопска наспроти отворена херниопластика кај вентрални хернии со техника на интраперитонеално пласирање на мрежа (IPOM – intraperitoneal onlay mesh) – ран клинички исход
    (Медицински факултет, УКИМ, Скопје, 2021)
    Introduction: In everyday surgical practice, ventral hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed surgeries worldwide. Ventral hernioplasty can be performed either with open or laparoscopic approach and in this study both approaches use the IPOM technique of mesh placement. From the clinical experience so far, the laparoscopic approach is characterized by a lower rate of early postoperative complications, shorter hospital stay and a period of convalescence. The aim of the study was to compare early postoperative complications (infections,seroma, hematoma), postoperative pain, duration of hospital stay between patients undergoing open and laparoscopic access with IPOM ventral hernioplasty. Secondary aims of the study include a comparison of the duration of the operation, the occurrence of postoperative ileus, recurrence in the first year in both methods, occurrence of port hernia in laparoscopic approach and convalescence period between these two methods. Material and methods: The study was designed as a randomized, prospective, comparative study of 63 patients who met the inclusion criteria, operated by IPOM technique and divided into two groups: open access to 32 patients and laparoscopic access to 31 patients. In both groups were compared early postoperative complications, postoperative pain- which was compared at eight time intervals during rest and activity, quantified using VAS and also was made comparison for duration of surgery, hospital stay, recurrence in the first year and convalescence. Statistical processing and data analysis was performed in the statistical programme SPSS version 23.0. Values of p <0.05 were taken as statistically significant . Results: Regarding the early postoperative complications, it was found that the occurrence of seroma is more common in the laparoscopic group (p = 0.013), while in open hernioplasty the number of surgical site infections is significantly higher (p = 0.03). Results of comparison of postoperative pain at rest and activity, patients in both groups had significantly different pain intensities on the day of the intervention, the first and second day after the intervention (p<0.0001). At these time points, the intensity of pain was significantly stronger in patients undergoing laparosopic hernioplasty. On the third and seventh postoperative days, as well as one and six months after the intervention, there was no significant difference in pain intensity between the two methods during rest and activity. The hospital stay expressed in days is longer in open hernioplasty (p = 000001). Regarding the duration of the operation (p = 0.8) and the period of convalescence (p = 0.28), there is no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Discussion: The results shown by our experience shows that laparoscopic ventral IPOM hernia repair is characterized by lower rates of SSI, a shorter hospital stay, but without statistical significant benefit in terms of a period of convalescence, duration of surgery and recidive rate in the first year. About postoperative pain, the general clinical experience confirmed in our study is that patients after laparoscopic ventral hernioplasty suffer from severe pain in the early postoperative period and it is the biggest challenge and problem after these operations. Conclusion: Тhe choice of treatment and access should be based according to individual patient characteristics and principles of evidence based surgery. A laparoscopic approach, due to its minimal invasiveness, should be more common in ventral hernioplasty. Due to the higher intensity of postoperative pain in the laparoscopic approach, further research in the future should focus on developing new non-traumatic methods for mesh fixation (Fibrin Glue) and studies that will analyse in detail the impact of postoperative pain on quality of life.
