SOME ASPECTS OF THE ROLE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE BALKANS AFTER THE COLD WAR

Abstract

Energy and economy have become the new priorities for Russia in the Balkans, without abandoning the strategic geopolitical and security interests. The rise of the Turkish interest in the region additionally increased the need for adjustments in the post-Cold War political landscape. Shifting the United States’ focus away from the Balkans has created new opportunities for Russia, and the stalemate in the EU accession of some Balkan countries has led to modifications in their foreign policy goals. This paper examines Russia’s influence in the countries of the Balkan region, its interests in this part of Europe, as well as its relations to other (dis)integration processes. The following questions will be analysed: What were the reasons for the Soviet involvement in conflicts on the Balkans during the World Wars and the Cold War? How did Russia react to the dissolution of Yugoslavia? What were the responses of Russian foreign policy to the EU and NATO enlargement by countries in the region? What are the circumstances of the Russian position regarding the independence of Kosovo? How does the energy issue relate to the bilateral relations with the Balkan countries? What theoretical assumptions can be used to explain Russia’s policy in the region? Is Russia seeking to restore the balance of power established during the Cold War? What are the future prospects of the Russian influence in the Balkans?