HONEY BEE HEALTH STATUS IN BULGARIA AND MACEDONIA, EVALUATION OF RISK

Abstract

Abstract: Today it is well known that beekeeping occupies one of the most important stakes in global agriculture.Besides the obvious contribution to the receipt of bee products (honey, pollen, wax, propolis and etc.), bees are one of the most effective natural pollinators of a wide variety of wild flora and crops. This activity led to thepreservation of biodiversity and improving the balance of the ecosystem. In the world as a whole the total economicvalue of pollination and bee products from beehives worth over 150 million euros a year (Gallai et al., 2008). To besuccessful this activity is particularly important to their health status. The mysterious mass extinction of bees, for which destroyed about a third of bee colonies every year since 2006, may be due in addition to the well-known Paenobacillus larvae and P. alvei, nosema, also of not a harmless part of viruses. Recent studies show an increase in mortality in winter, the 2016 and 2017, the and led to concerns about the continuation of the downward trend of bee population. We made a risk analysis of economically significant diseases in bees in Bulgaria and Macedonia. We believe that such analyzes have been made ahead of time for them this presents various issues related to the changed picture of the health of bees.