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    ОPEN ACCSESS HERNIOPLASTY IN SUPRAPUBIC INCISIONAL HERNIA - CASE REPORT
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists and Morphologists, 2019)
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    Panikj Katarina
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    Stosikj Dragan
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    Dimitrov Zoran
    Introduction: Suprapubic incisional hernia are midline peripheral ventral hernias located within 5 cm of the pubic arch. Most frequently it can occur after gynaecologic surgery procedures. Repair of this type of hernia is still challenging for the surgeons, because it is difficult to fix meshes at the desired position and to achieve adequate overlapping of the defect. This paper will show the case of a patient with suprapubic incisional hernia who has been successfully operated with open access hernioplasty by placing an intraperitoneal composite mesh ( IPOM- intraperitoneal onlay mesh). Case presentation: A 66- year- old female patient, with a history of previous hysterectomy performed with lower midline incision laparotomy and clinically verified suprapubic incisional hernia with the size of a child’s head. CT scan confirmed the incisional hernia defect stretching from the pubic symphysis up to 5 cm below the navel, across all layersof the abdominal wall and it has 2/3 of the small intestine and the sigmoid colon present as a content inside the hernia sac. Open hernia surgical repair was performed and during the operation hernia defect of 9 x 8 cm was measured and according to that an intraperitoneal composite mesh (Parietex- polyester mesh with absorbent collagen film) with dimensions 30 x 20cm was placed. Inferiorly, the mesh was fixed to the Cooper’s ligaments and the pubic bone with non-absorbable tackers. The rest of the mesh was fixed with transfascial sutures through the abdominal muscles. Discussion: After hospital discharge, the patient was followed up during a period of 21 months. In the early postoperative period, postoperative complications such as seroma, hematoma, SSI (surgical site infections), complications related to the mesh (infection, fistula) were not reported. Also, no clinical signs of recurrence were noticed. Conclusion: The decision for the surgical treatment of complex suprapubic hernias is still a challenge for the surgeons. Individual approach leads to successful operative treatment. There is still need of randomized controlled trials to be undertaken, as well as reaching consensus guidelines regarding the ideal method of hernioplasty in the patients with suprapubic incisional hernias.
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    MALIGNANT DUODENOCOLIC FISTULA- CASE REPORT OF RARE COMPLICATION OF COLONIC CANCER TREATED BY MULTIVISCERAL RESECTION
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists, 2022)
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    Nedelkovski, Dane
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    Panikj, Katarina
    Duodenocolic fistulas created by invasive cancer of the colon are rare complications. They are presented with serious electrolytic and nutritional disturbances due to vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, GI bleeding, and weight loss. In this paper, we present young male patient with malignant duodenocolic fistula between ascendant colon and D2 portion of duodenum and pancreatic head, treated with right hemicolectomy and pancreaticoduoedenectomy. Postoperative histopathology confirmed poorly differentiated colonic adenocarcinoma without spreading to lymph nodes and major vessels. Patient is still alive after three years of the operation which led as to conclusion that this type of radical operation may represent one of the best treatments for this rare complication, provides good quality of life and is prognostically justifiable.
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    PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY: RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE
    (Department of Anesthesia, Reanimation and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine, University ”Ss. Cyril & Methodius” Skopje, R. of N. Macedonia, 2023-04)
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    Nedelkovski Dane
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    Panikj Katarina
    Background: Whipple surgery (pancreaticoduodenectomy) is a complex surgery with high postoperative complication rate. We aimed to demonstrate the outcomes and rates of complications from patients who had undergone PD in our hospital. Materials and methods: Medical records of 22 patients, who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy surgery between November 2018 and December 2022 at Department of Abdominal Surgery, City General Hospital 8th September in Skopje, North Macedonia, were examined retrospectively. Age, sex, localization of the lesion and pathohistological properties and postoperative morbidity and mortality were studied. Results: A total of 22 patients (12 male, 10 female) with a mean age of 63,9 years who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy were included in the study. Ten patients (45,45%) had pancreatic head malignancies, 7 patients (31,81%) had ampullarry malignancies, 1 patient (4,54%) had duodenal and also 1 patient (4,54%) had common bile duct malignancies. Two of our cases (9,08%) underwent surgery for gastric antrum carcinoma and one patient (4,54%) for colon carcinoma. The most frequently encountered complications were pancreatic fistula (18,16%), biliary leakage (13,64%) and pulmonary complications (13,64%). Surgery related mortality rate was 9,09% (2 cases). Conclusion: We represent outcomes of our surgical team compared to the published data of some other centers. Prospective randomized studies are needed to adequately assess postoperative complications. To improve the postoperative outcome, appropriate monitoring, multidisciplinary approach and further improving of surgical techniques are needed.
