Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia: A Radiological Exploration in a 37-YearOld Patient

Abstract

This case report delves into the clinical and imaging features of Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia (AEP) in a 37-year-old administrative worker. The patient was presented with a persistent and productive cough, fatigue, and peripheral eosinophilia. The diagnostic journey, including chest radiography, HRCT imaging, and broncho-alveolar lavage, aimed to unravel the unique aspects of AEP in this specific presentation. Hypoxemia and diffuse alveolar opacities on chest radiography and HRCT marked the clinical presentation. Broncho-alveolar lavage fluid analysis revealed a remarkably high eosinophil count, confirming the eosinophilic nature of the pneumonia. HRCT imaging unveiled bilateral ground-glass areas, interlobular septal thickening, broncho-vascular bundle thickening, and ill-defined centrilobular nodules. Zonal distribution analysis showcased a random apico-basal pattern, predominantly affecting the lower lobes. Prompt initiation of corticosteroid therapy led to a rapid and complete response, with no relapse after discontinuation. The patient's clinical symptoms improved significantly, aligning with the expected therapeutic response in AEP. This case report underscores the specific HRCT manifestations of AEP in a 37-year-old patient, contributing valuable insights to the understanding of this eosinophilic lung disease. The rapid and favorable response to corticosteroids further supports the accurate diagnosis of AEP. Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia in this 37-year-old patient demonstrates distinct radiological patterns crucial for diagnosis. The case report enhances awareness among clinicians and radiologists, emphasizing the significance of recognizing AEP in the spectrum of acute respiratory illnesses. Keywords: Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia (AEP), case report, eosinophilic broncho-alveolar lavage, HRCT imaging, zonal distribution.