National Situation Analysis on Early Childhood Intervention in N. Macedonia: Perspectives of parents and caregivers

Abstract

This paper explores the findings of the National Situation Analysis on Early Childhood Intervention (ECI) in North Macedonia, focusing on the experiences and perspectives of parents and caregivers of children with developmental delays and disabilities. The study aimed to assess the current state of ECI services, examine the needs of children and families, and identify service provision gaps, particularly among marginalized groups such as the Roma community. Using a mixed-methods approach, surveys and focus groups were conducted to gather both quantitative and qualitative data from parents, caregivers, and ECI professionals. The analysis revealed that only 58% of eligible children receive ECI services, with geographical coverage being a significant challenge, especially in rural and underserved areas. 81% of parents reported no waiting lists, while 19% experienced waiting times, with 68% waiting less than three months. Barriers such as long waiting periods, financial constraints, and transportation issues were more pronounced among low-income and minority families. Additionally, 23% of parents indicated that they did not face any barriers, but 12% lacked information on ECI services. Family participation in ECI services varied, with 24% of parents involved in comprehensive developmental assessments and 22% participating in parent-child interaction assessments. Lower engagement was noted in transition plans (9%) and home safety assessments (4%), suggesting opportunities to improve family involvement in long-term planning and safety evaluations. The study highlights the urgent need to expand ECI services, especially in rural areas, and recommends developing a comprehensive national ECI strategy. This strategy should prioritize equitable access, improve service delivery, and enhance ECI personnel's capacity through specialized training, ultimately fostering more inclusive and effective services for children and their families.