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    Retrorectal dermoid cyst manifested as an extrasphincteric perianal fistula - case report
    (2014)
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    Milev, I
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    Retrorectal tumors are very rare but well defined pathological entities in the literature. Also, an extrasphincteric fistula is a very rare form of perianal fistula which makes our case a very unusual and rare one, especially by the fact that it was successfully treated with the first operation and without protective stoma formation. The patient was first treated in hospital for a retrorectal abscess that had spontaneously ruptured in the postanal space. Because of the constant drainage of the suppurative content from the postanal opening in the following months, MRI and fistulography were performed, registering cystic formation in the retrorectal space with fistulous communication with the rectum above and completely separate from the sphincter mechanism. After that the patient was admitted for definitive treatment. The operation was performed with the patient in a prone jack-knife position. Complete excision of the cyst with the fistulous communication was performed and the rectum was sutured in two layers with separate slowly absorbable sutures. The wound was laid open and the patient was discharged on the 5th post operative day. After about ten months the defecation is normal, the wound is sealed and there are no signs of inflammation and secretion locally.
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    Аcute Mesenteric Ischemia and Intestinal Necrosis in COVID-19 Patient: Report of a Case
    (OA Academic Press, 2023-02)
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    Panikj Katarina
    Aims: We present a case of acute intestinal necrosis due to multiple thrombosis in a female patient with confirmed SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)- Cov 19 infection. Presentation of Case: A 69-year-old female patient was administred in Emergency Department in our hospital with symptoms of general weakness, loss of apetite and elevated body temperature up to 38° C which started three days before the admission, followed by abdominal distension with pain and confusion. After clinical examination and diagnostic investigations, an emergency laparotomy was performed, which showed discontinuos gangrenous changes in terminal ileum, two of which were already perforated, signs of diffuse stercoral peritonitis, spleen with changed morphology (whitish patces and uneven capsule). Resection of the terminal ileum with ileostomy and splenectomy were performed. Discussion: Acute intestinal gangrene is a rarer, but devastating complication in patients with SARS Cov 19 infection. Its first symptoms cannot always be confirmed by diagnostic investigations, so great caution is required. Conclusion: Life-threatining, extrapulmonary complications should be considered in COVID 19 confirmed patients.
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    Comparison of the Intensity of Postoperative Pain Between Open and Laparoscopic Access of Ventral Hernioplasty with IPOM (Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh) Technique
    (2020-09)
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    Panikj Katarina
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    Mladenovic Dragoslav
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    Nanceva Jasminka
    Introduction: Despite the numerous advantages of laparoscopic ventral hernioplasty over the open access hernioplasty, described in the literature, the general clinical experience is that patients have severe pain in the first few days, hence early postoperative pain is a challenge in this procedure.The aim of this study was to compare early postoperative pain and whether there was statistically significant difference in the intensity of postoperative pain among patients operated with open and laparoscopic approach with IPOM hernioplasty during resting and activity.Material and methods: A randomized, prospective, comparative study was performed on 63 patients who met the inclusion criteria, operated with the IPOM technique and divided into two groups: open access in 32 patients and laparoscopic approach in 31 patients. In both groups, postoperative pain was compared at eight time intervals during rest and activity, quantified using VAS. The statistical processing and analysis of the data was done in the statistical programme SPSS version 23.0.Results: The results of the study showed that at rest and activity, patients in both groups had significantly different pain intensities on the day of the intervention, the first and second day after the intervention (p<0.0001). At these time points, the intensity of pain was significantly stronger in patients undergoing laparosopic hernioplasty. On the third and seventh postoperative days, as well as one and six months after the intervention, there was no significant difference in pain intensity between the two methods during rest and activity.Discussion: The general clinical experience confirmed in our study is that patients after laparoscopic ventral hernioplasty suffer from severe pain in the early postoperative period and it is the biggest challenge and problem after these operations. The explanation is that it is the result of transfascial sutures for mesh fixation in both groups and additionally multiple lesions of the parietal peritoneum in the laparoscopic method due to the numerous fixations of the mesh with tackers. Future research should focus on developing new non-traumatic methods for mesh fixation (Fibrin Glue) and studies that will analyse in detail the impact of postoperative pain on quality of life.
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    POSTOPERATIVE PAIN AFTER VENTRAL HERNIA REPAIR: A PROSPECTIVE COMPARISON OF OPEN VERSUS LAPAROSCOPIC WITH INTRAPERITONEAL ONLAY MESH (IPOM) TECHNIQUE
    (Macedonian Association of Anatomists, 2021)
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    Nancheva, Jasmina
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    Panik, Katarina
    Laparoscopic ventral hernioplasty has many advantages over the open access hernioplasty, but patients suffer severe pain in the first few days. Objectives of this study was comparison of early postoperative pain in Open and Laparascopic approach in IPOM hernioplasty and whether there was statistically significant difference in the intensity of postoperative pain during resting and activity. 63 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in a randomized, prospective, comparative study and were operated with the IPOM technique. They were divided into two groups: open and laparascopic access (32 and 31 patient, consequently). In both groups, postoperative pain was compared at eight time intervals during rest and activity, quantified using VAS. The statistical analysis was done in the statistical programme SPSS version 23.0. Patients undergoing laparoscopic hernioplasty had significantly higher pain intensities on the day of the intervention, the first and second day after the intervention (p<0.0001). On the third and seventh postoperative days, as well as one and six months after the intervention, there was no significant difference in pain intensity between the two methods during rest and activity. Patients after laparoscopic ventral hernioplasty suffer from severe pain in the early postoperative period and it is the biggest challenge and problem after these operations. This originates from transfascial sutures for mesh fixation in both groups and additionally multiple lesions of the parietal peritoneum in the laparoscopic method due to the numerous mesh fixations with tackers.
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    Comparative Analysis between Laparoscopic and Open IPOM Ventral Hernioplasty
    (International Institute for Science, Technology and Education, 2020-11)
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    Panikj, Katarina
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    Mladenovic, Dragoslav
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    Introduction: In everyday surgical practice, ventral hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed surgeries worldwide. Ventral hernioplasty can be performed either with open or laparoscopic approach and in this study both approaches use the IPOM technique of mesh placement. From the clinical experience so far, the laparoscopic approach is characterized by a lower rate of early postoperative complications, shorter hospital stay and a period of convalescence. The aim of the study was to compare early postoperative complications, duration of surgery, hospital stay, recurrence in the first year and convalescence period between patients undergoing open and laparoscopic access with IPOM ventral hernioplasty. Material and methods: The study was designed as a randomized, prospective, comparative study of 63 patients who met the inclusion criteria, operated by IPOM technique and divided into two groups: open access to 32 patients and laparoscopic access to 31 patients. Early postoperative complications, duration of surgery, hospital stay, recurrence in the first year, and convalescence were compared in both groups. Statistical processing and data analysis was performed in the statistical programme SPSS version 23.0. Values of p <0.05 were taken as statistically significant. Results: Regarding the early postoperative complications, it was found that the occurrence of seroma is more common in the laparoscopic group (p = 0.013), while in open hernioplasty the number of surgical site infections is significantly higher (p = 0.03). The hospital stay expressed in days is longer in open hernioplasty (p = 000001). Regarding the duration of the operation (p = 0.8) and the period of convalescence (p = 0.28), there is no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Discussion: The results shown by our experience shows that laparoscopic ventral IPOM hernia repair is characterized by lower rates of SSI, a shorter hospital stay, but without statistical significant benefit in terms of a period of convalescence, duration of surgery and recidive rate in the first year. Тhe choice of treatment and access should be based according to individual patient characteristics. A laparoscopic approach, due to its minimal invasiveness, should be more common in ventral hernioplasty.